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The Nacioun gardiano is a maintenance association founded in 1904 in France. Its goal is to "maintain and glorify the costume, customs, and traditions of the country of Arles, the Camargue and the bullfighting countries".
Folco de Baroncelli-Javon, at the request of Frédéric Mistral, decided to involve the herdsmen in the Camargue festivities such as the abrivade, the ferrade, the Camargue race, etc. Faced with success, on 24 June 1904 at the mas de l'Amarèu, the Marquis and some of his friends founded the Coumitat Virginien. The ten founders were: Jules Grand de Marsillargues, captain, Jean Grand de Gallargues, secretary, Jean Bérard de Gallargues, treasurer, Folco de Baroncelli, Marcel Grand, Jules Arnaud, Émile Marignan, Henri Bérard, Alphonse Hébrard and Yvan Pranishnikoff. [1]
The tourist office of Provence, having organized a special trip from Marseille to Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer for some two hundred tourists on 17 May 1908, the Marquis de Baroncelli took the initiative to welcome them at the station, on horseback with his guardians, then accompanied them to the village. This caused a lot of noise and therefore “tradition” became one of the major assets of Saintain tourism. [2]
On 24 May 1935 the herdsmen welcomed the Saintes and Sara for the sea bath.
The association was declared in the official journal on 16 September 1909 under its name Nacioun Gardiano and its registered office in Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer. They chose a banner on which appears on one side the barque des Saintes, surmounted by the star with the seven rays of Félibrige, on the other side the blood and gold cross of Languedoc flanked by the war cry of the Albigensians "Toulouso, ( Prouvenço) e Avignoun ”. During the ceremonies it was tied to the shaft of the Camargue trident (lou ferri). [1]
Bouches-du-Rhône is a department in Southern France. It borders Vaucluse to the north, Gard to the west and Var to the east. The Mediterranean Sea lies to the south. Its prefecture and largest city is Marseille; other important cities include Aix-en-Provence, Arles, Martigues and Aubagne.
Camargue is a region of France located south of Arles, France, between the Mediterranean Sea and the two arms of the Rhône delta. The eastern arm is called the Grand Rhône; the western one is the Petit Rhône.
Aigues-Mortes is a commune in the Gard department in the Occitania region of southern France. The medieval city walls surrounding the city are well preserved. Situated on the junction of the Canal du Rhône à Sète and the Chenal Maritime to Le Grau-du-Roi, the town is a transit center for canal craft and Dutch barges.
Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer is the capital of the Camargue in the south of France. It is a commune in the Bouches-du-Rhône department by the Mediterranean Sea. Its 2012 population was 2,495, though it can swell to 500,000 during the summer holidays. It covers the second-largest area of all communes in Metropolitan France, smaller only than that of neighbouring Arles.
Houlgate is a small tourist resort in northwestern France along the English Channel with a beach and a casino. It is a commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region.
Saint Sarah, also known as Sara-la-Kâli, is the patron saint of the Romani people. The center of her veneration is Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer, a place of pilgrimage for Roma in the Camargue, in Southern France. Legend identifies her as the servant of one of the Three Marys, with whom she is supposed to have arrived in the Camargue.
The anchored cross, or mariner's cross, is a stylized cross in the shape of an anchor. It is a symbol which is shaped like a plus sign depicted with anchor-like fluke protrusions at its base. There are many variations on this symbol, but the most common form connects a ring with a bar, with a cross-bar, terminating on the other end with two curved branches or arrowheads. The anchor symbolizes hope, steadfastness, calm and composure. It also can symbolize security in one or more uncertain experiences of life, such as sea voyages, one's fate after death, and the vagaries of fortune.
A gardian is a mounted cattle herdsman in the Camargue delta in Provence, southern France. The work is akin to that of the Mexican charro, the North American cowboy, the Tuscan buttero or the Portuguese campino. Gardians ride Camargue horses.
Jacques de Baroncelli was a French film director best known for his silent films from 1915 to the late 1930s. He came from a Florentine family who had settled in Provence in the 15th century, occupying a building in the centre of Avignon then called the Baroncelli Palace. His father's side of the family were of Tuscan origin and part of the Ghibelline tradition, and they were hereditary Marquises of Javon. Though somewhat aristocratic, the family spoke Provençal, which was rather controversial at a time when it was considered to be a language of the common people. His older brother was Folco de Baroncelli-Javon,
The Camargue is a breed of domestic cattle native to the Camargue marshlands of the river delta of the Rhône in southern France. It is used for the traditional sport of course camarguaise, a kind of bloodless bull-fight, but not for the corrida, Iberian-style bull-fighting. It is one of two cattle breeds raised in semi-feral conditions in the Camargue; the other is the Brava or Race de Combat, a fighting breed. Since 1996 it has been officially known as the Provençal: Raço di Biòu.
Georges Dufrénoy was a French post-Impressionist painter associated with Fauvism.
Folco de Baroncelli-Javon, was a French writer and cattle farmer. As an influential gardian, he is an important figure in the traditional lifestyle and culture of the Camargue region of southern France.
Albin Théodore Denys Colomb de Daunant was a French writer, poet, photographer and filmmaker, best known for his work on the multi-award-winning 1953 short film White Mane. An aristocrat and modern dandy, he was an iconic figure of France's rural Camargue region.
The Mas de Malherbes is a provençal mas and a small hotel near Aimargues, in the south of France.
Jean de Baroncelli was a French writer. Having achieved some success as a novelist, in 1953 he became a film critic, contributing regularly for Le Monde till 1983.
Michel Duran, pen name of Michel Joseph Durand was a French actor, author, dialoguist and screenwriter. He was the son of Michel Jacques Durand and Marie Exbrayat.
Jeanne de Flandreysy, born Jeanne Mellier was a French author and literary critic. She was the author of many books about Provence, and she promoted Franco-Italian cultural exchanges.
The Brava or Race de Combat is a French breed of domestic cattle raised in the Camargue, the delta of the Rhône in southern France. It is bred specifically for bull-fighting, either Spanish-style or Portuguese-style. It is one of two cattle breeds raised in semi-feral conditions in the Camargue: the other is the Raço di Biòu or Camargue breed, which is not a fighting breed but is used in a bloodless bull-sport, the course camarguaise. The Brava derives from Iberian fighting cattle imported in the nineteenth century, and may also be known as the Espagnole Brava.
The Camargue cross, or the cross of Camargue or cross of the gardians, is a symbol for the French region of Camargue, created in 1926 by the painter Hermann-Paul at the request of Folco de Baroncelli-Javon to represent the "Camargue nation" of herdsmen and fishermen. It embodies the three theological virtues of Christianity: faith, hope, and charity.
The Church of the Saintes Maries de la Mer is a Romanesque fortified church built in the 9th century in Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer in Camargue, Bouches-du-Rhône, Provence. Dedicated to Mary, mother of Jesus and to The Three Marys, it is the subject of annual Roma pilgrimage. Since 1840, it has been classified as a French Historical Monument.
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