The Local Government Board for Scotland was the body charged with overseeing local government, public health, housing and poor law of Scotland from 1894 to 1919.
The board was established by the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1894. The new body took over the powers and duties of the Board of Supervision which had supervised poor law provision since 1845. The board had three ex officio members and three appointed members. The ex officio members were the Secretary for Scotland (who was the president of the board), the Solicitor General for Scotland and the Under-Secretary for Scotland. Of the three appointed members, one was to be the vice-president of the board, the second a member of the Faculty of Advocates of not less than three years' standing, and the third a medical practitioner with a diploma in sanitary science or public health, or who had been the medical officer of a county or burgh for at least five years.
The first members of the board were [1] -
The Public Health (Scotland) Act 1897 (60 & 61 Vict. c. 38) made the LGBS the "central authority" for public health in Scotland. The board was empowered to carry out inquiries into the sanitary conditions of any district. These inquiries could be initiated by the board's own inspectors or by written application of a parish council or ten ratepayers of a district. The board was given the power to appoint commissioners to carry out inquiries, and legal penalties could be imposed on anybody refusing to respond to a summons issued by the board, or who gave false evidence to an inquiry. Under the Cremation Act 1902 (2 Edw. 7. c. 8) it became compulsory for the board to approve the plans and site for any proposed crematoria.
The LGBS was abolished in 1919 and replaced by the Scottish Board of Health. [2]
Sir Edwin Chadwick KCB was an English social reformer who is noted for his leadership in reforming the Poor Laws in England and instituting major reforms in urban sanitation and public health. A disciple of Utilitarian philosopher Jeremy Bentham, he was most active between 1832 and 1854; after that he held minor positions, and his views were largely ignored. Chadwick pioneered the use of scientific surveys to identify all phases of a complex social problem, and pioneered the use of systematic long-term inspection programmes to make sure the reforms operated as planned.
The Scottish Office was a department of the Government of the United Kingdom from 1885 until 1999, exercising a wide range of government functions in relation to Scotland under the control of the Secretary of State for Scotland. Following the establishment of the Scottish Parliament in 1999, most of its work was transferred to the newly established Scottish Executive, with a small residue of functions retained by the Scotland Office.
The Local Government Board (LGB) was a British Government supervisory body overseeing local administration in England and Wales from 1871 to 1919.
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Biggleswade was a rural district in Bedfordshire, England from 1894 to 1974. As initially created the district entirely surrounded but did not include Biggleswade, which was an urban district in its own right. In 1927 the parish of Sandy, which bordered Biggleswade, also became an urban district, leaving an island of two urban districts surrounded by the rural district.
The Local Government Act 1894 was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that reformed local government in England and Wales outside the County of London. The Act followed the reforms carried out at county level under the Local Government Act 1888. The 1894 legislation introduced elected councils at district and parish level.
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Gavin Milroy (1805–1886) was a Scottish physician and medical writer.
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