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Muhammad Ahmad was a Nubian Sufi religious leader of the Samaniyya order in Sudan who, as a youth, studied Sunni Islam. In 1881, he claimed to be the Mahdi, and led a successful war against Ottoman-Egyptian military rule in Sudan and achieved a remarkable victory over the British, in the siege of Khartoum. He created a vast Islamic state extending from the Red Sea to Central Africa, and founded a movement that remained influential in Sudan a century later.
The current flag of Sudan was adopted on 20 May 1970 and consists of a horizontal red-white-black tricolour with a green triangle at the hoist. The flag is based on the Arab Liberation Flag of the Egyptian Revolution of 1952, as are the flags of Egypt, Iraq, Syria, Yemen, and Palestine and formerly of the United Arab Republic, North Yemen, South Yemen, and the Libyan Arab Republic.
The Republic of Sudan was established as an independent sovereign state on 1 January 1956 upon the termination of the condominium of Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, over which sovereignty had been vested jointly in Egypt and the United Kingdom. Before 1955, however, whilst still subject to the condominium, the autonomous Sudanese government under Ismail al-Azhari had temporarily halted Sudan's progress toward self-determination, hoping to promote unity with Egypt. Despite his pro-Egyptian National Unionist Party (NUP) winning a majority in the 1953 parliamentary elections, however, Azhari realized that popular opinion had shifted against such a union. Azhari, who had been the major spokesman for the "unity of the Nile Valley", therefore reversed the NUP's stand and supported Sudanese independence. On December 19, 1955, the Sudanese parliament, under Azhari's leadership, unanimously adopted a declaration of independence that became effective on January 1, 1956. Azhari called for the withdrawal of foreign troops, and requested the governments of Egypt and the United Kingdom to sponsor a plebiscite in advance.
Mahdi is the prophesied redeemer of Islam. Mehdi is a variant alternative transliteration.
The Arab Parliament is the legislative body of the Arab League. At the 19th Arab League Summit in Amman, the Arab states agreed to create an Arab Parliament, and came up with a resolution to give Amr Moussa the Secretary General of the Arab League the power to start and create the Parliament. In 2004, in the ordinary Arab League Summit in Algiers was the official date where all Arab League Members agreed to send their representative to the temporary Parliament sessions that took place in the headquarters of the Arab League in Cairo, Egypt, with each member state sending four members, until the Parliament is reassigned permanently to its under-construction office in Damascus.
Abd al-Qadir or Abdulkadir is a male Muslim given name. It is formed from the Arabic words Abd, al- and Qadir. The name means "servant of who can everything", Al=The. Al-Qādir being one of the names of Allah in the Qur'an, which give rise to the Muslim theophoric names.
Abd al-Rahman is a male Arabic Muslim given name, and in modern usage, surname. It is built from the Arabic words Abd, al- and Rahman. The name means "servant of the most gracious", ar-Rahman being one of the names of God in the Qur'an, which give rise to the Muslim theophoric names.
ʻAbd al-Razzāq is a male Muslim given name, and in modern usage, surname. It is built from the Arabic words ʻabd and al-Razzāq, one of the names of God in the Qur'an, which give rise to the Muslim theophoric names. It means "servant of the all-provider".
ʻAbd al-Raʼūf is a male Muslim given name. It is built from the Arabic words ʻabd and al-Raʼūf, one of the names of God in the Qur'an, which give rise to the Muslim theophoric names. It means "servant of the Lenient One".
Sayyid Abd al-Rahman al-Mahdi, KBE was one of the leading religious and political figures during the colonial era in the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (1898–1955), and continued to exert great authority as leader of the Neo-Mahdists after Sudan became independent. The British tried to exploit his influence over the Sudanese people while at the same time profoundly distrusting his motives. Throughout most of the colonial era of the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan the British saw Sayyid Abd al-Rahman al-Mahdi as important as a moderate leader of the Mahdists.
The Ansar is a Sufi religious movement in the Sudan whose followers are disciples of Muhammad Ahmad, a Sudanese religious leader based on Aba Island, proclaimed himself Mahdi on 29 June 1881. His followers won a series of victories against the Egyptians culminating in the capture of Khartoum in January 1885.
Abdel Halim Mohamed Abdel Halim was a Sudanese physician, writer, political activist, civil servant, and sports administrator.
The Ministry of Justice of Sudan was created in 1956 by Mohammed Ahmed Abu Ranat and Ahmed Metwally al-Atabani. In 1983, the ministry's responsibilities were clearly defined to include representing the state in legal affairs, reviewing and reforming laws that promote justice, and other functions.
The Sudanese Congress Party is a Sudanese centre-left, social democratic, pro-secular political party created in 1986 as National Congress and renamed as the SCP in 2005.
Ahmed Mohamed El Hassan FRCP FTWAS was a Sudanese professor of pathology.
El Sheikh Mahgoub Gaafar is a Sudanese mycologist and an international authority on mycetoma and bacteriology. He was awarded Shousha Prize by the World Health Organization.
References
- ↑ the date of issue of each stamp can be checked at the on line stamp catalogue Stampworld https://www.stampworld.com/en/stamps/Sudan/
- ↑ details of each person depicted on postage stamps of Sudan can be found in the reference to their Wikipedia entry. If no direct or indirect reference to a Wikipedia entry, info has been added with individual reference
- ↑ postage stamp catalogue Stampworld.com https://www.stampworld.com/en/stamps/Sudan/Postage%20stamps/2000-2009?year=2008
- ↑ Stampworld catalogue: 1977 set "Campaign for the Liberation of Archbishop Capucci", https://www.stampworld.com/en/stamps/Sudan/Postage%20stamps/1970-1979?year=1977
- ↑ Nowar Gaffer, The Graduates Movement in Sudan 1918 - 1944, p. 128, in: Jurnal Sejarah; www.myjurnal.my/filebank/published_article/25243/Article__6.PDF
- 1 2 3 Official representations of the nation: comparing the postage stamps of Sudan and Burkina Faso [ permanent dead link ]. Kevane, Michael. African Studies Quarterly, Spring 2008. Retrieved on 2008-11-12.
- ↑ "Sudan".
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 Sudapost stamp gallery http://sudapost.sd/index.php/en/home/stamp_gallery/120
- ↑ US Army Area Handbook for the Republic of the Sudan,1964, p. 196; https://books.google.com/books?id=QU8sAAAAYAAJ&q=ahmed+yousif+hashim&pg=PP7
- 1 2 The Statesman's Year-Book 1955, p. 341; https://books.google.com/books?id=X0zODQAAQBAJ&dq=Mohammed+Ahmed+El+Mardi&pg=PA341
- ↑ "Sudan Flag » Presidency of the Republic - Presidential Palace".
- ↑ "Facing Genocide: The Nuba of Sudan — Sudan Open Archive".