Margarete Gallinat

Last updated
Margarete Gallinat
Born 1894
East Prussian Puntigam
Nationality German
Occupation Chief supervisor at Kamp Vught
Known for Supervisor at Ravensbrück concentration camp

Oberaufseherin Margarete Gallinat (born 1894, date of death unknown) was the chief supervisor at Kamp Vught, Netherlands. She later became a supervisor at Ravensbrück concentration camp. [1] [2]

Female guards in Nazi concentration camps

The Aufseherinnen were female guards in German concentration camps during the Holocaust. Of the 55,000 guards who served in German concentration camps, about 3,700 were women. In 1942, the first female guards arrived at Auschwitz and Majdanek from Ravensbrück. The year after, the Nazis began conscripting women because of a guard shortage. The German title for this position, Aufseherin means female overseer or attendant. Later female guards were dispersed to Bolzano (1944–45), Kaiserwald-Riga (1943–44), Mauthausen, Stutthof (1942–45), Vaivara (1943–44), Vught (1943–44), and at other Nazi concentration camps, subcamps, work camps, detention camps, etc.

Herzogenbusch concentration camp

Herzogenbusch concentration camp was a Nazi concentration camp located in Vught near the city of 's-Hertogenbosch, Netherlands. Herzogenbusch was, with Natzweiler-Struthof in occupied France, the only concentration camp run directly by the SS in western Europe outside Germany. The camp was first used in 1943 and held 31,000 prisoners. 749 prisoners died in the camp, and the others were transferred to other camps shortly before the camp was liberated by the Allied Forces in 1944. After the war the camp was used as a prison for Germans and Dutch collaborators. Today there is a visitors' center with exhibitions and a national monument remembering the camp and its victims. The camp is now a museum.

Netherlands Constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in Europe

The Netherlands is a country located mainly in Northwestern Europe. The European portion of the Netherlands consists of twelve separate provinces that border Germany to the east, Belgium to the south, and the North Sea to the northwest, with maritime borders in the North Sea with Belgium, Germany and the United Kingdom. Together with three island territories in the Caribbean Sea—Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba— it forms a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. The official language is Dutch, but a secondary official language in the province of Friesland is West Frisian.

Contents

Life

Gallinat was born in 1894 in East Prussian Puntigam. [3]

Work as Oberaufseherin

In April 1940, Gallinat read a newspaper ad for Aufseherin and decided to apply. [3] Two months later she started in Ravensbrück, [4] [5] where she worked until the summer of 1943, eventually becoming deputy Oberaufseherin.

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References

  1. ↑ Daniel Patrick Brown (2002). The Camp Women: The Female Auxiliaries who Assisted the SS in Running the Nazi Concentration Camp System. Schiffer Pub. ISBN   978-0-7643-1444-5.
  2. ↑ Karolin Steinke; Nationale Mahn- und Gedenkstätte Ravensbrück (2009). Züge nach Ravensbrück: Transporte mit der Reichsbahn 1939-1945 : Begleitband zur Ausstellung in der Mahn- und Gedenkstätte Ravensbrück. Metropol. ISBN   978-3-940938-27-5.
  3. 1 2 Fraulenger, Het. "Mensen, macht en mentaliteiten achter prikkeldraad: een historisch- sociologische studie van concentratiekamp Vught (1943-1944)". UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository). University of Amsterdam. Retrieved 14 September 2015.
  4. ↑ Bernhard Strebel (2003). Das KZ Ravensbrück: Geschichte eines Lagerkomplexes. Ferdinand Schöningh. ISBN   978-3-506-70123-7.
  5. ↑ Nanda Herbermann (1 September 2000). The Blessed Abyss: Inmate #6582 in Ravensbrück Concentration Camp for Women. Wayne State University Press. pp. 272–. ISBN   978-0-8143-3768-4.


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