Love and Malice | |
---|---|
Opera by Vatroslav Lisinski | |
Native title | Ljubav i zloba |
Librettist | Dimitrija Demeter |
Language | Croatian |
Premiere |
Love and Malice (Croatian : Ljubav i zloba) is an opera in two acts composed by Vatroslav Lisinski to a libretto by Dimitrija Demeter. It premiered on 28 March 1846 in Zagreb and is considered to be the first Croatian national opera, making Croatia the second Slavic nation to have its national opera. Its premiere had been delayed when the singer who was to take the leading male role was shot and seriously injured during the Austrian crackdown on Croatian nationalists in July 1845. Most of the protestors who were shot were (like the composer himself) adherents of the Illyrian Movement. [1] [2] [3] [4]
Members of the Illyrian movement thought for a long time that someone should write a Croatian national opera based on the first Slavic national opera A Life for the Tsar by Mikhail Glinka. [5] Young Lisinski, author of music for reveille Prosto zrakom ptica leti (Bird flies freely through the air), seemed as a good choice.
Libretto for opera was written by Josip Car who based it on the idea of Alberto Ognjen Štriga. Libretto was then reworked by Dimitrija Demeter (who is considered to be its author), while the instrumentation was refined by JK Wisner Morgenstern, Lisinski's music teacher. [5]
Events surrounding the July victims in the summer of 1845 delayed rehearsals and premiere for March of 1846.
When Lisinski and Demeter finished the Opera, they contacted Countess Sidonija Rubido, opera singer educated in Vienna. She got main role of Ljubica and performed on premiere and four more screenings in March and April 1846. After that, Countess Rubido was no longer publicly performing. She is remembered as the first Croatian opera singer. [6]
After extensive preparations Opera was first performed on March 28, 1846 in the Old City Hall in Zagreb, ten years after Glinka's Life for the Tsar and twenty before Smetana's The Bartered Bride . Besides great success of the first performance and favorable social and cultural circumstances, Opera's protagonists also contributed to its popularity: Countess Sidonija Rubido as Ljubica, Franjo Stazić (later known as Franz Steger/Stéger Xavér Ferenc, leading tenor of the Vienna Court Opera) as Vukosav, and Alberto Ognjan Štriga.
Story takes place in the early 16th century near the town of Split. The main character is young Ljubica, daughter of Prince Velimir, who promised her hand to prince Vukosav. However, she is in love with young Obren. He is in love with her too. Vukosav finds out about that and attacks Obren. They start fencing. Prince Velimir then separates them and denies access to his home for both of them. Vukosav declares blood feud.
Ljubica and Obren meet up in the garden and he confesses his love to her. Vukosav who spied on them brings Velimir so he could see Obrenov's courtship. Velimir gets angry and leaves. Vukosav and his servant Branko hatch a plot to kidnap Ljubica and kill Velimir with the help of twelve Hajduk's. Obrenov's friend Ljudevit finds out about the plot.
Velimir forces Ljubica to write a letter to Obren in which she refuses him. Ljubica's letter breaks Obren's heart and he tries to kill himself but at that moment Hajduk's attack Velimir's estate and capture him, Obren and Ljubica. Velimir admits that he forced Ljubica to write letter to Obren. Vukosav gloats over the prisoners. Bunch of peasants led by Ljudevit suddenly show up. Vukosav tries to kill Ljubica with a knife, but Ljudevit shoots him down. At the end, all actors kneel down and start to pray.
The music of Croatia, like the divisions of the country itself, has two major influences: Central European, present in central and northern parts of the country including Slavonia, and Mediterranean, present in coastal regions of Dalmatia and Istria.
Culture of Croatia has historically been influenced by Central European, Mediterranean and other Balkan cultures. Croatia's unique culture and identity can be traced back to the historical llyricum, and the Dalmatae illyrian tribes of Dalmatia. The Croatian language is believed to have been formed in the 6th or 7th century, and the written language is present in Glagolitic texts from the 11th century.
María de Buenos Aires is a tango opera with music by Ástor Piazzolla and libretto by Horacio Ferrer that premiered at the Sala Planeta in Buenos Aires on 8 May 1968.
Mate "Mišo" Kovač is a Croatian recording artist. He is the best selling artist from Croatia and former Yugoslavia, with well over 20 million records, cassettes and compact discs sold to date, and is often regarded as one of the most popular musical performers from Southeastern Europe.
Vatroslav Lisinski was a Croatian composer.
The Illyrian movement was a pan-South-Slavic cultural and political campaign with roots in the early modern period, and revived by a group of young Croatian intellectuals during the first half of the 19th century, around the years of 1835–1863. This movement aimed to create a Croatian national establishment in Austria-Hungary through linguistic and ethnic unity, and through it lay the foundation for cultural and linguistic unification of all South Slavs under the revived umbrella term Illyrian.
The Mirogoj City Cemetery, also known as Mirogoj Cemetery, is a cemetery park that is considered to be among the more noteworthy landmarks in the city of Zagreb. The cemetery inters members of all religious groups: Catholic, Orthodox, Muslim, Jewish, Protestant, Latter Day Saints; irreligious graves can all be found. In the arcades are the last resting places of many famous Croats.
Porin is a grand opera by Vatroslav Lisinski. The Croatian text was by Dimitrija Demeter. It was Lisinski's second opera, the second for Croatia.
Dimitrios Dimitriou was a Greek Croatian poet, dramatist, short story writer and literary critic. One of the most learned people of his time, he played a major role in the movement for the national awakening of the Croatian nation as part of what he and his close friend and colleague Ljudevit Gaj called the Illyrian people by imposing the Croatian language in the local literacy and with the creation of the Croatian National Theatre in Zagreb. His political activism for a Croatian national revival dealt through his participation in many patriotic pamphlets, most notably the Narodne novine and Hrvatski Sokol among many others.
Igor Kuljerić was an important Croatian composer and conductor. His large opus followed the stylistic changes and evolutions of 20th and 21st century music.
A bilateral relationship exists between Croatia and Austria. Diplomatic relations between the two countries were established on January 15, 1992, following Croatia's independence from SFR Yugoslavia.
Croatian names follow complex and unique lettering, structuring, composition, and naming customs that have considerable similarities with most other European name systems and with those of other Slavic peoples in particular.
Countess Sidonija Rubido Erdődy (1819–1884) was Croatia's first opera primadonna and an important member of the Illyrian movement.
The Greatest Croatian was an open-access poll conducted over five weeks in 2003 by the Croatian weekly Nacional.
Music Biennale Zagreb is an international festival of contemporary music in Zagreb, Croatia, organized by the Croatian Composers' Society. The Biennale, founded by Milko Kelemen and held every spring of the odd years since 1961, has become one of the most important festivals of contemporary music in Europe.
The Old City Hall is a complex of three adjacent buildings located in the Gradec neighbourhood in Zagreb, Croatia. The three buildings were joined in the late 19th century and since then, the complex has served as the place where all sessions of the city assembly are held.
The Death of Smail-aga Čengić is an epic poem by Croatian poet Ivan Mažuranić during 1845 and first published in the almanac Iskra for 1846. It is based on the real events of the murder of Bosnian Ottoman army general (aga) Smail-aga Čengić by Montenegrin vojvoda Novica Cerović in 1840. In the poem, Smail-aga is famous for his bravery, but disparaged for his truculence; the main motif is his death, happening after he engages in a battle against the Herzegovinian Montenegrins.
Darko Hajsek is a Croatian composer. He composed a respectable opus of more than 650 musical works, concert and musical-stage forms, ranging from small, instrumental and chamber shape to big orchestral symphonic works and ten large music and music-theatrical works of contemporary forms and synthesis involving opera, musical theatre and ballet, stage music and other musical forms.
Marija Ružička Strozzi was a renowned Croatian actress. French Le Journal illustré named her "the greatest tragedy performer in all of Slavic South".
Danica ilirska was the first Croatian literary magazine launched on 10 January 1835 as a weekly supplement to Novine horvatske newspaper in Zagreb, the Kingdom of Croatia.