The Finish locomotive H2 293 is a memorial-locomotive, displayed at the Finland Station in Saint Petersburg. It gained historical relevance when Vladimir Lenin fled Petrograd in 1917 while disguised as a stoker.
The Finish locomotive H2 293 is a memorial-locomotive, displayed at the Finland Station in Saint Petersburg. It gained historical relevance when Vladimir Lenin fled Petrograd in 1917 while disguised as a stoker.
The 2 C-Steam locomotive was manufactured in 1900 by the Richmond Locomotive Works with the factory number 2991 and was delivered to the Finnish State Railways as the H2 293. [1] [2]
Lenin arrived in Petrograd on April 16 [ O.S. April 3] 1917 after travelling through Germany and Sweden on his return from Swiss exile in a sealed train.
Lenin had to flee Petrograd on the August 9 [ O.S. July 27] 1917 after the provisional government under Alexander Kerensky put him up for arrest. He disguised himself as a stoker and drove past the border to Finland with train driver Hugo Jalawa on the locomotive H2 293 in order to go into hiding. He returned to Petrograd using the same method on October 7 [ O.S. September 24] 1917 hid in a working class district on the Vyborg Side where he then started the October Revolution, bringing down the Kerenski-Regime. The Locomotive H2 293 (known as Hk1 293 since 1942) continued operating until 1957 in service to the Finnish Railway(VR) [3]
On June 13, 1957, the VR gifted the locomotive to the Soviet Union and was subsequently displayed behind glass at the Finland Station in Leningrad. [1]
VR-Group Plc, commonly known as VR, is a government-owned railway company in Finland. VR's most important function is the operation of Finland's passenger rail services with 250 long-distance and 800 commuter rail services every day. With 7,500 employees and net sales of €1,251 million in 2017, VR is one of the most significant operators in the Finnish public transport market area.
The April Theses were a series of ten directives issued by the Bolshevik leader Vladimir Lenin upon his April 1917 return to Petrograd from his exile in Switzerland via Germany and Finland. The theses were mostly aimed at fellow Bolsheviks in Russia and returning to Russia from exile. He called for soviets to seize state power, denounced liberals and social revolutionaries in the Provisional Government, called for Bolsheviks not to cooperate with the government, and called for new communist policies. The April Theses influenced the July Days and October Revolution in the next months and are identified with Leninism.
The Kerensky–Krasnov uprising was an attempt by Alexander Kerensky to crush the October Revolution and regain power after the Bolsheviks overthrew his government in Petrograd. It took place between 8 and 13 November 1917 [O.S. 26 and 31 October].
A fireman, stoker or boilerman, is a person whose occupation it is to tend the fire for the running of a boiler, heating a building, or powering a steam engine. Much of the job is hard physical labor, such as shoveling fuel, typically coal, into the boiler's firebox. On steam locomotives the title fireman is usually used, while on steamships and stationary steam engines, such as those driving saw mills, the title is usually stoker. The German word Heizer is equivalent and in Dutch the word stoker is mostly used too. The United States Navy referred to them as watertenders.
The Finnish railway network consists of a total track length of 9,216 km (5,727 mi). The railways are built with a broad 1,524 mm track gauge, of which 3,249 km (2,019 mi) is electrified. Passenger trains are operated by the state-owned enterprise VR that runs services on 7,225 km (4,489 mi) of track. These services cover all major cities and many rural areas, though the coverage is less than the coverage provided by the bus services. Most passenger train services originate or terminate at Helsinki Central railway station, and a large proportion of the passenger rail network radiates out of Helsinki. VR also operates freight services. Maintenance and construction of the railway network itself is the responsibility of the Finnish Rail Administration, which is a part of the Finnish Transport Agency. The network consists of six areal centres, that manage the use and maintenance of the routes in co-operation. Cargo yards and large stations may have their own signalling systems.
Richmond Locomotive Works was a steam locomotive manufacturing firm located in Richmond, Virginia.
Fritz Platten was a Swiss communist politician and one of the founders of the Communist International.
St Petersburg–Finlyandsky, also known as Finland Station, is a railway station in St. Petersburg, Russia, handling transport to westerly destinations including Helsinki and Vyborg.
The history of rail transport in Finland began on January 31, 1862, with the opening of the railway line between Helsinki and Hämeenlinna. By 1900 most of the future main lines had been constructed, including the line to St. Petersburg. By the time of the birth of the new Finnish Republic in 1917 lines connected all major cities, major ports, and reached as far as the Swedish border, and inner Finland as far north as Kontiomäki in Paltamo region, as well as eastwards into Karelia.
Joseph Stalin was the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union's Central Committee from 1922 until his death in 1953. In the years following Lenin's death in 1924, he rose to become the leader of the Soviet Union.
The Hr1 class was the largest passenger express steam locomotive built in Finland. Twenty-two were built between the years 1937–1957. They were numbered 1000–1021.
The Russian locomotive class Ye, and subclasses Yea, Yek, Yel, Yef, Yem, Yemv and Yes were a series of 2-10-0 locomotives built by American builders for the Russian railways in World War I and again in World War II. They were lightweight engines with relatively low axle loadings.
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VR Class Pr1 was a tank steam locomotive for local passenger services of Finnish railways.
The VR Class Tr1 is a class of heavy freight locomotive built in Finland and Germany. Before 1942 VR Class Tr1s originally had the class name R1. They were nicknamed “Risto”, after the Finnish President Risto Ryti. They were numbered 1030–1096.
Russian steam locomotive U-127 is a 4-6-0 locomotive of type Russian locomotive class U, preserved at the Museum of the Moscow Railway next to Paveletsky Rail Terminal in Moscow. The locomotive was the first Russian steam locomotive preserved.
The Operation Faustschlag, also known as the Eleven Days' War, was a Central Powers offensive in World War I. It was the last major offensive on the Eastern Front.
Events from the year 1917 in Russia.
The statue of Lenin at Finland Station in Saint Petersburg is one of the most famous statues of Vladimir Lenin in Russia. Erected in 1926, it was one of the first large-scale statues of Lenin, being completed within three years of his death. It depicts the man making a speech from atop an armoured car, soon after his 1917 arrival at the station from exile abroad. It was designed in an early constructivist style by sculptor Sergei A. Evseev and architects Vladimir Shchuko and Vladimir Helfreich. The style and pose of the statue were imitated by later works. The statue is one of few in Saint Petersburg that survived after the fall of the Soviet Union. It was damaged in a 2009 bomb attack but has since been repaired.