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Aspelta was a ruler of the kingdom of Kush. More is known about him and his reign than most of the rulers of Kush. He left several stelae carved with accounts of his reign.
Nuri is a place in modern Sudan on the west side of the Nile, near the Fourth Cataract. Nuri is situated about 15 km north of Sanam, and 10 km from Jebel Barkal.
Nasalsa was a Nubian queen of the Kingdom of Kush. She is known from a shabti, some inscriptions on tablets and cups, text on the stela of Khaliut, a dedication inscription and a text from Kawa. Dodson mentions that Nasalsa is named on the Enthronement Stela of Atlanersa and on the Election and Adoption Stelae of Aspelta. These stelae were from Gebel Barkal.
Mernua was a Nubian queen known solely from her burial at Meroe. Her burial was found intact and still contained the remains of three wooden coffins and mummy coverings in silver, including a mummy mask. also made in silver. Her name and title are only preserved on shabtis and on mummy covering found. On the mummy covering she is called king's wife. No king's name is preserved in the burial. Her royal husband can only be guessed by the style and dating of the funerary equipment. She seems to date around 600 BC. Anlamani or Aspelta are potential partners.
Piankhher (Pi-ankh-her) was a Nubian queen with the Egyptian title king's wife. Her royal husband is not known for sure, but may have been Aramatle-qo based on chronology. Piankhher is known solely from her burial at Nuri. Her burial consisted of a pyramid, that was completely gone when excavated. There is a staircase going down to the two burial chambers that were found to have been looted. Some golden and silver amulets were found. About 200 shabtis, many only in fragments, were discovered too. They provided her name and title.
Atmataka was a Nubian queen, so far only known from her burial in the royal cemetery of Nuri. She was perhaps the wife of king Aramatle-qo. Her only known title is king's wife. Her burial consisted of a pyramid and the underground burial rooms. There was a staircase going underground and leading to the two burial chambers. The burial was found robbed, but fragments of at least 158 shabtis were found. They bear the name and the title of the queen. Her heart scarab was found in Nuri burial Nu. 47. The owner of this burial is not known.
Maletasen was a Nubian queen, so far only known from her burial in the royal cemetery of Nuri. She was perhaps the wife of king Aramatle-qo. Her only known title is big king's wife.. Her burial consisted of a pyramid with a chapel and the underground burial rooms. There was a staircase going underground and leading to the two burial chambers. The burial was found robbed, but fragments of at least 123 shabtis were found. They bear the name and the title of the queen.
Yeturow (Iretiru) was a Nubian queen with the Egyptian titles king's wife, king's wife of the people of Egypt, king's daughter and king's sister. Her father was most likely king Taharqa. Her royal husband was her brother Atlanersa.
Maletaral was a Nubian queen with the Egyptian title king's mother. She was perhaps the wife of king Atlanersa and the mother of king Senkamanisken. Maletaral is known from a heart scarab found in a burial at Nuri. Her burial consisted of a pyramid with a small chapel in front of it. There is a staircase going down to the two burial chambers that were found looted. Gold foil and pottery vessels were found. There were also 283 shabtis. They were uninscribed. Burial goods from different tombs in the cemetery of Nuri were often found far away from the actual burial. Therefore it must remain uncertain whether tomb Nuri 41 really belonged to Maletaral, as only one object with her name was found.
Asata was a Nubian queen with the Egyptian titles king's wife and Person of Egypt. She was presumed to have been the wife of the king Aspelta. Asata is mainly known from her burial at Nuri . Her burial consisted of a pyramid with a small chapel in front of it. The pyramid was found heavily destroyed, and the chapel was completely gone. There is a staircase going down to two burial chambers that were found to have been looted, but still contained a high number of objects, including the heart scarab of the queen, at least 270 shabtis, several stone vessels, amulets and other fragments that must have covered the mummy.
Artaha was a Nubian queen with the Egyptian title king's wife. She was perhaps the wife of king Aspelta, although this is only a guess. Artaha is only known from her burial at Nuri. Her burial consisted most likely of a pyramid with a small chapel in front of it, but those were totally gone. There is a staircase going down to the one burial chamber that was found looted. The walls were once plastered and painted but the decorated was very much faded when found. Alabaster vessels were found. There were also at least 180 inscribed shabtis, providing her name and title.
Meqemale (Makmalo) was a Nubian queen, so far only known from her burial in the royal cemetery of Nuri. She was perhaps the wife of king Aspelta, but this is only a guess. Her only known title is big king's wife, Hmt-niswt aAt.. Her burial consisted of a pyramid with a chapel and the underground burial rooms. There was a staircase going underground and leading to the two burial chambers. The burial was found robbed, but fragments of at least 108 shabtis were found. They bear the name and the title of the queen. Several vessels and an offering table were found too. A shabti with the name of the queen was also found at Sanam.
Batahaliye was the wife and the sister of Nubian king Harsiotef. She is known from stela of her husband and from her burial at Nuri. Her main title was big king's wife, Hmt-niswt aAt.. Other titles are king's wife and king's sister.
Atasamale was the mother of the Nubian king Harsiotef. She is known from a stela of her son and from her burial at Nuri. Her titles are mother of the kings, sister of the king and Lady of Kush. She might have been the wife of Amanineteyerike, although this is only a guess.
Akhrasan was a Nubian queen, so far only known from her burial in the royal cemetery of Nuri. She was perhaps the wife of king Malewiebamani, althouɥgh this is not securely confirmed. Her only known title is king's wife. Her burial consisted of a pyramid and underground burial rooms, with a staircase leading to two underground burial chambers. The burial was found robbed, but fragments of at least 45 shabtis were found. They bear the name and the title of the queen. Several pottery vessels and smaller objects were found, as well.
Tagtal was a Nubian queen with the titles king's wife and Egyptian. Her husband is not known for sure. Malonaqen had been proposed although this is only a guess. So far she is only known from her burial at Nuri. Tagtal is also known from her burial at Nuri. The latter consisted of a pyramid with a chapel and one underground burial chamber. The pyramid and chapel were found totally destroyed. There was a staircase going underground and leading to the burial that was found heavily looted. Fragments of 15 shabtis preserved her name that was difficult to read due to their bad preservation. There appears also her titles, king's wife and a second one, perhaps to be read as Egyptian. The inscriptions there are made in Egyptian hieroglyphs, but the texts are hard to read.
Henutirdis was a Nubian royal lady with the title king's wife, although the reading of the title is uncertain. Her husband was perhaps Harsiotef. So far she is only known from her burial at Nuri. It is remarkable that she bears an Egyptian name. Most other royal Nubian royal women bear Nubian names.
Malaqaye was a Nubian queen with the title king's wife. Her husband was presumed to have been Tantamani. So far she is only known from her burial at Nuri.
Akheqa was a Nubian queen with the Egyptian titles king's wife and king's sister. Her royal husband is not known for sure. Perhaps she was the daughter of Aspelta and wife of Aramatle-qo, as proposed by Dows Dunham and M. F. Laming Macadam.
Henuttakhebit was a Nubian queen with the Egyptian titles king's wife, king's daughter and king's sister. Her royal husband is not known for sure. Perhaps she was the wife of Aspelta and daughter of Senkamanisken, as proposed by Dows Dunham and M. F. Laming Macadam. This is not certain. She was the daughter or adopted daughter of queen Madiqen and followed her as songstress of Amun in Napata.
References
- ↑ Alexey K. Vinogradov: On the Titulary of the “King’s Sister” Madiqen, in Antike Sudan. Mitteilungen der Sudanarchäologischen Gesellschaft zu Berlin e. V.20 (2009), 163-168 online.
- ↑ Dows Dunham and M. F. Laming Macadamː Names and Relationships of the Royal Family of Napata, in The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology˞, Vol. 35 (Dec., 1949), pp. 144, pl. XVI (no. 38); Angelika Lohwasser: Die königlichen Frauen im antiken Reich von Kusch. 25. Dynastie bis zur Zeit des Nastasen. Harrassowitz, Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-447-04407-1, (Meroitica 19), pp. 165–166.
- ↑ Dows Dunhamː The Royal cemeteries of Kush, vol. II, Nuri, Boston 1955, pp. 109-111 online