Marta Rodriguez | |
---|---|
Born | Bogota, Colombia | 1 December 1933
Occupation | Documentary filmmaker |
Notable work |
|
Spouse | Jorge Silva |
Marta Rodriguez (born 1 December 1933) is a prolific Colombian documentary filmmaker, producer, director, and writer. Rodriguez was married to Jorge Silva, who served as co-director on many of their projects. Her notable films include Chircales (1972), Campesinos (1975), and Nuestra voz de tierra, memoria y futuro (1982). Her works focuses on the lives and experiences of Colombia's working class. She is considered a pioneer of anthropological documentary filmmaking in Latin America. [1] [2]
Marta Rodriguez was born on 1 December 1933 in Bogotá, Colombia, and became the youngest daughter of the widowed mother of 4. According to Rodriguez, her mother came from a poor village and worked as a teacher in a country school. Her father, on the contrary, was a successful coffee exporter. He died unexpectedly when Marta was still in womb. In 1953, the mother sold a family farm and took the family to Spain so that all her children could study there. In 1957, Rodriguez went to Paris, where she met a priest Antonio Hortelano. Through him, she found employment at the La Roquette women's prison. While helping Hortelano with Spanish itinerant workers, she saw the scenes that made her want to create movies. When she returned to Bogotá in 1958, in a small cineclub she met Jorge Silva, her future husband and cinematographer of all her films [a] . [4] [5] [3] [6]
In Colombia, Rodriguez entered the National University and studied sociology under Camilo Torres, who influenced her greatly and shaped her social and political views. In 1961, Rogriguez went back to Paris and enrolled in a program of studies at the Musée de l'Homme. In 1962-64, she studied ethnographic film classes with Jean Rouch. When she got back to Colombia in 1965, she pursued fllmmaking. Jorge Silva, who already had some experience in filmmaking, became her cinematographer, up until his death in 1987 they were partners and co-creators. [5] [3] [6]
Over her five-decade career, Rodriguez has directed over eighteen films, written ten, and produced four movies. [5] [7] Her films focus on the living and working conditions of the lower socio-economic working class of Colombia, with an emphasis on indigenous and native peoples. Usually, her documentaries take several years to produce not only due to limited budgets, but more importantly because they require anthropological investigation and analyses. She always made sure that the documentary was turned back to its subjects so that they could debate it, reflect it and transform their lives. [3]
The 1960s and the 1970s were the decades of militant films — politically and socially charged documentaries. In the 1980s, Rodriguez and Silva felt that that genre was exhausted and lost its expressive power. Gradually they progressed into making "documentalized fiction" with an entire mythical dimension, at that point they started using actors. [8] [3]
After the death of Silva in 1987, Rodríguez remained active as a director. She focused on work with indigenous communities of Colombia. [9] [10] [11]
Since 2019, Rodriguez has been focused on archive materials and produced documentaries based on the research made in the 1970s. [9]
Chiracles is a documentary film about a family of bricklayers living in Bogota, Colombia. It was filmed across a period of six years between 1966 and 1972. Chiracles highlights the religious, social and political experiences of the Castaneda family to expose the exploitation faced by those of similar low class and social standing. [12] [3]
The film was screened at numerous international film festivals and received many awards, including the Golden Dove for the Best Film at the Leipzig International Film Festival, FIPRESCI Best Film Award, etc. [13]
Campesinos is a 1975 documentary directed by Rodriguez centering on the Colombian indigenous farmers movement in the early years of the 1970s. Campesinos documents the injustices peasant workers endure working on coffee farms due to their indigenous cultural identities. [14]
Nuestra voz de tierra, memoria y futuro is a 1982 documentary film directed by Rodriguez and Silva. Rodriguez focuses on the Coconuco indigenous community of Colombia in their struggle to maintain their culture and land in the face of encroaching developed civilization. [15] Andean culture was eroding due to external pressure forcing the symbolic and literal eradication of a people trying to preserve their ways of life. Rodriguez highlights the myths, legends, and traditions important to Coconuco culture, and unfortunately at risk of erasure due to modernization.
Amor, mujeres y flores is a 1988 documentary film directed by Rodriguez and Silva. This film highlights the dangerous working conditions of women in the Colombian flower industry. Colombia is one of the main international suppliers of flowers to the United States, yet the environments in which thousands of Colombian women work are incredibly dangerous and hazardous to their health. The film emphasizes the detrimental effects of exposure to pesticide which several workers reveal have caused headaches, blindness, miscarriage and even cancer. [16] [17] The movie was financially supported by the Interamerican Foundation and the British Channel Four. With the Amor, mujeres y flores, Rodriguez and Silva toured Germany with a campaign against pesticides and the chemical companies, such as Bayer. [3]
Carlos Alberto Vives Restrepo is a Colombian singer, songwriter and actor. He is known for his interpretation of traditional music styles of Colombia such as vallenato, cumbia, champeta, bambuco and porro as well as genres such as Latin pop, reggaeton, dance pop and tropical music.
Cinema of Colombia refers to film productions made in Colombia, or considered Colombian for other reasons. Colombian cinema, like any national cinema, is a historical process with industrial and artistic aspects.
Vanessa Guzmán Niebla is a Mexican actress, model and beauty pageant titleholder. She was Nuestra Belleza México in 1995, and represented her country in the 1996 Miss Universe pageant.
The Tampere Film Festival is a short film festival held every March, mostly at the Finnkino Plevna movie theatre, in Tampere, Finland. It is accredited by the film producers' society FIAPF, and together with the short film festivals in Oberhausen and Clermont-Ferrand, it is among the most important European short film festivals.
Naty Botero is a Colombian model and singer. Born in Medellín, she moved to Bogotá at a young age and stayed there through high school.
Natalia Toledo Paz is a Mexican poet who writes in Spanish and Zapotec. Her work helped to revive interest in the Zapotec language. Ida Kozlowska-Day states that Toledo is "one of the most recognized contemporary poets in the native languages of Mexico."
Silvestre Francisco Dangond Corrales is a Colombian singer. He attributes his talents to his father, the singer William José "El Palomo" Dangond Baquero, who during the mid-1970s recorded 10 singles with Andrés "El Turco" Gil; and his mother, who comes from a musical family and passed down her charismatic nature to him, while also playing a major role in his formal and personal education.
Fanny Lucía Martínez Buenaventura, better known professionally as Fanny Lu, is a Colombian singer, songwriter, and actress from Santiago de Cali, Colombia. She studied at the University of the Andes and received a degree in industrial engineering. She is the mother of two children, Mateo and Valentina.
Marta Romero was a Puerto Rican actress and singer, and one of the pioneers in Puerto Rican television.
As established in the Colombian Constitution of 1991, women in Colombia have the right to bodily integrity and autonomy; to vote ; to hold public office; to work; to fair wages or equal pay; to own property; to receive an education; to serve in the military in certain duties, but are excluded from combat arms units; to enter into legal contracts; and to have marital, parental and religious rights. Women's rights in Colombia have been gradually developing since the early 20th Century.
Elluz Coromoto Peraza González is a Venezuelan actress and beauty pageant winner who was crowned Miss Venezuela 1976. She resigned on May 24, 1976, because she married two days after her coronation.
Sabina Olmos (1913–1999) pseudonym of Rosa Herminia Gómez Ramos was an Argentine film actress of the Golden Age of Argentine Cinema (1940–1960).
Aurelia Del Carmen Guarini is an Argentine anthropologist, teacher, film director, and film producer specializing in anthropological documentary films. She teaches visual anthropology and directs documentaries in Argentina and in Cuba. She serves on the documentary projects' evaluation committee at the National Institute of Cinema and Audiovisual Arts and participates in Cine Ojo projects.
Renée Méndez Capote y Chaple, also known by the pseudonyms Io-san, Berenguela, and Suzanne, was a Cuban writer, essayist, journalist, translator, suffragist, and feminist activist. She worked in children's literature, short stories, essays, and biographies.
Ángel InfanteCruz was a popular Mexican actor and singer of the Golden Age of Mexican cinema. He appeared in more than 120 films, 47 of which were great successes. In more than 30 films he appeared alongside his younger brother, the actor and singer Pedro Infante, who died in an aviation accident in 1957. Ángel Infante was known for having visited Cuba on eight occasions, and even having presented his pistols as a gift to Fidel Castro. His daughter is the TV actress Sonia Infante. He appeared in films such as The Two Orphans, Corner Stop, Women's Prison, Here Comes Martin Corona, My General's Women, Full Speed Ahead, What Has That Woman Done to You?, The Atomic Fireman, and Love for Sale.
Elsa y Elmar is the name of the musical project of Elsa Carvajal, a singer-songwriter from Colombia. The music of Elsa y Elmar can be described as synth-pop, and it integrates elements of folk, tropical, and Latin music. In 2014 Carvajal won the Grand Prize in the Latin category of the John Lennon Songwriting Contest for her song "Me Viene Bien", and in 2016 she played in front of 40,000 people as the opening act for Coldplay at their concert at the Estadio El Campín in Bogotá. Since 2018 she has lived in Mexico.
Sofía Sara Hübner Bezanilla, also known as Sara Hübner de Fresno and by her literary pseudonym Magda Sudermann, was a Chilean feminist writer, journalist, and editor.
Sylvia Elvira Infantas Soto was a Chilean singer, actress, and folklorist.
Carmen Ruiz Hernández is a Spanish actress primarily known for her television work although she has also done theatre and film. She earned early visibility in her career for her performances in Mujeres and Yo soy Bea. She has since featured in series such as Con el culo al aire, Gym Tony, Matadero, Madres. Amor y vida or Deudas.
The Brickmakers, originally released under the title Chiracles, is a Colombian documentary film released in 1972. It was directed by Marta Rodriguez, who also wrote the script, and her husband, Jorge Silva, and filmed from 1966 to 1972. It tells the story of the Castañeda family who eke out a meager living making bricks on the outskirts of Bogotá.