Related Research Articles
Microbicides for sexually transmitted diseases are pharmacologic agents and chemical substances that are capable of killing or destroying certain microorganisms that commonly cause human infection.
The European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership or EDCTP is a partnership between the European Union (EU), Norway, Switzerland and developing countries and other donors, as well as the pharmaceutical industry, to enable clinical trials and the development of new medicines and vaccines against HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria. The need for global action against these diseases in order to promote poverty reduction has been recognised by the United Nations, the G8, and the African Union, and the program envisioned the provision of €600 million for the period 2003–2007 in order to translate medical research results into clinical applications relevant to the needs of developing countries.
The Institute of Tropical Medicine, officially known as Prince Leopold Institute of Tropical Medicine, is one of the world's leading institutes for training and research in tropical medicine and the organisation of health care in developing countries. Located in Antwerp, Belgium, the ITM also delivers outpatient, clinical and preventive services in tropical pathologies and sexually-transmitted diseases.
A microbicide is any biocidal compound or substance whose purpose is to reduce the infectivity of microbes, such as viruses or bacteria. One example is wood tar.
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs), also referred to as sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), are infections that are commonly spread by sexual activity, especially vaginal intercourse, anal sex and oral sex. STIs often do not initially cause symptoms, which results in a greater risk of passing the disease on to others. Symptoms and signs of STIs may include vaginal discharge, penile discharge, ulcers on or around the genitals, and pelvic pain. STIs can be transmitted to an infant before or during childbirth, which may result in poor outcomes for the infant. Some STIs can cause infertility.
CAPRISA 004 is the name of a clinical trial conducted by CAPRISA. This particular study was the first to show that a topical gel could reduce a person's risk of contracting HIV. The gel used in the study contained a microbicide.
CONRAD is a non-profit organization scientific research organization that works to improve the reproductive health of women, especially in developing countries. CONRAD was established in 1986 under a cooperative agreement between Eastern Virginia Medical School (EVMS) and the United States Agency for International Development(USAID). CONRAD’s products are developed primarily for women in low-resource settings, in that they are designed to be safe, affordable and user-friendly. CONRAD is led by Scientific and Executive Director Gustavo Doncel, M.D., Ph.D. Primary funding for CONRAD comes from the U.S. President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), with additional funding from The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
A rectal microbicide is a microbicide for rectal use. Most commonly such a product would be a topical gel inserted into the anus so that it make act as protection against the contract of a sexually transmitted infection during anal sex.
PRO 2000 is an experimental vaginal microbicide which has been proposed as a preventive medicine for reducing the risk of contracting HIV. It has never been recommended as an effective medicine to be used for any purpose. Some clinical trials have shown that under some conditions it may provide some protection against HIV.
A vaginal microbicide is a microbicide for vaginal use. Most commonly such a product would be a topical gel or cream inserted into the vagina so that it may treat some infection in the vagina, such as types of vaginitis.
BufferGel is the brand name of a spermicide and microbicide gel which is being tested for its potential development into a preventive medicine to stop the transmission of HIV.
The Microbicide Trials Network (MTN) is the leading United States government-funded research organization working in the field of microbicides for sexually transmitted diseases. The MTN particularly focuses on research into microbicides which would prevent HIV infection. The MTN is a member of HANC.
Dame Anne Mandall Johnson DBE FMedSci is a British epidemiologist, known for her work in the areas of HIV, sexually transmitted infections and infectious diseases.
Rectal douching is the act of rinsing the rectum with intent to clean it. An instance of this rinsing or a tool used to perform the rinse may be called a rectal douche.
Chlamydia research is the systematic study of the organisms in the taxonomic group of bacteria Chlamydiae, the diagnostic procedures to treat infections, the disease chlamydia, infections caused by the organisms, the epidemiology of infection and the development of vaccines. The process of research can include the participation of many researchers who work in collaboration from separate organizations, governmental entities and universities.
Helen Rees OBE GCOB is a medical researcher and the founder and Executive Director of the Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute of the University of Witwatersrand. She has led many HIV prevention and sexual and reproductive health studies and advised on vaccination strategies to help prevent various medical conditions.
Multipurpose prevention technologies (MPTs) are a class of products that deliver varied combinations of HIV prevention, other sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevention, and contraception. MPTs can combine contraception and HIV prevention, contraception and other STI prevention, or the prevention of multiple STIs.
Elizabeth Anne Bukusi FAAS is a research professor working within the field of obstetrics and gynaecology, and global health. Bukusi's main areas of research focus around sexually transmitted infections, women's health, reproductive health, and HIV care, prevention and treatment. Bukusi is the Chief Research Officer at the Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI) and led a "landmark" study on the use of PrEP in Kenya.
Andrea Cornwall is a British Professor of Global Development and Anthropology at SOAS, University of London, where she is also Pro-Director Research & Enterprise.
Sharon Louise Hillier is an American microbiologist. She is the Richard Sweet Endowed Chair in Reproductive Infectious Disease and vice chair of the department of obstetrics, gynecology and reproductive sciences at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) and Magee-Women's Research Institute.
References
- ↑ "Facts about Sexually Transmitted Diseases". www.std-gov.org.
- 1 2 "Research for Development - Public Private Research - Vaccines and Microbicides". dfid.gov.uk. 2011. Retrieved 20 November 2011.
- ↑ "Microbicides Development Programme".