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Cyprus, officially the Republic of Cyprus, is an island country located south of the Anatolian Peninsula in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. It is geographically in Western Asia, but its cultural ties and geopolitics are overwhelmingly Southeastern European. Cyprus is the third-largest and third-most populous island in the Mediterranean. It is located north of Egypt, east of Greece, south of Turkey, and west of Lebanon and Syria. Its capital and largest city is Nicosia. The northeast portion of the island is de facto governed by the self-declared Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.
Northern Cyprus, officially the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, is a de facto state that comprises the northeastern portion of the island of Cyprus. Recognised only by Turkey, Northern Cyprus is considered by the international community to be part of the Republic of Cyprus.
The Annan Plan, also known as the Cyprus reunification plan, was a United Nations proposal to resolve the Cyprus dispute. The different parts of the proposal were based on the argumentation put forward by each party in meetings held under the auspices of the UN. The proposal was to restructure the Republic of Cyprus to become the "United Republic of Cyprus", a federation of two states. It was revised a number of times before it was put to the people of Cyprus in a 2004 referendum, and was supported by 65% of Turkish Cypriots, but only 24% of Greek Cypriots.
Akrotiri and Dhekelia, officially the Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia (SBA), is a British Overseas Territory on the island of Cyprus. The areas, which include British military bases and installations, as well as other land, were retained by the British under the 1960 treaty of independence, signed by the United Kingdom, Greece, Turkey and representatives from the Greek and Turkish Cypriot communities, which granted independence to the (then) Crown colony of Cyprus. The territory serves an important role as a station for signals intelligence and provides a vital strategic part of the United Kingdom surveillance-gathering network in the Mediterranean and the Middle East.
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The Turkish invasion of Cyprus began on 20 July 1974 and progressed in two phases over the following month. Taking place upon a background of intercommunal violence between Greek and Turkish Cypriots, and in response to a Greek junta-sponsored Cypriot coup d'état five days earlier, it led to the Turkish capture and occupation of the northern part of the island.
The National Federation of Cypriots in the United Kingdom is a London-based umbrella organisation incorporating Cypriot associations in the United Kingdom. Its member associations include "refugee organisations; village organisations; missing persons organisations; UK branches of Cypriot political parties; educational societies; cultural, professional, sports and student groups; and philanthropic organisations".
Cypriot refugees are the Cypriot nationals or Cyprus residents who had their main residence in an area forcibly evacuated during the Cyprus conflict. The government of Cyprus also recognizes as refugees the descendants of the original refugees in the male line regardless of place of birth.
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This page list topics related to Cyprus.
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The Linobambaki or Linovamvaki were a Crypto-Christian community in Cyprus, predominantly of Catholic and Greek Orthodox descent who were persecuted for their religion during Ottoman rule. They assimilated into the Turkish Cypriot community during British rule.
Cyprus v. Turkey (IV) (2001) is a case raised by Cyprus against Turkey in 1994 and decided on merits by the Grand Chamber of the European Court of Human Rights in 2001. It concerns the situation existing in Northern Cyprus after 1974 Turkish invasion of Cyprus and the de facto separation of the Mediterranean island.
Human rights in Northern Cyprus are protected by the constitution of Northern Cyprus. However, there have been reports of violations of the human rights of minorities, democratic freedom, freedom from discrimination, freedom from torture, freedom of movement, freedom of religion, freedom of speech, right to education, right to life, right to property, and the rights of displaced persons. The rights of Greek Cypriots displaced by the 1974 Turkish invasion of Cyprus, notably their rights to property and right of return, is one of the focal points of ongoing negotiations for the solution of the Cyprus question.
Bloody Christmas is a term used mainly, but not exclusively, in Turkish Cypriot and Turkish historiography, referring to the outbreak of intercommunal violence between the Greek Cypriots and the Turkish Cypriots during the Cyprus crisis of 1963–64, on the night of 20–21 December 1963 and the subsequent period of island-wide violence amounting to civil war. The death toll for the entire conflict between December and August amounts to 364 Turkish Cypriots and 174 Greek Cypriots; of these, 136 Turkish Cypriots and 30 Greek Cypriots were killed in the initial period between 21 December and 1 January. Approximately 25,000 Turkish Cypriots from 104 villages, amounting to a quarter of the Turkish Cypriot population, fled their villages and were displaced into enclaves. Thousands of Turkish Cypriot houses left behind were ransacked or completely destroyed. Around 1,200 Armenian Cypriots and 500 Greek Cypriots were also displaced. This initial episode of violence lasted until 31 December and was somewhat subdued with the start of peace talks at the London Conference, but outbursts of violence continued thereafter. The violence precipitated the end of Turkish Cypriot representation in the Republic of Cyprus.
Ayios Theodoros Karpasias is a village at the base of the Karpas peninsula of Cyprus, which dates back, in the 2nd century B.C. It is built in an area rich in archaeological sites of the earliest periods in history and attesting to a highly developed civilization in the area from the time of the Cretan Mycean civilisation. Many ancient Greek tombs, one inscription dated in the 2nd century B.C. and a milestone of the 1st century AD indicate that people formed a community at the very same location for over 2000 years. Nearby is the famous Cape Elea covered with low forest and thousands of olive trees. At the seashore the remains exist of an ancient city, Elea, destroyed by earthquakes in 343 A.D. After the city's destruction, the surviving inhabitants moved towards the site which is now Ayios Theodoros.
The “Namibia exception” identifies the Advisory Opinion issued on 21 June 1971 by the International Court of Justice (I.C.J), the principal judicial organ of the United Nations (UN). The opinion refers to the "Legal Consequences for States of the Continued Presence of South Africa in Namibia notwithstanding Security Council Resolution 276 (1970)".
References
- ↑ Cyprus: a troubled island, by Andrew Borowiec, p.157, Google books.
- ↑ Cyprus: "illegal" regime being taken to the US courts [ permanent dead link ] Overseas Property Professional
- ↑ The continued systematic and deliberate cultural destruction by Turkey and its agents in the occupied areas of the Republic of Cyprus (submitted to the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation), Lobby for Cyprus (sponsored by the Ayios Amvrosios Association).
- ↑ Lobby for Cyprus Visit to the European Parliament ..., PSEKA International Coordinating Committee, Justice for Cyprus, 24 July 2002.
- ↑ Sugar's Illegal 'Apprentice' Archived 2011-10-24 at the Wayback Machine Ta Nea newspaper, 1 November 2010.
