Foreign relations of Kazakhstan are primarily based on economic and political security. The Nazarbayev administration has tried to balance relations with Russia and the United States by sending petroleum and natural gas to its northern neighbor at artificially low prices while assisting the U.S. in the War on Terror. Kazakhstan is a member of the United Nations,Collective Security Treaty Organization,Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe,North Atlantic Cooperation Council,Commonwealth of Independent States,the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation,and NATO's Partnership for Peace program. Kazakhstan established a customs union with Russia and Belarus,transformed into the Eurasian Economical Community then in 2015 into the Eurasian Economic Union. President Nazarbayev has prioritized economic diplomacy into Kazakhstan's foreign policy.
The foreign policy of Sweden is based on the premise that national security is best served by staying free of alliances in peacetime in order to remain a neutral country in the event of war. In 2002,Sweden revised its security doctrine. The security doctrine still states that "Sweden pursues a policy of non-participation in military alliances," but permits cooperation in response to threats against peace and security. The government also seeks to maintain Sweden's high standard of living. These two objectives require heavy expenditures for social welfare,defense spending at rates considered low by Western European standards,and close attention to foreign trade opportunities and world economic cooperation.
The Minister of Foreign Affairs is the minister of the Crown in the Canadian Cabinet who is responsible for overseeing the Government of Canada's international relations and is the lead minister responsible for Global Affairs Canada,though the minister of international trade leads on trade issues. In addition to Global Affairs Canada,the minister is also the lead in overseeing the International Centre for Human Rights and Democratic Development and the International Development Research Centre.
Stéphane Maurice Dion is a Canadian diplomat,academic and former politician who has been the Canadian ambassador to France and Monaco since 2022 and special envoy to the European Union since 2017. Dion was Leader of the Opposition and the leader of the Liberal Party from 2006 to 2008. He served in cabinets as intergovernmental affairs minister (1996–2003),environment minister (2003–2006),and foreign affairs minister (2015–2017).
Marc Isaiah Grossman is an American former diplomat and government official. He served as United States Ambassador to Turkey,Assistant Secretary of State for European Affairs,and Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs. He was most recently the United States Special Representative for Afghanistan and Pakistan and is currently a Vice Chairman of The Cohen Group,a business strategic advisory firm headed by former U.S. Secretary of Defense William Cohen,and a Vice Chair of the German Marshall Fund board of trustees.
The Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS) is a graduate school of Johns Hopkins University based in Washington,D.C. with campuses in Bologna,Italy and Nanjing,China. It has consistently been ranked one of the top graduate schools for international relations in the world. Foreign Policy has rated it among the top three programs globally since 2005,earning third,second,and first place across different years' editions.
Chan Heng Chee is a Singaporean academic and diplomat who has been serving as Ambassador-at-Large at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs since 2012,Chairwoman of the National Arts Council and Member of the Presidential Council for Minority Rights. She had also served as Singapore Ambassador to the United States between 1996 and 2012.
Canada and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia share robust economic ties;Saudi Arabia represents Canada's second largest trading partner in the Middle East,a relation that was bolstered in February 2014 with the purchase of C$15 billion worth of Canadian arms by Saudi Arabia. Until August 2018,there were over 16,000 Saudi students on government scholarships in Canada.
Marina Kaljurand is an Estonian politician and Member of the European Parliament. Kaljurand served as Minister of Foreign Affairs in Taavi Rõivas' second cabinet as an independent. Earlier,she served as the Ambassador of Estonia to the United States,Russia,Mexico,Canada,Kazakhstan,and Israel.
Wang Yi is a Chinese diplomat and politician who has been serving as director of the Chinese Communist Party Central Committee Foreign Affairs Commission Office since January 2023 and Minister of Foreign Affairs since July 2023. He is the highest ranking diplomat representing the People's Republic of China.
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Serbia is the ministry in the government of Serbia which is in the charge of maintaining the consular affairs and foreign relations of Serbia. The current minister is Ivica Dačić,in office since 26 October 2022.
Canada and Iran have had no formal diplomatic relations since 2012. In the absence of diplomatic representation,Italy acts as the protecting power for Canada in Iran and Switzerland acts as Iran's protecting power in Canada.
The 1955 Austrian State Treaty ended the four-power occupation and recognized Austria as an independent and sovereign state. In October 1955,the Federal Assembly passed a constitutional law in which "Austria declares of her own free will her perpetual neutrality." The second section of this law stated that "in all future times Austria will not join any military alliances and will not permit the establishment of any foreign military bases on her territory." Since then,Austria has shaped its foreign policy on the basis of neutrality.
Marina Schuster is a German politician of the liberal Free Democratic Party.
Jozef Šesták is a Slovak diplomat,expert on international negotiations in the field of foreign policy and diplomacy. His highest position:State Secretary of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Slovak Republic. His highest diplomatic rank:Ambassador.
Nineta Bărbulescu is a Romanian career diplomat,and current Ambassador of Romania to Malaysia and (non-resident) Brunei. She served as the Romanian Ambassador to Australia from August 2013 until December 2020. During these 7 years she also was accredited non-resident Ambassador to New Zealand (2015–2020),Fiji (2018–2020),Independent State of Samoa (2018–2020),Solomon Islands (2018–2020),Vanuatu (2018–2020),Kiribati (2018–2020),Tuvalu (2019–2020),and Nauru (2019–2020).
Catherine M. Croft is a United States Department of State official who has served as a special advisor for Ukraine both in the State Department and on the United States National Security Council. Croft has been scheduled to testify in closed-door hearings before the House Intelligence,Oversight and Foreign Affairs committees in October 2019.
The foreign policy of Justin Trudeau is Canada's foreign policy since Justin Trudeau became Prime Minister in November 2015. Mélanie Joly has served as the Minister of Foreign Affairs since October 2021.
LêThịTuyết Mai is a Vietnamese diplomat. In February 2020,she was appointed Vietnam's permanent representative to the United Nations Office,the World Trade Organization,and other international organizations based in Geneva.
