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King Victor Emmanuel III was the monarch of the Kingdom of Italy, from 29 July 1900 until his abdication on 9 May 1946 and of Albania from April 1939 until May 1943.
During his reign Victor Emmanuel was served by a total of 21 prime ministers; 17 from Italy and 4 from Albania.
Italy | ||||
1 | Giuseppe Saracco | 24 June 1900 | 15 February 1901 | |
2 | Giuseppe Zanardelli | 15 February 1901 | 3 November 1903 | |
3 | Giovanni Giolitti | 3 November 1903 | 12 March 1905 | |
4 | Tommaso Tittoni | 12 March 1905 | 28 March 1905 | |
5 | Alessandro Fortis | 28 March 1905 | 8 February 1906 | |
6 | Sidney Sonnino | 8 February 1906 | 29 May 1906 | |
(3) | Giovanni Giolitti | 29 May 1906 | 11 December 1909 | |
(6) | Sidney Sonnino | 11 December 1909 | 31 March 1910 | |
7 | Luigi Luzzatti | 31 March 1910 | 30 March 1911 | |
(3) | Giovanni Giolitti | 30 March 1911 | 21 March 1914 | |
8 | Antonio Salandra | 21 March 1914 | 18 June 1916 | |
9 | Paolo Boselli | 18 June 1916 | 29 October 1917 | |
10 | Vittorio Emanuele Orlando | 29 October 1917 | 23 June 1919 | |
11 | Francesco Saverio Nitti | 23 June 1919 | 15 June 1920 | |
(3) | Giovanni Giolitti | 15 June 1920 | 4 July 1921 | |
12 | Ivanoe Bonomi | 4 July 1921 | 26 February 1922 | |
13 | Luigi Facta | 26 February 1922 | 31 October 1922 | |
14 | Benito Mussolini | 31 October 1922 | 25 July 1943 | |
15 | Pietro Badoglio | 25 July 1943 | 18 June 1944 | |
(12) | Ivanoe Bonomi | 18 June 1944 | 19 June 1945 | |
16 | Ferruccio Parri | 21 June 1945 | 8 December 1945 | |
17 | Alcide De Gasperi | 10 December 1945 | 9 May 1946 | |
Albania | ||||
No. | Portrait | Name | Date of ascension/Took office | Date of death/Left office |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Shefqet Vërlaci | 12 April 1939 | 4 December 1941 | |
2 | Mustafa Merlika-Kruja | 4 December 1941 | 19 January 1943 | |
3 | Ekrem Libohova | 19 January 1943 | 13 February 1943 | |
4 | Maliq Bushati | 13 February 1943 | 12 May 1943 | |
(3) | Ekrem Libohova | 12 May 1943 | 9 September 1943 | |
Charles Emmanuel I, known as the Great, was the Duke of Savoy and ruler of the Savoyard states from 30 August 1580 until his death almost 50 years later in 1630, he was the longest reigning Savoyard monarch at the time, only for his record to be surpassed by his great-grandson, Victor Amadeus II. He was nicknamed Testa d'feu for his rashness and military aggression.
Victor Amadeus I was the Duke of Savoy and ruler of the Savoyard states from 26 July 1630 until his death in 1637. He was also known as the Lion of Susa.
Victor Emmanuel I was the Duke of Savoy, King of Sardinia and ruler of the Savoyard states from 4 June 1802 until his reign ended in 1821 upon abdication due to a liberal revolution. Shortly thereafter, his brother Charles Felix ascended the throne as the new King of Sardinia. Victor Emmanuel was the son of King Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia and his wife, Maria Antonia Ferdinanda of Spain. In 1789, he married Maria Theresa of Austria-Este, with whom he had seven children, including the future Empress of Austria. He was the King of Sardinia during the Napoleonic Wars, where he regained Piedmont after Napoleon's defeat in 1814.
Victor Emmanuel II was King of Sardinia from 23 March 1849 until 17 March 1861, when he assumed the title of King of Italy and became the first king of an independent, united Italy since the 6th century, a title he held until his death in 1878. Borrowing from the old Latin title Pater Patriae of the Roman emperors, the Italians gave him the epithet of Father of the Fatherland.
Victor Emmanuel III, born Vittorio Emanuele Ferdinando Maria Gennaro di Savoia, was King of Italy from 29 July 1900 until his abdication on 9 May 1946. A member of the House of Savoy, he also reigned as Emperor of Ethiopia (1936–41) and King of the Albanians (1939–43) following the Italian invasions of Ethiopia and Albania. During his reign of nearly 46 years, which began after the assassination of his father Umberto I, the Kingdom of Italy became involved in two world wars. His reign also encompassed the birth, rise, and fall of the Fascist regime in Italy.
The House of Savoy is an Italian royal house that was established in 1003 in the historical Savoy region. Through gradual expansion, the family grew in power from ruling a small Alpine county north-west of Italy to absolute rule of the Kingdom of Sicily from 1713 to 1720, when they were handed the island of Sardinia, over which they would exercise direct rule from then onward.
The lek is the currency of Albania. Historically, it was subdivided into 100 qintars.
In Albania, World War II began with its invasion by Italy in April 1939. Fascist Italy set up Albania as its protectorate or puppet state. The resistance was largely carried out by Communist groups against the Italian and then German occupation in Albania. At first independent, the Communist groups united in the beginning of 1942, which ultimately led to the successful liberation of the country in 1944.
The House of Zogu, or Zogolli during Ottoman times and until 1922, is an Albanian dynastic family whose roots date back to the early 20th century. The family provided the first president and the short-lived modern Albanian Kingdom with its only monarch, Zog I of Albania (1928–1939).
While the medieval Angevin Kingdom of Albania was a monarchy, it did not fully encompass the entirety of modern Albania. Although discontent among Albanian nobles emerged by 1282 due to the Angevin king's unfulfilled promises, the kingdom did not end at that time. Instead, Albanian nobles sought the support of the Byzantine Emperor in Constantinople, but Angevin rule continued in the region for several more decades. During the Middle Ages their have been many different Albanian nobles who called themselves ruler of Albania, including Dhimitër Progoni, Andrea II Muzaka, Karl Thopia, and Skanderbeg.
Giovanni Messe was an Italian field marshal and politician. In the Second World War, he was captured in Tunisia but made chief of staff of the Italian Co-belligerent Army after the armistice of September 1943. Later, he was an elected representative in the Italian Senate. He is considered by many to have been the best Italian general of the war.
The Italian word luogotenente is an etymological parallel to lieutenant, deriving from the Latin locum tenens "holding a place", i.e. someone who fills a position instead of another, as a substitute or deputy.
Elena of Montenegro was Queen of Italy from 29 July 1900 until 9 May 1946 as the wife of King Victor Emmanuel III. As Victor Emmanuel's wife, she briefly claimed the titles Empress of Ethiopia and Queen of the Albanians; both titles were dropped when her husband formally renounced them in 1943. Elena was the daughter of King Nicholas I and Queen Milena of Montenegro. With the opening of the case for her canonization, she was made Servant of God by the Catholic Church in 2001.
Shefqet bey Vërlaci, also known as Shevket Verlaci, was an Albanian politician and wealthy landowner.
The Italian protectorate of Albania, also known as Italian Albania, the Kingdom of Albania or Greater Albania, existed as a puppet state and protectorate of Fascist Italy. It was practically a union between Italy and Albania, officially led by Italian King Victor Emmanuel III and its government: Albania was led by Italian governors, after being militarily occupied by Italy, from 1939 until 1943. During this time, Albania ceased to exist as an independent country and became an autonomous part of the Italian Empire. Officials intended to make Albania part of a Greater Italy by assimilating Albanians as Italians and colonizing Albania with Italian settlers from the Italian Peninsula to transform it gradually into an Italian land.
The Italian invasion of Albania was a brief military campaign which was launched by the Kingdom of Italy against the Albanian Kingdom in 1939. The conflict was a result of the imperialistic policies of the Italian prime minister and dictator Benito Mussolini. Albania was rapidly overrun, its ruler King Zog I went into exile in neighboring Greece, and the country was made a part of the Italian Empire as a protectorate in personal union with the Italian Crown.
Vasil Laçi, People's Hero of Albania, also referred to as Vasil Llaçi, was an Albanian patriot and anti-monarchist who attempted to kill Victor Emmanuel III, King of Italy and Shefqet Bej Vërlaci, Prime Minister of Albania after the occupation of Albania by fascist Italy.
Tefik Selim Mborja was an Albanian politician and lawyer. He served as the general secretary of the Albanian Fascist Party during the Second World War.
The Commemorative Medal for the Italo-Austrian War 1915–1918 is a campaign medal that was awarded by the Kingdom of Italy for participation in World War I.
The Mother Teresa Square is the second largest square in Tirana, Albania. It is named after the Albanian-born Indian Roman Catholic nun, missionary and Nobel Peace Prize laureate Mother Teresa.