Manuela Medina (1780-1822) was a national heroine who fought on the forefront of combat during the Mexican War of Independence. She was a Native American from Texcoco.
She fought with José María Morelos and was not only a soldier in the army but an officer. She was the first captain of the rebel forces to lead her troops into royalist fire and succeeded against the royalist soldiers. [1] The last of her seven battles was in early 1821 where she was wounded twice. She eventually died of these wounds in 1822. [2] She is mentioned in Mexican elementary school textbooks issued by the Secretariat of Education (SEP) as a heroine of the independence movement. [3]
Women have played a leading role in warfare. The following is a list of women in war and their exploits from about 1800 up to about 1899.
Anastasio Aquino's Rebellion was an uprising led by Salvadoran indigenous leader Anastasio Aquino in El Salvador during the time it belonged to the Federal Republic of Central America.
Juan David García Bacca, was a Spanish–Venezuelan philosopher and university professor.
The 1811 Independence Movement, known in El Salvador as the First Shout of Independence, was the first of a series of revolts in Central America in modern day El Salvador against Spanish rule and dependency on the Captaincy General of Guatemala. The independence movement was led by prominent Salvadoran and Central American figures such as José Matías Delgado, Manuel José Arce, and Santiago José Celis.
The Battle of Acajutla was a battle on June 8, 1524, between the Spanish conquistador Pedro de Alvarado and the standing army of Cuzcatlan Pipils, an indigenous Nahua state, in the neighborhood of present-day Acajutla, near the coast of western El Salvador.
The Cu bird is a bird from a Mexican folktale that is unhappy with its looks. According to the legend, the other birds agreed to the barn owl's proposal to give the Cu bird one feather each and in return asked it to become the messenger of the bird council. But the bird soon started neglecting its task because instead it spent time admiring its plumage.
The Instituto Nacional de Bellas Artes y Literatura, located in the Palacio de Bellas Artes in Mexico City, is the Mexican institution in charge of coordinating artistic and cultural activities in the country.
Herminio Feliciano Peña Aguilera was a Mexican painter and engraver. His work was recognized with membership in the Salón de la Plástica Mexicana and was a founding member of the Sociedad Mexicana de Grabadores.
Beatriz de la Cueva de Alvarado, nicknamed "La Sinventura" was a Spanish noblewoman from Úbeda in Andalucia who became the governor of the Spanish colony of Guatemala for a few days in September 1541, before being killed by an earthquake shortly after taking office. Unique as the only woman to hold such a position in a major division of Spanish Latin America in colonial times, she is credited with having introduced the Spanish style of house construction and Spanish customs into Guatemala. She was buried in the cathedral of Santiago de los Caballeros de Guatemala.
Laura Méndez de Cuenca, was a Mexican writer and poet.
Agueda Monasterio de Lattapiat (1776-1817), was one of the national heroines of the Chilean War of Independence. She served as a spy and courier for the rebels.
Events in the year 1959 in Mexico.
Verónica Murguía is a Mexican fantasy writer who has won multiple prizes for her children's literature and novels. Her husband was poet David Huerta.
Estela Jiménez Esponda was a Mexican professor, feminist, suffragist and women's rights activist. She directed the newspaper Nosotras (Us) and was a leader in the development of the Communist Party.
Pedro Cortés y Larraz was Archbishop of Guatemala between 1767 and 1779 and bishop of Tortosa between 1780 and 1786.
Elina González Acha de Correa Morales was an Argentine educator, scientist and women's rights activist. In her early days, she was among the first graduates of the Argentine Normal School and was a painter, winning international recognition for both her textbooks and paintings. She was the driving force behind the founding of the Geographical Society of Argentina and served as its president from its establishment until her death. She and her husband, Argentina's first renowned sculptor, Lucio Correa Morales were defenders of the land claims of the Ona indigenous people.
María Fermina Rivera was an insurgent in the Mexican War of Independence where she was a part of Vicente Guerrero's small force. Rivera was born in Tlaltizapán, in what today is the state of Morelos. In 1821, Rivera accompanied her husband into combat on the front line with Guerrero’s forces and continued fighting for independence throughout the last years of the war.
Carmen Parra is a Mexican painter. Her work is inspired in the New Spain iconography art: angels, archangel, eagles, butterflies and flowers.
Rafaela López Aguado de Rayón was a Mexican heroine, the mother of the five López Rayón brothers who participated in the Independence War of Mexico, one of which was general Ignacio López Rayón, minister of Miguel Hidalgo. Once her son was captured and sentenced to death, she was offered his life in exchange for her to convince her other sons to lay down their arms. She declined, saying "I prefer a dead son over becoming a traitor to the Homeland."
Martha Alcira Salotti was an Argentine educator and writer. A specialist in children's literature, she was considered the protégé and inheritor of the pedagogical work of Rosario Vera Peñaloza.