Chiricahua is a band of Apache Native Americans.
Cochise was leader of the Chihuicahui local group of the Chokonen and principal nantan of the Chokonen band of the Chiricahua Apache. A key war leader during the Apache Wars,he led an uprising that began in 1861 and persisted until a peace treaty was negotiated in 1872. Cochise County is named after him.
The 2nd Cavalry Regiment,also known as the 2nd Dragoons,is an active Stryker infantry and cavalry regiment of the United States Army. The Second Cavalry Regiment is a unit of the United States Army Europe and Africa,with its garrison at the Rose Barracks in Vilseck,Germany. It can trace its lineage back to the early part of the 19th century.
Jicarilla Apache,one of several loosely organized autonomous bands of the Eastern Apache,refers to the members of the Jicarilla Apache Nation currently living in New Mexico and speaking a Southern Athabaskan language. The term jicarilla comes from Mexican Spanish meaning "little basket",referring to the small sealed baskets they used as drinking vessels. To neighboring Apache bands,such as the Mescalero and Lipan,they were known as Kinya-Inde.
The Apache Wars were a series of armed conflicts between the United States Army and various Apache tribal confederations fought in the southwest between 1849 and 1886,though minor hostilities continued until as late as 1924. The United States inherited conflicts between American settlers and Apache tribes when Mexico ceded territory after the Mexican–American War in 1846. These conflicts were continued as new United States citizens came into traditional Apache lands to raise livestock,crops and to mine minerals.
The 1st Cavalry Regiment is a United States Army regiment that has its antecedents in the early 19th century in the formation of the United States Regiment of Dragoons. To this day,the unit's special designation is "First Regiment of Dragoons". While they were the First Regiment of Dragoons another unit designated the 1st Cavalry Regiment was formed in 1855 and in 1861 was re-designated as the 4th Cavalry Regiment. The First Dragoons became the 1st Cavalry Regiment since they were the oldest mounted regiment.
The Battle of Leliefontein was an engagement between British-Canadian and Boer forces during the Second Boer War on 7 November 1900,at the Komati River 30 kilometres (19 mi) south of Belfast at the present day Nooitgedacht Dam.
Thomas Jefferson Jeffords was a United States Army scout,Indian agent,prospector,and superintendent of overland mail in the Arizona Territory. His friendship with Apache leader Cochise was instrumental in ending the Indian wars in that region. He first met Cochise when he rode alone into Cochise's camp in 1871 to request that the chief come to Canada Alamosa for peace talks. Cochise declined at least in part because he was afraid to travel with his family after the recent Camp Grant Massacre. Three months later he made the trip and stayed for over six months during which time their friendship grew while the negotiations failed. Cochise was unwilling to accept the Tularosa Valley as his reservation and home. In October 1872,Jeffords led General Oliver O. Howard to Cochise's Stronghold,believed to be China Meadow,in the Dragoon Mountains. Cochise demanded and got the Dragoon and Chiricahua Mountains as his reservation and Tom Jeffords as his agent. From 1872 to 1876,there was peace in southern Arizona. Then renegade Apaches killed Nicholas Rogers who had sold them whiskey and the cry went out to abolish the reservation and remove Jeffords as agent. Tom Jeffords embarked on a series of ventures as sutler and postmaster at Fort Huachuca,head of the first Tucson water company trying to bring artesian water to that city,and as prospector and mine owner and developer. He died at Owl Head Buttes in the Tortolita Mountains 35 miles north of Tucson.
The Battle of Cieneguilla was an engagement of the Jicarilla War involving a group of Jicarilla Apaches,possibly their Ute allies,and the American 1st Cavalry Regiment on March 30,1854 near what is now Pilar,New Mexico. The Santa Fe Weekly Gazette reported that the action "was one of the severest battles that ever took place between American troops and Red Indians." It was one of the first significant battles between American and Apache forces and was also part of the Ute Wars,in which Ute warriors attempted to resist Westward expansion in the Four Corners region.
Dohäsan,Dohosan,Tauhawsin,Tohausen,or Touhason was a prominent Native American. He was War Chief of the Kata or Arikara band of the Kiowa Indians,and then Principal Chief of the entire Kiowa Tribe,a position he held for an extraordinary 33 years. He is best remembered as the last undisputed Principal Chief of the Kiowa people before the Reservation Era,and the battlefield leader of the Plains Tribes in the largest battle ever fought between the Plains tribes and the United States.
The First Battle of Dragoon Springs was a minor skirmish between a small troop of Confederate dragoons of Governor John R. Baylor's Arizona Rangers,and a band of Apache warriors during the American Civil War. It was fought on May 5,1862,near the present-day town of Benson,Arizona,in Confederate Arizona.
The Battle of Ojo Caliente Canyon,or simply the Battle of Ojo Caliente was an engagement of the Jicarilla War on April 8,1854. Combatants were Jicarilla Apache warriors,and their Ute allies,against the United States Army. The skirmish was fought as result of the pursuit of the Jicarilla after the Battle of Cieneguilla just over a week earlier.
The Second Battle of Dragoon Springs was one of two skirmishes involving Apache warriors and Confederate soldiers in Arizona. It was fought during the American Civil War on May 9,1862,and was a response to the First Battle of Dragoon Springs in which Confederate forces were defeated. Four men were killed in the first skirmish and several heads of livestock were captured. The rebel commander Captain Sherod Hunter,ordered his foraging squad to take back the livestock from Cochise's warriors,during which five Apaches were killed. There were no Confederate casualties.
Enoch Steen was a United States military officer and western explorer. He joined the United States Army in 1832,serving at posts throughout the United States,including many remote locations in the west. During his military service,Steen explored parts of the western United States including large areas of southern New Mexico and southeastern Oregon. He served as the commander of several Union Army forts during the American Civil War. Today,there are landmarks in Oklahoma,Oregon,and New Mexico named in his honor;however,many of the place names are misspelled as Stein.
The Jicarilla War began in 1849 and was fought between the Jicarilla Apaches and the United States Army in the New Mexico Territory. Ute warriors also played a significant role in the conflict as they were allied with the Jicarillas. The war started when the Apaches and Utes began raiding against settlers on the Santa Fe Trail. Eventually,in 1853,the U.S. Army retaliated which resulted in a series of battles and campaigns that ended in 1854 when a large military expedition managed to quell most of the violence. However,some minor skirmishing continued into 1855.
Dragoon Springs is an historic site in what is now Cochise County,Arizona,at an elevation of 4,925 feet (1,501 m). The name comes from a nearby natural spring,Dragoon Spring,to the south in the Dragoon Mountains at 5,148 feet (1,569 m). The name originates from the 3rd U.S. Cavalry Dragoons who battled the Chiricahua,including Cochise,during the Apache Wars. The Dragoons established posts around 1856 after the Gadsden Purchase made the area a U.S. territory.
Dragoon Wells Massacre is a 1957 American CinemaScope DeLuxe Color Western film directed by Harold D. Schuster starring Barry Sullivan,Dennis O'Keefe,Mona Freeman and Katy Jurado. The supporting cast features Sebastian Cabot,Jack Elam and Hank Worden.
Fort Massachusetts was a military installation built in the San Luis Valley in Southern Colorado. It was located near the western bank of Ute Creek on the base of Mount Blanca and sat at an elevation of 8,000 feet.
Flechas Rayadas or Striped Arrows was a Jicarilla Apache chief of the band that,together with Francisco Chacon's warriors,defeated Lieutenant Davidson's detachment of 60 men from the First Regiment of Dragoons in the Battle of Cieneguilla,in the Embudo Mountains,on April 4,1854,killing 22 and wounding 36. On April 7,as Lieutenant Colonel Cooke was pursuing the Jicarillas,General Garland sent word to Cooke that Flechas Rayadas had offered to return all the horses and arms captured in that fight if peace could be made;the chief's proposal was rejected.
Francisco Chacon was a Jicarilla Apache chief,leader in the Jicarilla uprising of 1854. He led the band that defeated the Davidson detachment of the First Regiment of Dragoons in the Battle of Cieneguilla:the Jicarilla,led by Francisco Chacon,their principal chief,and Flechas Rayadas,fought with flintlock rifles and arrows,killing 22 and a wounding another 36 of 60 dragoon soldiers,who then retreated to Ranchos de Taos lighter by 22 horses and most of the troops' supplies.
