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Cybercrime, or computer-oriented crime, is a crime that involves a computer and a network. The computer may have been used in the commission of a crime, or it may be the target. Cybercrime may threaten a person or a nation's security and financial health.
InfraGard is a non-profit organization serving as a public-private partnership between U.S. businesses and the Federal Bureau of Investigation. The organization is an information sharing and analysis effort serving the interests, and combining the knowledge base of, a wide range of private sector and government members. InfraGard is an association of individuals that facilitates information sharing and intelligence between businesses, academic institutions, state and local law enforcement agencies, and other participants dedicated to prevent hostile acts against the United States. InfraGard's mutual nondisclosure agreements among its members (individuals) and the FBI promotes trusted discussions of vulnerabilities and solutions that companies and individuals may be hesitant to place in the public domain and provide access to additional threat information from the FBI.
Fortinet is an American multinational corporation headquartered in Sunnyvale, California. It develops and markets cybersecurity products and services, such as firewalls, anti-virus, intrusion prevention and endpoint security.
Cyberwarfare is the use of technology to attack a nation, causing comparable harm to actual warfare. There is significant debate among experts regarding the definition of cyberwarfare, and even if such a thing exists. One view is that the term 'cyberwarfare' is a misnomer, since no offensive cyber actions to date could be described as 'war'. Offensive cyber actions, such as those in Estonia in 2007, Georgia in 2008, Iran in 2010, and in North Korea have occurred in the context of international relations, only resulting in condemnation and denial by sides. An alternative view is that 'cyberwarfare' is a suitable label for cyber attacks which cause physical damage to people and objects in the real world.
The Erie Explosion was a professional American indoor football team based in Erie, Pennsylvania. Founded in 2007 as the Pittsburgh RiverRats, the Explosion played in the Professional Indoor Football League, the United Indoor Football League, the Southern Indoor Football League, the Continental Indoor Football League and the American Indoor Football Association and operated continuously from 2007 to 2015.
Qualys, Inc. provides cloud security, compliance and related services and is based in Foster City, California. Founded in 1999, Qualys was the first company to deliver vulnerability management solutions as applications through the web using a "software as a service" (SaaS) model, and as of 2013 Gartner Group for the fifth time gave Qualys a "Strong Positive" rating for these services. It has added cloud-based compliance and web application security offerings.
Canada–New Zealand relations refers to international relations between New Zealand and Canada. New Zealand and Canada have a longstanding relationship that has been fostered by both countries' shared history and culture, and links between residents of both countries. The two countries are former British Dominions and still have a common head of state in Queen Elizabeth II. New Zealand and Canada also have links through business or trade relations, the United Nations, the Commonwealth of Nations and mutual treaty agreements. New Zealand-Canada relations are therefore important to both countries.
DarkMarket was an English-speaking internet cybercrime forum created by Renukanth Subramaniam in London that was shut down in 2008 after FBI agent J. Keith Mularski infiltrated it using the alias Master Splyntr, leading to more than 60 arrests worldwide. Subramaniam, who used the alias JiLsi, admitted conspiracy to defraud and was sentenced to nearly five years in prison in February 2010.
United States Cyber Command (USCYBERCOM) is one of the eleven unified commands of the United States' Department of Defense. It unifies the direction of cyberspace operations, strengthens DoD cyberspace capabilities, and integrates and bolsters DoD's cyber expertise.
Operation Aurora was a series of cyber attacks conducted by advanced persistent threats such as the Elderwood Group based in Beijing, China, with ties to the People's Liberation Army. First publicly disclosed by Google on January 12, 2010, in a blog post, the attacks began in mid-2009 and continued through December 2009.
F. William "Bill" Conner is an American business executive.
The Criminal, Cyber, Response, and Services Branch (CCRSB) is a service within the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). Created in 2002 as part of the U.S. government's post-9/11 response, the CCRSB is responsible for investigating financial crime, white-collar crime, violent crime, organized crime, public corruption, violations of individual civil rights, and drug-related crime. In addition, the Branch also oversees all computer-based crime related to counterterrorism, counterintelligence, and criminal threats against the United States.
The dark web is the World Wide Web content that exists on darknets, overlay networks that use the Internet but require specific software, configurations, or authorization to access. The dark web forms a small part of the deep web, the part of the Web not indexed by web search engines, although sometimes the term deep web is mistakenly used to refer specifically to the dark web.
AlphaBay Market was an online darknet market which operated on an onion service of the Tor network. It was shut down after a law enforcement action as a part of Operation Bayonet against it in the United States, Canada, and Thailand, reported 13 July 2017. The alleged founder, Alexandre Cazes, a Canadian citizen born on 19 October 1991, was found dead in his cell in Thailand several days after his arrest; suicide is suspected.
TheRealDeal was a darknet website and a part of the cyber-arms industry reported to be selling code and zero-day software exploits.
A darknet market or cryptomarket is a commercial website on the web that operates via darknets such as Tor or I2P. They function primarily as black markets, selling or brokering transactions involving drugs, cyber-arms, weapons, counterfeit currency, stolen credit card details, forged documents, unlicensed pharmaceuticals, steroids, and other illicit goods as well as the sale of legal products. In December 2014, a study by Gareth Owen from the University of Portsmouth suggested the second most popular sites on Tor were darknet markets.
Jason Wolfe is an American businessman and entrepreneur who is the founder and CEO of several companies, including GiftCards.com, Gift Card Granny, and GiftYa, the largest online retailer of gift cards.
dark0de a.k.a. Darkode, is a cybercrime forum and black marketplace described by Europol as "the most prolific English-speaking cybercriminal forum to date". The site, which launched in 2007, serves as a venue for the sale and trade of hacking services, botnets, malware, and other illicit goods and services.
The Tor Carding Forum (TCF) was a Tor-based forum specializing in the trade of stolen credit card details, identity theft and currency counterfeiting. The site was founded by an individual known as 'Verto' who also founded the now defunct Evolution darknet market.
Carding is a term describing the trafficking of credit card, bank account and other personal information online. Activities also encompass procurement of details, and money laundering techniques. Modern carding sites have been described as full-service commercial entities. Since it is not a crime that is committed online, carding is not a form of crime and often intertwined with other types of e-fencing.
References
- ↑ "About the NCFTA" . Retrieved 16 August 2015.
- ↑ Vamosi, Robert (16 October 2008). "Report: DarkMarket was FBI sting operation site" . Retrieved 16 August 2015.
- ↑ Hong, Nicole (13 August 2015). "Private-Public Collaboration Puts Pittsburgh at Fore of Cybercrime Fight" . Retrieved 16 August 2015.
