Roads in Nepal are administered by three levels of Government as below:
# | Government | Administrative body | Coordination with | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Federal government | Department of Roads (under MoPIT) | National Highway | |
2 | Provincial government | TID or IDD or IDO (under MoPID) | DoLI | Provincial Highway |
3 | Local government | Municipal government | DoLI | Urban/rural road |
The Economic Survey 2022-23 released by the Ministry of Finance (Nepal), shows that until mid-March of 2023, the country had total road network of national roads length 34,100 km. This included national highway and other Strategic roads [1]
National Highways are administered by the Department of Roads under the Ministry of Physical Infrastructure and Transport (Nepal). According to the Statistics of National Highway SNH-2020/21 there are 80 National Highways in Nepal, with a total length of 11178.92 km. [2] 621 km (385.87 mi) more added to National Highway System in 2022/23. Now the total length of the national highway is 11,799.09 km (7,331.61 mi) [3]
There were only 21 National Highways in Nepal before 2021. In 2021, 59 more National highways were announced by the government and corrected the highway numbers. [4] [2]
The first Nepal Road Standard introduced by the Department of roads in 1970, classified roads into 4 types. [5] In the second Nepal Road Standard introduced in 2013, the types of the roads were the same. [6]
Nepal Road Standard (1970) | Nepal Road Standard (2013) |
---|---|
National Highway | National Highway |
Feeder Road | Feeder Road |
District/Panchayat Road | District Road |
City Road/Street | Urban Road |
SSRN 2004 published by the Department of roads in 2004 shows 12 National Highways and 51 Feeder roads in Nepal. [7] The SSRN 2017/18 shows that the number of national highways in the country has increased to 18 but the number of feeder roads has decreased. 3 more Highways added to National Highway later and more feeder road decreased. In 2021 SNH 2020/21 released by government shows all the previous feeder road either converted to new National Highways or cancelled the status of feeder roads and handed over to provincial governments.
S# | Highway Numbers | Name | Distance | Starting point | Ending point |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | H01 | Mahendra Highway | 1027 | Kakarabhitta | Gadda Chauki |
2 | H02 | Tribhuvan Highway | 160 | Tripureswor | Sirsiya border |
3 | H03 | Araniko Highway | 113 | Maitighar | Kodari |
4 | H04 | Prithvi Highway | 173 | Naubise | Prithvi Chowk |
5 | H05 | Madan Ashrit Highway | 36 | Narayanghat | Mugling |
6 | H06 | B.P. Koirala Highway | 206 | Barkhe khola | bardibas |
7 | H07 | Mechi Highway | 268 | Kechana | Gharila |
8 | H08 | Koshi Highway | 111 | Rani | Hile |
9 | H09 | Sagarmatha Highway | 179 | Kadmaha | Diktel |
10 | H10 | Siddhartha Highway | 147 | Belahiya | Prithvi Chowk |
11 | H11 | Rapti Highway | 169 | Ameliya | Khaula pass |
12 | H12 | Ratna Highway | 113 | Jamuniya | Bangesimal |
These Highways were added to SSRN 2017/18:-
13 | H13 | Karnali Highway | 233 | Bangeshimal | Jumla Khalanga |
14 | H14 | Mahakali Highway | 325 | Mohana Bridge | Tinkar pass |
15 | H15 | Seti Highway | 66 | Syaule Bazar | Samuha gad |
16 | H16 | Ring Road (Kathmandu) | 28 | Manohara | Satdobato |
17 | H17 | Postal Highway | 1005 | Bhadrapur | Kanchanpur |
18 | H18 | Pushpalal Highway | 1776 | Chiyo Bhanjyang | Jhulaghat |
3 more National Highway added to SSRN:
19 | H19 | Sabha–Bramhadev Highway | 13 | Sabha | Kanchanpur |
20 | H20 | Kathmandu–Terai Expressway | 82 | Kathmandu | Nijgadh |
21 | Kathmandu Outer Ring Road | 72 | Kathmandu | Kathmandu |
# | Highway Numbers | Highway Name | Length (KM) | start/end points | New number |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | F001 | 12.53 | Birtamod, Chandragadhi | NH04 | |
2 | F002 | 21.96 | Damak, Gauriganj | ||
3 | F003 | 17.75 | Bharda, Rajbiraj | ||
4 | F004 | 23.10 | Rupani, Kunauli | ||
5 | F005 | 26.66 | Chauharwa, Madar | part of NH20 | |
6 | F006 | 29.00 | Nawalpur, Sonbarsha | NH32 | |
7 | F007 | Birendra Highway | 45.00 | Chandranigahapur, Bairganiya | NH36 |
8 | F008 | 23.00 | Bardaghat, Harpur | ||
9 | F009 | 21 | Sunwal, Maheshpur | ||
10 | F010 | 33.00 | Jitpur, Khunuwa | NH50 | |
11 | F011 | 83.00 | Taulihawa, Sandhikharka | NH51 | |
12 | F012 | 20.00 | Chanauta, Krishnanagar | ||
13 | F013 | 131 | Ganaha Khola bridge, Darbot | NH53 | |
14 | F014 | 75.00 | Pyuthan, Ghorahi | part of NH09 | |
15 | F015 | 44.00 | Lamahi, Tulsipur | NH53 , part of NH09 | |
16 | F016 | 35.00 | Bhuregaun, Murtihawa | ||
17 | F017 | 34.00 | Junga, Bhimapur | ||
18 | F018 | 12.00 | Kalaiya, Birgunj | part of NH05 | |
19 | F019 | 12.00 | Bhaise, Bhimphedi | ||
20 | F020 | 21.00 | Kunchal, Kulekhani | ||
21 | F021 | NH18, NH42 | |||
22 | F022 | ||||
23 | F023 | ||||
24 | F024 | ||||
25 | F025 | ||||
26 | F026 | ||||
27 | F027 | ||||
28 | F028 | ||||
29 | F029 | ||||
30 | F030 | ||||
31 | F031 | NH31 | |||
32 | F032 | ||||
33 | F033 | NH23 | |||
34 | F034 | NH43 | |||
35 | F035 | NH44 | |||
36 | F036 | Bhanubhakta Acharya Highway | NH25 | ||
37 | F037 | Bharatpur Bypass Road | 5 km | ||
38 | F038 | Ratna Kumar Bantawa Highway | |||
39 | F039 | part of NH05 | |||
40 | F040 | part of NH03 | |||
41 | F041 | ||||
42 | F042 | NH48, part of NH03 | |||
43 | F043 | ||||
44 | F044 | part of NH05, NH52 | |||
45 | F045 | ||||
46 | F046 | part of NH05 | |||
47 | F047 | NH57, NH09 | |||
48 | F048 | NH60, NH03 | |||
49 | F049 | NH64 | |||
50 | F050 | part of NH03 | |||
51 | F051 | part of NH03 | |||
Newly Proposed Feeder Roads number were from F052 to F210. By this Nepal have altogether 210 Feeder Roads in Nepal.
# | Highway Numbers | Highway Name | Length (KM) | start/end points | New number |
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152 | |||||
153 | Hetauda Bypass Road | ||||
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197 | |||||
198 | Birgunj Bypass Road | ||||
199 | |||||
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202 | |||||
203 | |||||
204 | |||||
205 | |||||
206 | |||||
207 | |||||
208 | |||||
209 | |||||
210 | |||||
There are seven provinces in Nepal which have many provincial highways and provincial roads which are marked by province's government. Provincial highways or roads are marked as below:
# | Province | Code |
---|---|---|
1 | Koshi | PH-KO-001 |
2 | Madhesh | PH-MA-001 |
3 | Bagmati | PH-BA-001 |
4 | Lumbini | PH-LU-001 |
5 | Gandaki | PH-GA-001 |
6 | Karnali | PH-KA-001 |
7 | Sudurpashchim | PH-SU-001 |
'00' stands for highway or road numbers.
Election Constituency Strategic Road is a strategic road that connects each Constitutional area with a National Highway passing nearby. There are 165 Election Constituency Strategic Road in Nepal.
Urban/Rural roads are the roads that are administered by local government e.g. Municipality and Rural Municipality. The road codes of the Local roads are coded as follows:
"00" represents road numbers e.g. BUR01, KUR05
Nepal has special kind of road for agricultural areas and such roads are constructed by Department of Local Infrastructure. [8]
Nepal is a landlocked country where transportation is difficult due to the mountainous terrain. Modern transportation in Nepal has only started in the 20th century.
Mahakali Highway is a National Highway of Nepal located in Sudur Province. The total length of the highway is 364.93 km (226.76 mi), in which 234.93 km (145.98 mi) of the road has been paved.
The National Highway System of Nepal is the group of main roads in Nepal. Any highway or road that connects east to west and north to south is considered a National Highway of Nepal.
NH04 or Birtamod-Bhadrapur road is a short National Highway of Nepal, located in Jhapa District of Koshi Province. The total length of the highway is just 12.53 kilometres (7.79 mi). The road is fully black topped four lane National Highway.
Pasang Lhamu Highway is a 65 kilometres (40 mi) National Highway of Nepal located in the Bagmati Province it can be considered an alternative route of Trishuli Corridor (NH42) in Rasuwa District.
National Highway 19 (NH19) is a 163.93-kilometre (101.86 mi) National Highway located in Lumbini Province of Nepal.
National Highway NH40 (Thanapati-Samakhushi) is a national highway of Nepal. The highway is located in Kathmandu District and Nuwakot District of Bagmati Province. The total length of the highway is 29.52 kilometres (18.34 mi).
National Highway NH49 is a national highway in Nepal. The highway is located in Gulmi District in Lumbini Province. The total length of the highway is 48.40 kilometres (30.07 mi).
National Highway 50, NH50 (Maryadpur–Taulihawa–Jitpur) is a national highway in Nepal. The highway is located in Kapilvastu District in Lumbini Province. The total length of the highway is 33.05 kilometres (20.54 mi). It was a Feeder Road F010 which upgrade to NH50.
National Highway 51, NH51 is a national highway in Nepal. The highway is located in Kapilvastu District and Arghakhanchi District in Lumbini Province. The total length of the highway is 83.13 kilometres (51.65 mi). The 25.01 kilometres (15.54 mi) of road length is covered by Kapilvastu district and the remaining 58.12 kilometres (36.11 mi) of road is covered by Arghakhanchi District. It was a Feeder Road F011 which upgrade to NH51.
National Highway 52, NH52 is a national highway in Nepal located between Lumbini and Gandaki provinces of Nepal. The total length of the highway is 215.54 kilometres (133.93 mi). This new route has been given the form of a highway by connecting several feeder roads.
National Highway 53, NH53 is a national highway in Nepal located in Lumbini Province of Nepal. The total length of the highway is 127.92 kilometres (79.49 mi). Feeder road F013 was converted and upgraded into NH53.
Sahid Highway is a national highway in Nepal located in Lumbini Province. The total length of the highway is 223.91 kilometres (139.13 mi). Feeder road F138, F015 and F179 were converted and upgraded into NH54.
National Highway 59, NH59 is a proposed national highway in Nepal which is being constructed in Karnali Province. The total length of the highway is supposed to be 187.91 kilometres (116.76 mi). According to SNH2020-21 53.74 kilometres (33.39 mi) of the road has already been opened and 33.74 km (20.97 mi) of the road has been paved.
National Highway 61, NH61 is a proposed national highway in Nepal which is being conducted in Karnali Province. The total length of the highway is supposed to be 164.62 kilometres (102.29 mi). According to SNH2020-21 115 kilometres (71 mi) of the road has already been opened and 100 km (62.14 mi) of the road has been paved.
National Highway 62, NH62 is a proposed national highway in Nepal which is being constructed in Sudurpashchim Province. The total length of the highway is supposed to be 240.98 kilometres (149.74 mi). According to SNH2020-21 70.98 kilometres (44.10 mi) of the road has already been opened and 54.47 km (33.85 mi) of the road has been paved.
National Highway 65, NH65 is a proposed national highway in Nepal, located in Sudurpashchim Province. The total length of the highway is 304.94 kilometres (189.48 mi) of which 64 km (39.77 mi) has been opened.
National Highway 68 (NH68) is a proposed national highway in Nepal located in Gandaki and Lumbini Provinces of Nepal. The total length of the highway is 83.10 kilometres (51.64 mi) in which 10.17 km (6.32 mi) of the track has been opened.
National Highway 70 (NH70) is a national highway in Nepal located in Gandaki province. The total length of the highway is 52.31 kilometres (32.50 mi)
National Highway 71 (NH71) is a proposed national highway in Nepal located in Lumbini Province. The total length of the highway is 160.69 kilometres (99.85 mi)