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References
- ↑ David Emmanuel Singh, The Independent Madrasas of India: Dar al-'Ulum, Deoband and Nadvat al-'Ulama, Lucknow (PDF), Oxford Centre for Mission Studies, archived from the original (PDF) on 24 November 2020, retrieved 1 August 2020
- ↑ Metcalf, Barbara (1978). "The Madrasa at Deoband: A Model for Religious Education in Modern India". Modern Asian Studies. 12 (1): 111–134. doi:10.1017/S0026749X00008179. JSTOR 311825. S2CID 145793477.
- 1 2 Asir Adrawi. Tazkirah Mashahir-e-Hind: Karwan-e-Rafta (in Urdu) (2 April 2016 ed.). Deoband: Darul Moallifeen. p. 229.
- ↑ Rizwi, Syed Mehboob. Tarikh Darul Uloom Deoband[History of the Dar al-Ulum Deoband]. Vol. 1. Translated by Murtaz Husain F Quraishi (1980 ed.). Deoband: Darul Uloom Deoband. p. 118.
- 1 2 Asir Adrawi. Hazrat Shaykhul Hind: Hayat awr Karname[Shaykhul Hind: Life and Works] (in Urdu) (April 2012 ed.). Darul Uloom Deoband: Shaykhul Hind Academy. p. 39.
- ↑ Parwez, Shahid (1999). "Mahmud Hasan (18S1-1920)". The Deoband movement till 1920 the ideological and institutional dimensions (PhD). Department of History, Aligarh Muslim University. p. 111. hdl:10603/52429 . Retrieved 1 August 2020.
- ↑ Ashiq Ilahi Bulandshahri. "The Great Scholar, Mulla Mahmud Deobandi". al-ʿAnāqīd al-Ghāliyah min al-Asānīd al-ʿĀliyah (in Arabic). Karachi: Maktaba Shaykh. p. 41.