 | This article may be a rough translation from Russian. It may have been generated, in whole or in part, by a computer or by a translator without dual proficiency.(September 2022) |
Mikhail Petrovich Sidko | |
|---|---|
| Born | 1936 |
| Occupation | engineer |
Mikhail Petrovich Sidko (born 1936, Kyiv) is a chemical engineer, inventor, and honoured innovator of the Ukrainian SSR. He is the last living survivor of the Babi Yar massacre. [1]
The family of Mikhail Sidko was to be evacuated by train, but because, that the elder brother forgot to release the pigeons - they got off him. [2]
On 28 September 1941, 2,000 ads in Russian were posted in Kyiv, Ukrainian and German: “All the Jews of the city of Kyiv and its environs should appear Monday 29 September 1941 by 8 o'clock in the morning at the corner of Melnikovskaya and Degtyarnaya streets (near the cemetery). Take your documents with you, valuables, as well as warm clothes and underwear. Who will not comply with this order, will be shot".
On 29 September, neighbours convinced my mother not to go to the gathering place, since the husband is Ukrainian and the children are Ukrainian and they returned home. [3]
On 30 September, the housekeeper Lushka brought the Germans to us, and the family was sent to Babi Yar. In the drive, Mikhail and his brother and several children were pulled out of the column by a German officer and a policeman. The policeman shouted: "rozbigaytes", shot in the air, and killed two guys, the rest fled home.
A week later, the janitor Lushka again handed over to the Gestapo. Their neighbour, Ivan Volksdeutsch, was the interpreter for the Gestapo. He told the Germans that Mikhail and his brother were Ukrainians, and they were released. [4]
Later, a neighbour settled with them - Sofia Krivorot-Baklanova with her daughter Galina. During the raids, Sofya Kondratyevna said, that Mikhail and his brother are her children, daughter - that they are her brothers. In 2004, the title of Righteous Among the Nations was awarded to Galina Elizarovna and Sofya Krivorot-Baklanova (posthumously).
Mikhail and his brother were stealing coal at the railway station, were caught and ended up in the Syrets death camp, where medical experiments were performed on them: froze feet, planted an encephalitis tick, gave injections. In the winter of 1942-1943, Grisha (brother) fled and in 1943 he kidnapped Mikhail. [5]
After the war, Mikhail Sidko completed his studies at school, and from the age of 13 he worked as a shoemaker, served in the army and settled in Cherkasy, where he worked at a chemical plant. After retirement he immigrated to Israel in 2000. [2]
Babi Yar or Babyn Yar is a ravine in the Ukrainian capital Kyiv and a site of massacres carried out by Nazi Germany's forces during its campaign against the Soviet Union in World War II. The first and best documented of the massacres took place on 29–30 September 1941, in which some 33,771 Jews were murdered. Other victims of massacres at the site included Soviet prisoners of war, communists and Romani people. It is estimated that a total of between 100,000 and 150,000 people were murdered at Babi Yar during the German occupation.
The Kyiv TV Tower is a 385 m-high (1,263 ft) lattice metal tower on Oranzhereina Street, Kyiv, Ukraine, and is the tallest structure in the country. The tower was built in 1973 while Kyiv was the capital of Ukrainian SSR. The tower was the tallest freestanding metal structure in the world It is used for radio and television broadcasting and is not open to the public. It is the tallest lattice tower in the world and sixth tallest structure in Europe.
Paul Blobel was a German Sicherheitsdienst (SD) commander and convicted war criminal who played a leading role in the Holocaust. He organised the Babi Yar massacre, the largest massacre of the Second World War at Babi Yar ravine in September 1941, pioneered the use of the gas van, and, following re-assignment, developed the gas chambers for the extermination camps. From late 1942 onwards, he led Sonderaktion 1005, wherein millions of bodies were exhumed at sites across Eastern Europe in an effort to erase all evidence of the Holocaust and specifically of Operation Reinhard. After the war, Blobel was tried at the Einsatzgruppen Trial and sentenced to death. He was executed in 1951.
Olena Ivanivna Teliha was a Ukrainian poet and activist of Ukrainian and Belarusian ethnicity.
Anatoly Vasilievich Kuznetsov was a Russian-language Soviet writer who described his experiences in German-occupied Kiev during World War II in his internationally acclaimed novel Babi Yar: A Document in the Form of a Novel. The book was originally published in a censored form in 1966 in the Russian language.
Volodymyr Panteleimonovych Bahaziy was a Ukrainian nationalist affiliated with Andriy Melnyk who was head of Kyiv City Administration under German occupation from October 1941 to February 1942.
Babi Yar: A Document in the Form of a Novel is a documentary novel by Anatoly Kuznetsov, about the Nazi occupation of Kyiv and the massacres at Babi Yar. The two-day murder of 33,771 Jewish civilians on 29–30 September 1941, in the Kyiv ravine was one of the largest single mass killings of the Holocaust.
The Death Match is a name given in postwar Soviet historiography to the football match played in Kyiv in Reichskommissariat Ukraine under occupation by Nazi Germany. The Kyiv city team Start, which represented the city's Bread Factory No.1, played several football games in World War II. The team was composed mostly of former professional footballers of Dynamo Kyiv and Lokomotyv Kyiv, all of whom were forced to work at the factory under the Nazi occupation authority and were made to produce bread for German soldiers.
Ivan Andriyovych Rohach was a Ukrainian journalist, poet, writer, and political activist.
Fedir Krychevsky was an influential Ukrainian early modernist painter. He was the brother of graphic designer Vasyl Krychevsky.
The Kiev-West or Syrets was a Nazi concentration camp or established in 1942 in Kyiv's western neighborhood of Syrets, part of Kyiv since 1799. The toponym was derived from a local small river. Some 327 inmates of the KZ Syrets were forced to remove all traces of mass murder at Babi Yar.
Paul Otto von Radomski was an SS functionary of Nazi Germany. During World War II, he commanded the Syrets concentration camp in the occupied Ukraine, and the Haidari concentration camp, near Athens, Greece.
Babi Yar, a ravine near Kyiv, was the scene of possibly the largest shooting massacre during the Holocaust. After the war, commemoration efforts encountered serious difficulty because of the policy of the Soviet Union. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, a number of memorials have been erected. The creation of the Babyn Yar Holocaust Memorial Center was initiated in 2016.
Poems about Babi Yar commemorate the massacres committed by the Nazi Einsatzgruppe during World War II at Babi Yar, in a ravine located within the present-day Ukrainian capital of Kyiv. In just one of these atrocities – taking place over September 29–30, 1941 – 33,771 Jewish men, women and children were killed in a single Einsatzgruppe operation.
Dina (Vera) Mironovna Pronicheva was a Soviet Jewish actress at the Kiev Puppet Theatre, military communications-trained 37th Army of the Soviet Union veteran, and a survivor of the 29–30 September 1941 Babi Yar massacre of Jews by Nazi German forces in Kyiv who also worked for the German occupation.
Makar Mykhaylovych Honcharenko, was a Ukrainian football player and coach. During his career, he played as a forward for a number of clubs, but most noticeably for Dynamo Kyiv.
Tetyana Yosypivna Markus was a member of the anti-Nazi underground in Kiev.
Babi Yar Holocaust Memorial Center, officially the Foundation and Babyn Yar Holocaust Memorial Center, is an educational institution that documents, explains and commemorates the Babi Yar shootings of September 1941 and aims to broaden and sustain the memory of The Holocaust in Eastern Europe, taking into account geopolitical changes during the 20th century. On September 29, 2016, President of Ukraine Petro Poroshenko, together with public figures and philanthropists, initiated the creation of the first Babi Yar Holocaust Memorial Center. The Memorial Center is planned to be opened in Kyiv, Ukraine, in 2025/26.
Babi Yar. Context, also known as Babyn Yar. Context, is a 2021 documentary film by the Ukrainian filmmaker Sergei Loznitsa that explores the prelude and aftermath of the World War II massacre of nearly 34,000 Jews at Babi Yar in Kyiv, Ukraine in September 1941.
The Artemivsk massacre, also referred to as "Bakhmut's Babi Yar", was a 1942 massacre of the Jewish inhabitants of the city of Artemivsk, in the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic of the Soviet Union. Somewhere between 1,200 and 3,000 Jews were killed or left to die within the city's alabaster mines.