Mark Hugo Leonard (born August 27, 1974) [1] is a British political scientist and author. He is the director of the European Council on Foreign Relations (ECFR), which he founded in 2007. He has been writing for Project Syndicate, an international media organization, since 2004. [2]
Mark Leonard is the son of Dick Leonard, [3] the writer and journalist, and Irène Heidelberger-Leonard, a professor of German literature. His sister is Miriam Leonard, a professor of Greek and Latin.
Leonard was a pupil of the European School, Brussels I (ESBI) from where he graduated with a European Baccalaureate. [4] Leonard graduated from Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge, where he read social and political sciences. He was chairman of the Cambridge Organisation of Labour Students (now the Cambridge Universities Labour Club) in 1994–5.
Mark Leonard founded the European Council on Foreign Relations (ECFR) in October 2007, [5] for which he serves as executive director. [6] He moderates ECFR's weekly podcast "ECFR's World in 30 Minutes".
Leonard has been director of foreign policy at the Centre for European Reform, and Foreign Policy Centre. [7] [8]
In 2005, he wrote a book called Why Europe Will Run the 21st Century. [9] [10] His second book, What does China think? was published in 2008. [11]
In 2021, Leonard's book The Age of Unpeace was published. [12]
Euroscepticism, also spelled as Euroskepticism or EU-scepticism, is a political position involving criticism of the European Union (EU) and European integration. It ranges from those who oppose some EU institutions and policies, and seek reform, to those who oppose EU membership and see the EU as unreformable. The opposite of Euroscepticism is known as pro-Europeanism, or European Unionism.
Andreas Schwab is a German politician and member of the European Parliament for Germany. He is a member of the Christian Democratic Union, part of the European People's Party. Since 2009, he has been Of Counsel with CMS Hasche Sigle.
Ana Isabel de Palacio y del Valle Lersundi in Madrid, daughter of Luis María de Palacio y de Palacio, 4th Marqués de Matonte, and wife Luisa Mariana del Valle Lersundi y del Valle, was Spain's minister for foreign affairs in the People's Party (PP) government of José María Aznar from July 2002 to March 2004. Before this she was a lawyer in Madrid and then a Member of the European Parliament from 1994 to 2002. In March 2012, she was appointed an elective member of the Spanish Council of State. She currently is the founding partner of Palacio y Asociados, a Madrid-based consulting and law firm, and a senior strategic counsel at Albright Stonebridge Group, a global business strategy firm.
Although there has been a large degree of integration between European Union member states, foreign relations is still a largely intergovernmental matter, with the 27 states controlling their own relations to a large degree. However, with the Union holding more weight as a single entity, there are at times attempts to speak with one voice, notably on trade and energy matters. The High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy personifies this role.
Euroscepticism in the United Kingdom is a continuum of belief ranging from the opposition to certain political policies of the European Union to the complete opposition to the United Kingdom’s membership of the European Union. It has been a significant element in the politics of the United Kingdom (UK). A 2009 Eurobarometer survey of EU citizens showed support for membership of the EU was lowest in the United Kingdom, alongside Latvia and Hungary.
The European Council on Foreign Relations (ECFR) is a pan-European think tank with offices in seven European capitals. Launched in October 2007, it conducts research on European foreign and security policy and provides a meeting space for decision-makers, activists and influencers to share ideas. ECFR builds coalitions for change at the European level and promotes informed debate about Europe's role in the world. ECFR has offices in Berlin, London, Madrid, Paris, Rome, Warsaw and Sofia.
Pierre Vimont is a French diplomat who served as the Executive Secretary-General of the European External Action Service (EEAS) from 2010 until 2015. His current rank in the French civil service is "Ambassadeur de France", which is properly not a rank but a "dignity" bestowed upon a diplomat for life. He is a senior fellow at Carnegie Europe.
Victoria Grace Ford is a British Conservative Party politician who served as Minister of State for Development from 6 September to 25 October 2022. She has served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Chelmsford since 2017. She is a former investment banker, district councillor, and was a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for the East of England from 2009 to 2017.
Lykke Friis is Prorector for Education at the University of Copenhagen and is a former Danish politician for the party Venstre and former Minister for Climate and Energy and equal rights. Prior to her political career she has once before been Prorector at the University of Copenhagen and held the position from 2006 - 2009. Prior to her appointment as government minister, she was not a member of Venstre.
Sovereign Poland, also known as United Poland, until 2023, is a Catholic-nationalist political party in Poland led by Zbigniew Ziobro. It was founded in 2012, as the Catholic-nationalist split from the Law and Justice, with whom they later formed the United Right alliance in 2014.
Fredrik Wesslau is a diplomat specialized in conflict resolution and post-conflict stabilisation.
The Eurosphere or the European Empire is a concept associated with the public intellectual Mark Leonard, Oxford University academic Jan Zielonka, the European Union Director-General for Politico-Military Affairs Robert Cooper and the former European Commission President José Manuel Barroso.
Martin Lidegaard (born 12 December 1966) is a Danish politician who has been the leader of the Social Liberal Party since 2022. He was Denmark's Foreign Minister in the government of Prime Minister Helle Thorning-Schmidt from 2014 to 2015, having previously been the Minister of Climate, Energy and Building from 2011 to 2014.
Volker Stanzel is a retired German diplomat and the former ambassador of the Federal Republic of Germany to Japan and China as well as former Political Director. Since 2015 he works and publishes on political topics in Berlin, Germany.
Kati Piri is a Hungarian-born Dutch politician serving as a member of the House of Representatives since 2021. A member of the Labour Party (PvdA), she previously was a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) within the Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats from 2014 until 2021.
Marta Dassù is an Italian politician who served as Undersecretary of Foreign Affairs in the government led by Mario Monti from 2011 to 2013 and as Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs in the government of Enrico Letta from 2013 to 2014. She serves as Senior Director of European Affairs at the Aspen Institute and Editor-in-Chief of Aspen Institute Italia's journal, Aspenia. She is a regular contributor to the Italian newspaper La Stampa.
Nicolae "Nicu" Popescu is a Moldovan author and diplomat who served as Minister of Foreign Affairs and European Integration of Moldova from 6 August 2021 until 26 January 2024 in the Gavrilita and then Recean cabinets. He was also Moldova's Foreign Minister from 11 June - 14 November 2019 in the Sandu Cabinet. Until his appointment, he was the director of the Wider Europe programme of the European Council on Foreign Relations and visiting professor at Sciences Po-Paris.
José Ignacio Torreblanca Payá is a Spanish political analyst and political scientist. Working as opinion writer for El Mundo since 2018, he was the op-ed editor of El País from 2016 to 2018.
Hanspeter Kriesi is a professor of political science at the European University Institute in Florence where he holds the Stein Rokkan Chair in Comparative Politics. Previously, he has been teaching at the universities of Amsterdam, Geneva and Zurich. He was born in Bischofszell, Switzerland.
Nathalie Tocci is an Italian political scientist and international relations expert. She specializes in the role of the European Union (EU) in international affairs and peacekeeping, and the relationship between European states. She has served as the Director of the Istituto Affari Internazionali, and has also worked as an advisor to the government of Italy and to EU officials on foreign policy issues.
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