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Maltese is a Semitic language derived from late medieval Sicilian Arabic with Romance superstrata spoken by the Maltese people. It is the national language of Malta and the only official Semitic and Afro-Asiatic language of the European Union. Maltese is a latinised variety of spoken historical Arabic through its descent from Siculo-Arabic, which developed as a Maghrebi Arabic dialect in the Emirate of Sicily between 831 and 1091. As a result of the Norman invasion of Malta and the subsequent re-Christianisation of the islands, Maltese evolved independently of Classical Arabic in a gradual process of latinisation. It is therefore exceptional as a variety of historical Arabic that has no diglossic relationship with Classical or Modern Standard Arabic. Maltese is thus classified separately from the 30 varieties constituting the modern Arabic macrolanguage. Maltese is also distinguished from Arabic and other Semitic languages since its morphology has been deeply influenced by Romance languages, namely Italian and Sicilian.
Malta, officially the Republic of Malta, is an island country in the Mediterranean Sea. It consists of an archipelago, between Italy and Libya, and is part of Southern Europe. It lies 80 km (50 mi) south of Sicily (Italy), 284 km (176 mi) east of Tunisia, and 333 km (207 mi) north of Libya. The official languages are Maltese and English, and 66% of the current Maltese population is at least conversational in the Italian language.
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The flag of Malta is a bicolour, with white in the hoist and red in the fly. A representation of the George Cross, awarded to Malta by George VI in 1942, is carried, edged with red, in the canton of the white stripe. The flag was first recognized in the May of 1952.
Dominic Mintoff, was a Maltese Socialist politician, architect, and civil engineer who was leader of the Labour Party from 1949 to 1984, and was 8th Prime Minister of Malta from 1955 to 1958, when Malta was still a British colony, and again, following independence, from 1971 to 1984. His tenure as Prime Minister saw the creation of a comprehensive welfare state, nationalisation of large corporations, a substantial increase in the general standard of living and the establishment of the Maltese republic, but was later on marred by a stagnant economy, a rise in authoritarianism and outbreaks of political violence.
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Church music during the Reformation developed during the Protestant Reformation in two schools of thought, the regulative and normative principles of worship, based on reformers John Calvin and Martin Luther. They derived their concepts in response to the Catholic church music, which they found distracting and too ornate. Both principles also pursued use of the native tongue, either alongside or in place of liturgical Latin.
References
- ↑ Friggieri, Oliver (2016). "The Language and Literature of Malta: A Synthesis of Semitic and Latin Elements". Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae. 69 (2): 201–219. doi:10.1556/062.2016.69.2.6. ISSN 0001-6446. JSTOR 43957450.
- ↑ Cassar Pullicino, Joseph (1982). "The priest who declined a bishopric".
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ↑ "Wintry Celebrations - The Malta Independent". www.independent.com.mt. Retrieved 2022-03-05.
- ↑ "Fr Albert M. Grech O.P. (1883-1942): A Latin-to-Maltese literary and religious translator". scholar.googleusercontent.com. Retrieved 2022-03-05.
- ↑ Borg, Albert; Caruana, Sandro; Vella, Alexandra (2014-02-03). Perspectives on Maltese Linguistics. Walter de Gruyter. p. 15. ISBN 978-3-05-006514-4.
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