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The Syrian opposition is an umbrella term for the groups that opposed the Assad family's Ba'athist regime in Syria. In July 2011, at the beginning of the Syrian civil war, defectors from the Syrian Arab Armed Forces formed the Free Syrian Army, a name that was later used by several armed factions during the conflict. In November 2012, political groups operating from abroad formed the Syrian National Coalition. In turn, the Coalition formed the Syrian Interim Government which operated first as a government-in-exile and, from 2016, in certain Turkish-occupied zones of Syria. In 2017, the Islamist group Tahrir al-Sham, unaffiliated to the Syrian National Coalition, formed the Syrian Salvation Government in the areas it controlled. Other groups that challenged Bashar al-Assad's rule during the civil war include the Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria, the Southern Front, the Revolutionary Commando Army and the jihadist organization known as the Islamic State.
The 18 July 2012 Damascus bombing of the National Security headquarters in Rawda Square, Damascus, killed and injured a number of top military and security officials of the Syrian government. Among the dead were the Syrian Defense Minister and Deputy Defense Minister. The bombing occurred during the Syrian Civil War, and is considered to be one of the most notorious events to affect the conflict. Syrian state-controlled television reported that it was a suicide attack while the opposition claimed it was a remotely detonated bomb.
The National Coalition of Syrian Revolution and Opposition Forces, commonly named the Syrian National Coalition (SNC), or the Syrian National Revolutionary Coalition (SNRC) is a coalition of opposition groups in the Syrian civil war that was founded in Doha, Qatar, in November 2012. Former imam of the Umayyad Mosque in Damascus, Moaz al-Khatib, considered a moderate, was elected the president of the coalition, and resigned on 21 April 2013. Riad Seif and Suheir Atassi, both prominent democracy activists and the latter a secular human rights advocate, were elected vice presidents. The post of a third vice president will remain vacant for a Kurdish figure to be elected. Mustafa Sabbagh was elected as the coalition's secretary-general. The coalition has a council of 114 seats, though not all of them are filled.
The Syrian revolution, also known as the Syrian Revolution of Dignity, was a series of mass protests and uprisings in Syria – with a subsequent violent reaction by the Syrian Arab Republic – lasting from March 2011 to December 2024, as part of the wider Arab Spring in the Arab world. The revolution, which demanded the end of the decades-long Assad family rule, began as minor demonstrations during January 2011 and transformed into large nation-wide protests in March. The uprising was marked by mass protests against the Ba'athist dictatorship of president Bashar al-Assad meeting police and military violence, massive arrests and a brutal crackdown, resulting in hundreds of thousands of deaths and tens of thousands wounded. 13 years after the start of the revolution, the Assad regime fell in 2024 after a series of rebel offensives.
Saudi Arabia–Syria relations refer to bilateral and economic relations between Saudi Arabia and the Syrian Arab Republic. Diplomatic ties between these two countries of the Middle East have long been strained by the major events in the region. Saudi Arabia has an embassy in Damascus, and Syria has an embassy in Riyadh. Both countries are members of the Arab League and share close cultural ties.
References
- ↑ "Bassam al Imadi". Syrian National Council. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 14 July 2012.
- 1 2 "Syrian dissident Mohammad Bassam Imadi calls for civilian safety zone". The Australian (The Times). 15 December 2011. Retrieved 14 July 2012.
- 1 2 Abu Nasr, Donna (13 July 2012). "Envoy quits post to join anti-Assad revolution". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 14 July 2012.
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