Memorial is an international human rights organisation, founded in Russia during the fall of the Soviet Union to study and examine the human rights violations and other crimes committed under Joseph Stalin's reign. Subsequently, it expanded the scope of its research to cover the entire Soviet period. Memorial is the recipient of numerous awards, among others the Nobel Peace Prize in 2022.
The Central Bank of the Russian Federation, commonly known as the Bank of Russia, also called the Central Bank of Russia (CBR), is the central bank of the Russian Federation. The bank was established on 13 July 1990. It traces its beginnings to the State Bank of the Russian Empire established in 1860.
Melodiya is a Russian record label. It was the state-owned major record company of the Soviet Union.
Joint Stock Company "Goznak" is a Russian joint-stock company responsible for research and development as well as manufacturing security products including banknotes, coins, stamps, identity cards, secure documents, state orders and medals, as well as providing secure services. It incorporates seven factories and one research and development institute involved in different stages of the development, research, and manufacturing cycle.
Soviet foreign trade played only a minor role in the Soviet economy. In 1985, for example, exports and imports each accounted for only 4 percent of the Soviet gross national product. The Soviet Union maintained this low level because it could draw upon a large energy and raw material base, and because it historically had pursued a policy of self-sufficiency. Other foreign economic activity included economic aid programs, which primarily benefited the less developed Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (COMECON) countries of Cuba, Mongolia, and Vietnam.
India has enjoyed close bilateral ties with the Russian Federation, formerly the USSR, since the independence of India in 1947. During the Cold War, India and the USSR formed a strong and strategic relationship; this diplomatic unity was further strengthened with both nations’ shared military ideals, as well as their overall economic policies. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Russia kept the same close ties to India; in international terms, both nations share a special relationship. Russia and India, both, consider their mutual affinity to be a "special and privileged strategic partnership". Their governments support the creation of a multipolar world order in which both nations are "poles".
Russia–Turkmenistan relations are the bilateral relations between Russia and Turkmenistan. Russia has an embassy in Ashgabat and a consulate-general in Türkmenbaşy. Turkmenistan has an embassy in Moscow. In 1885 the modern-day Turkmenistani region became absorbed into the Russian Empire. After 1924 it became a Soviet Socialist Republic within the Soviet Union until declaring independence in 1991. The two nations have thus been mutually friendly for the past centuries.
Russia–Syria relations are the bilateral relations between Russia and Syria. Russia has an embassy in Damascus and Syria has an embassy in Moscow. Russia enjoys a historically strong, stable, and friendly relationship with Syria, as it did with most countries within the Arab World up until the Arab Spring. Russia's only Mediterranean naval base for its Black Sea Fleet is located in the Syrian port city of Tartus.
The Russian Federation and the Kingdom of Spain, a member state of the European Union, have bilateral foreign relations. Spain and the Grand Duchy of Moscow first exchanged envoys in 1520s; regular embassies were established in 1722. The two countries share a long history of relations, characterized at times by close cooperation and at other times by deep hostility. Soviet-Spanish relations, once terminated after the Spanish Civil War, were gradually reestablished starting in 1963 and were fully established by 1977. Trade between the two countries amounted to two billion euros in 2008. In March 2009, the two countries signed an energy agreement providing national energy companies access to other party's domestic markets.
IPJSC Ingosstrakh is one of the major insurance companies of Russia, as well as a public joint-stock company. Headquartered in Moscow, Ingosstrakh is the legal successor of the Chief Agency of Foreign Insurance of the USSR, founded in 1947. In 1972, it transformed into a stock company with 100% government shares. It went private in 1992.
Kenya–Russia relations are bilateral relations between Kenya and Russia. Russia had established diplomatic relations with Kenya on December 14, 1963, and has since maintained good relations with the African Great Lakes country.
Mauritania–Russia relations are the bilateral foreign relations between the Russian Federation and Mauritania.
Aircraft manufacturing is an important industrial sector in Russia, employing around 355,300 people. The dissolution of the Soviet Union led to a deep crisis for the industry, especially for the civilian aircraft segment. The situation started improving during the middle of the first decade of the 2000s due to growth in air transportation and increasing demand. A consolidation programme launched in 2005 led to the creation of the United Aircraft Corporation holding company, which includes most of the industry's key companies. After 2022, reviving the passenger aircraft industry in Russia became the main goal.
Evgeny Petrovich Bazhanov was a Russian political scientist, historian, lecturer, writer and diplomat who was the President of the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation.
Yury Solomonovich Krymov is the pen name of Soviet novelist Yury Solomonovich Beklemishev. The variants Yuri Krimov and Iurii Krymov are common transliterations.
Socialism in one country was a Soviet state policy to strengthen socialism within the country rather than socialism globally. Given the defeats of the 1917–1923 European communist revolutions, Joseph Stalin encouraged the theory of the possibility of constructing socialism in the Soviet Union alone. The theory was eventually adopted as Soviet state policy.
Sovetsky Pisatel is a Soviet and Russian book publisher headquartered in Moscow, Russia. It focused on releasing the new works of Soviet authors. It was established in 1934, since 1938 served as the publisher for the Union of Soviet Writers, in 1992 it was turned into a commercial organization, owned by Arseny Larionov.
Big Book is a Russian literary award for best prose in Russian.
The sisters Galina Dmitrievna Chichagova and Olga Dmitrienva Chichagova were Russian graphic artists known especially for children's book illustration. They collaborated through their entire careers, and most of their published work is attributed to the both of them.
People's Publishing House (PPH) is an Indian publisher. It is headquartered in New Delhi. PPH publishes books on topics including politics, history, art and culture, novels, children's literature, autobiographies and others, but primarily caters to Marxist and progressive literature. PPH was officially established in 1942, when the British Indian government legalised the Communist Party of India. PPH was incorporated as a trust in 1947. The current publishers of PPH are Sudhakar Survaram Reddy, Bhalchandra Khanderao Kango, Narayana Kankanala and Atul Kumar Anjan
