Madeleine Boullogne [1] (baptised 24 July 1646, Paris - 30 January 1710, Paris) was a French Baroque still life painter.
Boullogne was the daughter of Louis Boullogne, a painter and one of the founders of the Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture, and the sister of the painters Bon, Louis and Geneviève Boullogne. On 7 November 1669 she was received into the Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture. She began working in the royal workshops, notably at the Palais des Tuileries, where she painted four canvases for the antechamber to the Grand appartement du roi, but also at the Versailles, where she painted for the antechamber of the Grand appartement de la reine.
Madeleine Boullogne lived an austere and pious life, teaching many students, remaining unmarried and living with her brother Bon. Marked by a strict Augustinism bordering on Jansenism, she lived a semi-monastic life. Her presence in the Nécrologe de Port-Royal well shows this lifestyle :
She had received a singular gift from God in not being troubled as to impress in different occupations other than those that Providence presented her, making them with a whole presence of spirit, with peace and tranquility, dignified fruits with a wholly interior life. The painter who made his or her occupation does not turn, his eyes and hands being occupied with nothing but what his heart cares for. She did not paint anything other than paintings of piety, to honour the mysteries, to paint in herself the image of Jesus Christ suffering and dying, and to animate the imitation of the saints; without thinking, painting her own portrait. Daughter and sister of highly skilled painters, she took up and exercised the art of painting with such accuracy and delicacy, that she deserved her rank and seat in the Academie Royale de Peinture; the distinction gave her more regret than pride. [2]
She painted many works on life at Port-Royal-des-Champs, that Louise-Magdeleine Horthemels then engraved and which were extremely popular. She also painted still lifes and many portraits, as well as many religious paintings.
Madeleigne Boullogne was forgotten little by little over the 18th century, with some of her paintings even being attributed to others. She is best known for her paintings on Port-Royal, especially since many of her paintings at the Tuileries have disappeared and most of her work at Versailles was destroyed in the construction of the Galerie des Glaces.
The Académie Royale de Peinture et de Sculpture was founded in 1648 in Paris, France. It was the premier art institution of France during the latter part of the Ancien Régime until it was abolished in 1793 during the French Revolution. It included most of the important painters and sculptors, maintained almost total control of teaching and exhibitions, and afforded its members preference in royal commissions.
Guillaume Coustou the Elder was a French sculptor of the Baroque and Louis XIV style. He was a royal sculptor for Louis XIV and Louis XV and became Director of the Royal Academy of Painting and Sculpture in 1735. He is best known for his monumental statues of horses made for the Chateau of Marly, whose replicas now stand in the Place de la Concorde in Paris.
Bon Boullogne was a French painter.
Jean-Baptiste Oudry was a French Rococo painter, engraver, and tapestry designer. He is particularly well known for his naturalistic pictures of animals and his hunt pieces depicting game.
Pieter Boel or Peeter Boel was a Flemish painter, printmaker and tapestry designer. He specialised in lavish still lifes and animal paintings. He moved to Paris, where he worked in the gobelin factory and became a painter to the king. Pieter Boel revolutionized animal painting by working directly from live animals in a natural setting. He thus arrived at representations of animals showing them in their natural, characteristic poses. He had many followers in France.
Charles-Joseph Natoire was a French painter in the Rococo manner, a pupil of François Lemoyne and director of the French Academy in Rome, 1751–1775. Considered during his lifetime the equal of François Boucher, he played a prominent role in the artistic life of France.
Sebastiaen Slodtz, in France called Sébastien Slodtz (1655–1726) was a Flemish sculptor and decorator who after training in his native Antwerp, moved to France where he became a court sculptor to the King. He was the father of three sons who helped further shape official French sculpture between the Baroque and the Rococo.
Charles-Antoine Coypel was a French painter, art commentator, and playwright. He became court painter to the French king and director of the Académie Royale. He inherited the title of Garde des tableaux et dessins du roi, a function which combined the role of director and curator of the king's art collection. He was mainly active in Paris.
Charles Errard the Younger was a French painter, architect and engraver, co-founder and later director of the Académie Royale de Peinture et de Sculpture. In 1666 Louis XIV's minister Jean-Baptiste Colbert sent him to found the Académie de France à Rome, where he was director until 1684.
The grand appartement de la reine is the Queen's grand apartment of the Palace of Versailles.
Anne Vallayer-Coster was a major 18th-century French painter best known for still lifes. She achieved fame and recognition very early in her career, being admitted to the Académie Royale de Peinture et de Sculpture in 1770, at the age of twenty-six.
Louis de Boullogne II, known as Boullogne fils, was a French painter.
Louis Boullogne, known as Louis le père, was a French painter.
Marie-Suzanne Giroust, known as Madame Roslin, was a French painter, miniaturist, and pastellist, known for her portraits. She was a member of the Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture. Only a small number of her works have been identified.
Henri Testelin (1616–1695) was a French painter and writer on art.
Robert Le Vrac de Tournières was a French painter. After the Second World War, a street in the new Saint-Paul district of his home city of Caen was named rue Robert Tournières.
Marie-Thérèse Reboul, commonly called Madame Vien, was a French painter and engraver of natural history subjects, still lifes, and flowers.
Geneviève Boullogne, Boullongne or Boulogne was a French painter and member of the Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture.
Henri Mauperché was a French landscape painter and engraver. His name is also given as Henri Maupercher and Henri Montpercher. Most of his landscapes are capriccios.
Nicolas de Plattemontagne, originally Nicolas Van Plattenberg was a French painter and engraver. His name also appears as La Montagne, Montagne and Montaigne.