Plastic surgery is a surgical specialty involving the restoration, reconstruction, or alteration of the human body. It can be divided into two categories. The first is reconstructive surgery which includes craniofacial surgery, hand surgery, microsurgery, and the treatment of burns. The other is cosmetic or aesthetic surgery. While reconstructive surgery aims to reconstruct a part of the body or improve its functioning, cosmetic surgery aims at improving the appearance of it. Both of these techniques are used throughout the world.
Operation Smile is a nonprofit medical service organization founded in 1982 by Dr. William P. Magee, Jr. and his wife Kathy Magee. It is headquartered in Virginia Beach, Virginia.
Facial rejuvenation is a cosmetic treatment, which aims to restore a youthful appearance to the human face. Facial rejuvenation can be achieved through either surgical and/or non-surgical options. Procedures can vary in invasiveness and depth of treatment. Surgical procedures can restore facial symmetry through targeted procedures and facial restructuring and skin alterations. Non-surgical procedures can target specific depths of facial structures and treat localized facial concerns such as wrinkles, skin laxity, hyperpigmentation and scars.
Encephalocele, sometimes known as cranium bifidum, is a neural tube defect characterized by sac-like protrusions of the brain and the membranes that cover it through openings in the skull. These defects are caused by failure of the neural tube to close completely during fetal development. Encephaloceles cause a groove down the middle of the skull, or between the forehead and nose, or on the back side of the skull. The severity of encephalocele varies, depending on its location.
The Queen Victoria Hospital (QVH), located in East Grinstead, West Sussex, England is the specialist reconstructive surgery centre for the south east of England, and also provides services at clinics across the region. It has become world-famous for its pioneering burns and plastic surgery. The hospital was named after Queen Victoria. It is managed by the Queen Victoria Hospital NHS Foundation Trust.
Peter E M Butler, MD, FRCSI, FRCS, FRCS(Plast) is Professor of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery at University College London. He is consultant plastic surgeon and head of the face transplantation team at the Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust in London, United Kingdom. He is Director of the Charles Wolfson Center for Reconstructive Surgery at the Royal Free Hospital, which was launched in November by The Right Honourable George Osborne, MP, Chancellor of the Exchequer at No 11 Downing Street in November 2013.
Dr. William P. Magee, Jr., D.D.S., M.D., an American plastic and craniofacial surgeon, founded Operation Smile in 1982, with his wife, Kathleen S. Magee, B.S.N., M.Ed., M.S.W., and serves as the organization's Chief Executive Officer. Operation Smile is a private, non-profit volunteer medical services organization providing reconstructive surgery and related health care to indigent children and young adults in developing countries and the United States.
CURE International is a Christian nonprofit organization based in Spring Lake, Michigan. CURE's efforts are focused on providing medical care to children suffering primarily from orthopedic and neurological conditions. The organization's stated mission is "healing the sick and proclaiming the kingdom of God." The organization operates hospitals in Afghanistan, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Niger, the Philippines, Uganda, the United Arab Emirates and Zambia. The organization also runs specialty programs for clubfoot and hydrocephalus in an additional 19 countries including Bangladesh and Honduras.
A jaw abnormality is a disorder in the formation, shape and/or size of the jaw. In general abnormalities arise within the jaw when there is a disturbance or fault in the fusion of the mandibular processes. The mandible in particular has the most differential typical growth anomalies than any other bone in the human skeleton. This is due to variants in the complex symmetrical growth pattern which formulates the mandible.
John Reinisch is an American physician specializing in plastic surgery. He is a pioneer in the field of pediatric plastic surgery, and developed the Medpor method of ear reconstruction for treatment of microtia. He founded the division of plastic surgery at Children's Hospital Los Angeles in 1983 and was also chairman of the division of plastic surgery at the University of Southern California, where he remains on the faculty. He is currently the director of Craniofacial and Pediatric Plastic Surgery at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and a plastic surgeon at Cedars-Sinai Medical Group. He is also director of the Center for Ear Reconstruction. He developed many of the techniques currently in use for treatment of microtia, cleft lip and palate, wound care, post operative pain relief, vascular and pigmented birth marks, and the use of tissue expansion in children. He has an international practice that was built in part on his early adoption of the use of telemedicine.
Andrew A. Jacono, M.D., FACS is an American Plastic Surgeon and creator of the M.A.D.E. facelift, a minimally invasive hybrid facelift. Jacono starred in the Discovery Fit & Health television program Facing Trauma, as the volunteer surgeon who reconstructed faces disfigured in abusive relationships and other violent circumstances.
Babak Azizzadeh, MD, FACS is the founder and president of the FPBPF, a non-profit organization committed to the treatment of individuals with facial paralysis and Bell's palsy. The U.S. News & World Report recently awarded Dr. Azizzadeh with the prestigious ranking of “Top Doctor” in his medical field.
Facing Africa is a UK registered charity providing funds for the visits of teams of voluntary surgeons from the UK, Germany, France, Spain and Netherlands to Ethiopia to carry out facial reconstructive surgery on the victims of the disease noma, and the acquisition of related surgical equipment, consumables and disposables for hospitals in Addis Ababa. The charity was founded in 1998. Facing Africa is a charity that deals with the 10% of survivors of noma, those who have survived the early stages but who will be left with the effects of this disease.
Long Island Plastic Surgical Group (LIPSG) was founded in April 1948 and is the oldest and largest private academic plastic surgery practice in the United States. The group currently has eight offices in New York, including Garden City, East Hills, Babylon, Huntington, Manhattan, Flushing, Brooklyn-Downtown, and Brooklyn-Park Slope. The practice operates with twenty plastic and reconstructive surgeons who were trained at institutions including Memorial Sloan–Kettering Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic and Massachusetts General Hospital. LIPSG is composed of nine centers: Skincare and Age Management; Non-invasive and Surgical Facial Rejuvenation; Pediatric Plastic and Craniofacial Surgery; Facial Reanimation and Peripheral Nerve Repair; Microsurgery and Hand Reconstruction; Breast and Body Cosmetic Surgery; Burns and Complex Wound Management; Breast Reconstruction Cancer Surgery; and Post-Weight Loss Cosmetic and Reconstructive Surgery.
McGillivray syndrome is a rare syndrome characterized mainly by heart defects, skull and facial abnormalities and ambiguous genitalia. The symptoms of this syndrome are ventricular septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, small jaw, undescended testes, and webbed fingers. Beside to these symptoms there are more symptoms which is related with bone structure and misshape.
Richard Zoumalan MD, F.A.C.S. is an American plastic surgeon, recognized for his role and contribution to plastic surgery with several books and publications on different platforms. He is also known for his research in plastic surgery and reconstructive surgery. Zoumalan is in private practice specializing in facial plastic and reconstructive surgery and has offices in Beverly Hills and New York City. He is the owner of Rhinopedia, founder of Natural Structure Rhinoplasty, and the founder of the nonprofit foundation A Change of F.A.C.E. organization.
The Overseas Plastic Surgery Appeal is a registered charity in the UK, that exists to provide free facial surgery for poor children and young adults in Pakistan. The OPSA team operate on facial abnormalities including cleft lip and palate.
Anthony David Holmes AO is a plastic and reconstructive surgeon who trained in both Australia and the United States, and is qualified in both countries. His primary interest is facial reconstruction and he has developed several new procedures. His most high profile surgery was in 2009 when he worked with a large team of experts to separate the Bangladeshi conjoined twins Trishna and Krishna. In 1990 he created the Children's Craniofacial Foundation of Australia which has subsequently been re-named The Jigsaw Foundation.
Patrick Wensley Clarkson,, was a plastic surgeon at Guy's Hospital in London, best known for surgery of the hand and the description of "Poland Syndactyly", later termed Poland syndrome.
Michael K. Obeng, M.D., F.A.C.S., is a Ghanian plastic surgeon and television personality. Obeng currently practices in Beverly Hills, California and is affiliated with the Cedars-Sinai Medical Center. He is known for his appearances on the E! television network reality show "Second Wives Club" and for his work with former Baywatch star Donna D'Errico.
