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Oman,officially the Sultanate of Oman,is a country on the southeastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula in Western Asia. It overlooks the mouth of the Persian Gulf. It shares land borders with Saudi Arabia,the United Arab Emirates,and Yemen. The capital and largest city is Muscat. Oman has a population of about 5.28 million as of 2024 which is a 4.60% population increase from 2023. and is the 123rd most-populous country. The coast faces the Arabian Sea on the southeast,and the Gulf of Oman on the northeast. The Madha and Musandam exclaves are surrounded by United Arab Emirates on their land borders,with the Strait of Hormuz and the Gulf of Oman forming Musandam's coastal boundaries.
Oman is a site of pre-historic human habitation,stretching back over 100,000 years. The region was impacted by powerful invaders,including other Arab tribes,Portugal and Britain. Oman,at its height,held holdings that ranged from the Persian Gulf all the way south to the island of Madagascar,some notable holdings include;the island of Zanzibar,the city of Mogadishu and the city of Gwadar.
Muscat is the capital and most populated city in Oman. It is the seat of the Governorate of Muscat. According to the National Centre for Statistics and Information (NCSI),the total population of Muscat Governorate was 1.72 million as of September 2022. The metropolitan area spans approximately 3,500 km2 (1,400 sq mi) and includes six provinces called wilayats,making it the largest city in the Arabian Peninsula by area. Known since the early 1st century AD as an important trading port between the west and the east,Muscat was ruled by various indigenous tribes as well as foreign powers such as the Persians,the Portuguese Empire and the Ottoman Empire at various points in its history. A regional military power in the 18th century,Muscat's influence extended as far as East Africa and Zanzibar. As an important port-town in the Gulf of Oman,Muscat attracted foreign traders and settlers such as the Persians,Balochs and Sindhis. Since the accession of Qaboos bin Said as Sultan of Oman in 1970,Muscat has experienced rapid infrastructural development that has led to the growth of a vibrant economy and a multi-ethnic society. Muscat is termed as a Beta - Global City by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network.
Qaboos bin Said Al Said was Sultan of Oman from 23 July 1970 until his death in 2020. A fifteenth-generation descendant of the founder of the House of Al Said,he was the longest-serving leader in the Middle East and Arab world at the time of his death,having ruled for almost half a century.
The Sultanate of Muscat and Oman,also known briefly as the State of Muscat and Oman during the rule of Taimur bin Feisal,was a sovereign state that encompassed the present-day Sultanate of Oman and parts of present-day United Arab Emirates and Pakistan,in the second half of the 19th century and 20th century. Ruled by the Busaid dynasty,it was established as a result of the partition of the Omani Empire upon the death of its last ruler Said bin Sultan. The Sultanate transitioned into a new form of government after the palace coup of 23 July 1970 in which the sultan Said bin Taimur was immediately deposed in favor of his son Qaboos bin Said.
Oman is an absolute monarchy in which all legislative,executive,and judiciary power ultimately rests in the hands of the hereditary sultan,and in which the system of laws is based firmly on rule by decree. Although a report by the U.S. State Department,based on conditions in 2010,summed up the human rights situation in the country by asserting that the government "generally respected the human rights of its citizens",several international human-rights groups have described the state of human rights in Oman in highly critical terms. Article 41 of Oman's statute (constitution) criminalizes any criticism of the sultan,stating that "the sultan's person is inviolable and must be respected and his orders must be obeyed".
This page list topics related to Oman.
The House of Busaid,also known as the House of Al Said,is the current ruling royal family of Oman,and former ruling house of the Omani Empire (1744–1856),Sultanate of Muscat and Oman (1856–1970) and the Sultanate of Zanzibar (1856–1964). It was founded by Ahmad bin Said Al Busaidi in 1744 and is currently headed by Haitham bin Tariq Al Said.
The 2011 Omani protests were a series of protests in Oman that occurred as part of the revolutionary wave popularly known as the "Arab Spring".
The Royal Oman Police (ROP) (Arabic:شرطةعمانالسلطانية),also known as Oman Police,is the main law and order agency for the Sultanate of Oman.
Internal Security Service is the national security agency of the Sultanate of Oman. The agency focuses solely upon domestic security while foreign intelligence operations is specifically handled by the Palace Office,which controls external security and coordinates all intelligence and security policies.
The Foreign Ministry is the government body in the Sultanate of Oman responsible for organising and directing Oman's relations with other countries and with regional and international organisations.
Major General John David Carew Graham,was a British Army officer who was instrumental in the installation of Qaboos bin Said as Sultan of Oman in the 1970 Omani coup d'état.
The following lists events that happened during 2011 in Oman.
Haitham bin Tariq Al Said is Sultan and Prime Minister of Oman.
The Royal Office is one of the most senior and therefore powerful ministries in the Sultanate of Oman. It is a government body that has most influence in national security and intelligence issues and the minister in charge has been the de facto national security advisor to the Sultan. The Palace Office also acts as a foreign liaison focus on all international intelligence and security matters.
The 1970 Omani coup d'état was the overthrow of Sultan of Oman Said bin Taimur by his son Qaboos bin Said in Oman on 23 July 1970. Occurring in the midst of the Dhofar War,the palace coup was executed with the British and saw Sultan Said bin Taimur deposed and sent into exile to the United Kingdom. The coup was a pivotal moment in modern Omani history as Qaboos swiftly set in motion numerous wide-ranging modernisation reforms in the kingdom,transforming Oman from an underdeveloped backwater into a country on par with many Western states in terms of political stability and economic development. At the time of his death in January 2020,Sultan Qaboos was the longest-serving ruler in the Middle East.
National Day is an official holiday in the Sultanate of Oman and the main one in the country. The holiday currently celebrates the birthday of Sultan Qaboos bin Said al Said,who reigned from 1970 to 2020.
Sayyid Asa'ad bin Tariq Al Said is a member of the Omani royal family and the Deputy Prime Minister for Relations and International Cooperation Affairs.
References
- 1 2 "Sultan Qaboos fires Oman's police chief". The National. 15 March 2011.
- ↑ "Oman Domestic Forces and Succession: An Intelligence Assessment" (PDF). CIA. March 1985. p. 3.
- ↑ "7,000 mobilised to handle cyclone". Gulf News. 4 June 2011.
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