The Orange River is the longest river in South Africa and the Orange River Basin extends extensively into Namibia and Botswana to the north. It rises in the Drakensberg mountains in Lesotho, flowing westwards through South Africa to the Atlantic Ocean. The river forms part of the international borders between South Africa and Namibia and between South Africa and Lesotho, as well as several provincial borders within South Africa. Except for Upington, it does not pass through any major cities. The Orange River plays an important role in the South African economy by providing water for irrigation and hydroelectric power. The river was named the Orange River in honour of the Dutch ruling family, the House of Orange, by the Dutch explorer Robert Jacob Gordon. Other names include Gariep River, Groote River or Senqu River.
Gariep Dam located in South Africa, near the town of Norvalspont, bordering the Free State and Eastern Cape provinces. Its primary purpose is for irrigation, domestic and industrial use as well as for power generation.
The Vanderkloof Dam is situated approximately 130 km (81 mi) downstream from Gariep Dam and is fed by the Orange River, South Africa's largest river. Vanderkloof Dam is the second-largest dam in South Africa, having the highest dam wall in the country at 108 metres (354 ft). The dam was commissioned in 1977; it has a capacity of 3,187.557 million cubic metres (2,584,195 acre⋅ft) and a surface area of 133.43 square kilometres (51.52 sq mi) when full. Other rivers flowing into this dam are the Berg River, two unnamed streams coming in from the direction of Reebokrand, the Knapsak River, Paaiskloofspruit, Seekoei River, Kattegatspruit and the Hondeblaf River, in a clockwise direction.
Ebenezer Dam is an earth-fill type dam on the Groot Letaba River, near Tzaneen, Limpopo, South Africa. The Broederstroom also flows into the dam. It was established in 1959 and its primary purpose is for municipal and industrial usage. The dam's hazard potential has been ranked to be high.
Keerom Dam is an arch type dam located on the Nuy River, near Worcester, Western Cape, South Africa. It was established in 1954 and has been renovated in 1989. The primary purpose of the dam is to serve for irrigation and its hazard potential has been ranked high (3).
Loskop Dam is a combined gravity & arch type dam located on the Olifants River, near Groblersdal, Mpumalanga, South Africa. It was established in 1939 and has been renovated in 1979. The dam is situated in the Loskop Dam Nature Reserve and it serves mainly for irrigation purposes. The hazard potential of the dam has been ranked high (3).
Luphephe Dam is an arch type dam located on the Luphephe River, a tributary of the Nwanedi River, part of the Limpopo River basin. It is located 48 km to the SW of Musina, Limpopo, South Africa. It was established in 1964 and it serves mainly for irrigation purposes. The hazard potential of the dam has been ranked high (3).
Nwanedi Dam is an arch type dam located on the Nwanedi River, part of the Limpopo River basin. It is located in Limpopo Province, South Africa. It was established in 1964 and serves mainly for irrigation purposes. The hazard potential of the dam has been ranked high (3).
Ncora Dam is a gravity type dam located on the Tsomo River, near Tsomo, Eastern Cape, South Africa. It was established in 1972 and serves mainly for irrigation purposes. The hazard potential of the dam has been ranked high (3).
Welbedacht Dam is a concrete-gravity type dam situated in South Africa, and was established in 1973. Bloemfontein is the sixth-largest city in South Africa, with a population around 300 000. It is situated in the Modder River catchment, which has insufficient water resources to meet the growing water requirements. The water supply to Bloemfontein is, therefore, augmented from the adjacent Caledon River by means of the Caledon - Modder River Government Water Scheme (CMRGWS).
The Grassridge Dam is an earth-fill type dam located on a tributary of the Great Fish River called the Great Brak River, near Hofmeyr, Eastern Cape, South Africa. It is the starting point for the Fish River Canoe Marathon, which ends in Cradock. The Dam was constructed in 1923 and has been renovated in 1948. Its main purpose is for irrigation use and the hazard potential has been ranked high (3).
Hazelmere Dam is a combined concrete gravity type dam located on the Mdloti River, Kwazulu Natal, South Africa. It was established in 1977 and its primary purpose is to serve for irrigation and domestic use. The hazard potential of the dam assembly has been ranked high (3).
Injaka Dam, also spelled Inyaka Dam is an earth-fill type dam located on the Ngwaritsane River, near Bushbuckridge, Mpumalanga, South Africa. It was established in 2001 and its primary purpose is to store water for irrigation use. The hazard potential of the dam has been ranked as high (3).
Laing Dam is a gravity type dam located on the Buffalo River, near East London, Eastern Cape, South Africa. It was established in 1938 and has been renovated in 1950. The main purpose of the dam is to serve for irrigation and domestic use and its hazard potential has been ranked high (3).
The Crocodile River is a river in South Africa. After its confluence with the Marico River, both rivers form the Limpopo River.
Mthatha Dam is an earth-fill type dam located on the Mthatha River, near Mthatha, Eastern Cape, South Africa. It was established in 1977 and serves mainly for municipal and industrial purposes. Its hazard potential has been ranked high (3).
Sandile Dam is a zoned embankment dam located on the Keiskamma River Ezingcuka near Keiskammahoek, Eastern Cape, South Africa. It was established in 1983 and serves mainly for irrigation purposes. The hazard potential of the dam has been ranked high (3).
Vondo Dam is an earth-fill type dam located on the Mutshindudi River near Sibasa, Limpopo, South Africa. It was established in 1985 and has been renovated in 1994. The dam serves mainly for irrigation purposes and its hazard potential has been ranked high (3).
Westoe Dam is a concrete-gravity type dam located on the Usutu River near Amsterdam, Mpumalanga, South Africa. It was established in 1968 and has been renovated in 1973. The dam serves mainly for municipal and industrial water supply and its hazard potential has been ranked high (3).
