National DNA Data Bank of Canada

Last updated

The National DNA Data Bank of Canada (NDDB) is a national DNA Database that was set up in 2000. Managed by the RCMP, it provide matches to convicted offenders and offer a memory repository for cold cases. [1] The database hold 693,863 DNA profiles as of July 15, 2024. [2]

Contents

History

The first DNA analysis in Canada for investigative purposes was in April of 1989. The RCMP utilized the method to aid in the investigation of a sexual assault in Ottawa, Ontario. The suspect in the case denied allegations made by the victim. Subsequent use of DNA forensic analysis confirmed the suspect to be the perpetrator. [3]

In 1995, Bill C-104 was unanimously passed by the parliament. This enabled provincial court judges to issue police warrants for obtaining biological samples from suspects in a criminal investigation. [4]

In 1998, the DNA Identification Act was enacted by the parliament. The Act established a new law governing the creation and administration of a national DNA database. It updated the Criminal Code to allow a judge to authorize collection of bodily substances from a person found guilty of designated offences. Same year, after the Swissair Flight 111 disaster, a special DNA typing task force led by the RCMP used the technology to help identify human remains. [5]

In 2000, National DNA Data Bank was officially launched. The legislation enabled this time, allowed military judges to make post-conviction DNA data bank orders. [6]

National Missing Persons DNA Program

National Missing Persons DNA Program (NMPDP) is an initiative established by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police in 2018 to support missing persons and unidentified remains investigations. [7]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Royal Canadian Mounted Police</span> Federal police service

The Royal Canadian Mounted Police is the national police service of Canada. The RCMP is an agency of the Government of Canada; it also provides police services under contract to 11 provinces and territories, over 150 municipalities, and 600 Indigenous communities. The RCMP is commonly known as the Mounties in English.

Firearms in Canada are federally regulated through the Firearms Act, the Criminal Code, and the Canadian Firearms Program, currently a program operated within the RCMP. Regulation is largely about licensing and registration of firearms, including air guns with a muzzle velocity of more than 500 ft/s or 150 m/s and muzzle energy greater than 4.2 ft⋅lb or 5.7 J.

Witness protection is security provided to a threatened person providing testimonial evidence to the justice system, including defendants and other clients, before, during, and after trials, usually by police. While witnesses may only require protection until the conclusion of a trial, in particularly extreme cases, some witnesses are provided with new identities and may live out the rest of their lives under government protection. Protection is typically needed when their safety is at risk due to the potential for retaliation. The program aims to ensure their safety and encourage them to cooperate with law enforcement by providing information that can help solve cases and bring criminals to justice. It is an important tool in maintaining the integrity of the justice system and protecting those who are willing to come forward with crucial information.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Royal Canadian Mounted Police Protective Policing</span> Protective services by the RCMP

The Protective Policing Service, operated by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, provides security details for domestic and foreign VIPs when abroad.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Canadian Firearms Program</span> Canadian government program

Canadian Firearms Program, formerly Canada Firearms Centre is a Canadian government program within the Royal Canadian Mounted Police Policing Support Services, responsible for licensing and regulating firearms in Canada.

Integrated National Security Enforcement Teams are Canadian counterterrorist, counter-foreign interference, and counter-espionage units operating under the auspices of Public Safety Canada. These federal investigative teams were formed in 2002 in response to the September 11 attacks.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Controversies surrounding the Royal Canadian Mounted Police</span> List of controversial events (1920 - present) that involve the RCMP

The Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) has a history dating back to 1873 and has been involved in several high-profile controversies.

A DNA database or DNA databank is a database of DNA profiles which can be used in the analysis of genetic diseases, genetic fingerprinting for criminology, or genetic genealogy. DNA databases may be public or private, the largest ones being national DNA databases.

The Yukon order of precedence is a nominal and symbolic hierarchy of important positions within the territory of Yukon. It has no legal standing but is used to dictate ceremonial protocol at events of a territorial nature.

  1. The King of Canada
  2. The Governor General of Canada
  3. The Commissioner of Yukon
  4. Members of the Canadian Royal Family
  5. The Premier of Yukon
  6. The Speaker of the Yukon Legislative Assembly
  7. The Justices of the Supreme Court of Yukon
  8. Members of the Executive Council of Yukon
  9. The Leader of the Official Opposition
  10. Members of the Yukon Legislative Assembly with precedence governed by the date of their first election to the Legislature
  11. Member of the Senate for the Yukon
  12. Member of Parliament for the Yukon
  13. Yukon First Nation Chiefs and Council of Yukon First Nations
  14. Bishops of Roman Catholic and Anglican faiths with precedence determined by order of appointment
  15. R.C.M.P. Divisional Commanding Officer
  16. Armed Forces Commander
  17. Judges of the Territorial Court of Yukon
  18. The Mayor of Whitehorse
  19. Yukon Government Deputy Ministers and senior Yukon Government officials with the status of Deputy Ministers, with precedence according to the respective dates of their appointments to the position

The Canadian Police Information Centre is the central police database where Canada's law enforcement agencies can access information on a number of matters. It is Canada's only national law enforcement networking computer system ensuring officers all across the country can access the same information. There are approximately 3 million files generated each year and is the responsibility of the originating agency to ensure the data integrity of each file.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Combined DNA Index System</span> United States national DNA database

The Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) is the United States national DNA database created and maintained by the Federal Bureau of Investigation. CODIS consists of three levels of information; Local DNA Index Systems (LDIS) where DNA profiles originate, State DNA Index Systems (SDIS) which allows for laboratories within states to share information, and the National DNA Index System (NDIS) which allows states to compare DNA information with one another.

The Corruption of Foreign Public Officials Act is an anti-corruption law in force in Canada. It was passed in 1999, ratifying the OECD Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions and is often referred to as the Canadian equivalent to the United States' Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">National Forensic DNA Database of South Africa</span>

The National Forensic DNA Database of South Africa (NFDD) is a national DNA database used in law enforcement in South Africa. The Criminal Law Amendment Act No. 37 of 2013 provides for the expansion and administration of such a database in South Africa, enabling the South African Police Service (SAPS) to match forensic DNA profiles derived from samples collected at crime scenes with forensic DNA profiles of offenders convicted of, and suspects arrested for, offences listed in a new Schedule 8 of the amended Criminal Procedure Act of 1977.

The RCMP "C" Division is the Royal Canadian Mounted Police division responsible for federal policing in the Province of Quebec. Approximately 1,500 police officers, civilian members and public servants work to a number of different lines of effort, including financial integrity, national and border security, and organized crime enforcement. The RCMP in Quebec relies on dedicated resources to conduct investigations, provide VIP protective services and undertake crime prevention initiatives in communities in all areas of Quebec.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women</span>

Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women (MMIW), also known as Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls (MMIWG) and more broadly as Missing and Murdered Indigenous Relatives (MMIR) or Missing and Murdered Indigenous People (MMIP), are instances of violence against Indigenous women in Canada and the United States, notably those in the First nations in Canada and Native American communities, but also amongst other Indigenous peoples such as in Australia and New Zealand, and the grassroots movement to raise awareness of MMIW through organizing marches; building databases of the missing; holding local community, city council, and tribal council meetings; and conducting domestic violence trainings and other informational sessions for police.

The D Division is the division of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police responsible for federal policing in Manitoba and, at times, northwestern Ontario. Headquartered in Winnipeg, the division is commanded by Assistant Commissioner Scott McMurchy and consists of 1089 police officers and 438 support staff.

ProjectE-Pana is a Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) task force created in 2005 with the purpose of solving cases of missing and murdered persons along a section of Highway 16, all female, between Prince Rupert, British Columbia and Prince George, British Columbia, dubbed the Highway of Tears. Though it started with the scope of investigating victims of Highway 16, within a year of formation, it morphed to include victims along Highways 5, 24 and 97. It is no longer specifically dedicated to Highway of Tears cases.

Gordon "Gordie" Edwin Sanderson, previously known as Septic Tank Sam, Sam Doe and Tofield John Doe, was a formerly unidentified Canadian murder victim who was found in a septic tank in 1977 at Lindbrook, Alberta, thirteen kilometres (8.1 mi) west of Tofield. His remains were identified in January 2021, and his identity was revealed five months later. The investigation into his homicide is ongoing.

The Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) is Canada's national police force established in 1920 after the Cabinet moved to have the Royal North-West Mounted Police absorb the Dominion Police. The RCMP's primary mandate is to maintain "peace and order," and Officers provide police services to all Canadian provinces, excluding Québec and Ontario, as well as to the three Canadian territories, and more than 180 municipalities and Indigenous communities.

References

  1. ↑ Milot, Emmanuel; Lecomte, Marie; Germain, Hugo; Crispino, Frank (2013). "The National DNA Data Bank of Canada: a Quebecer perspective". Frontiers in Genetics. 4: 249. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2013.00249 . ISSN   1664-8021. PMC   3834530 . PMID   24312124.
  2. ↑ Government of Canada, Royal Canadian Mounted Police (2020-12-14). "National DNA Data Bank statistics | Royal Canadian Mounted Police". www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca. Retrieved 2024-09-14.
  3. ↑ Crawford, Blair (2015-02-19). "A primer on DNA forensics". Ottawa Citizen. Retrieved 2020-03-03.
  4. ↑ "Government Bill (House of Commons) C-104 (35-1) - Royal Assent - An Act to amend the Criminal Code and the Young Offenders Act (forensic DNA analysis) - Parliament of Canada". www.parl.ca. Retrieved 2020-03-03.
  5. ↑ Government of Canada, Royal Canadian Mounted Police (2001-04-22). "History". www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca. Retrieved 2020-03-03.
  6. ↑ Government of Canada, Department of Justice (2002-07-29). "Department of Justice - Introduction - DNA Data Bank Legislation - Consultation Paper 2002". www.justice.gc.ca. Retrieved 2022-10-10.
  7. ↑ "Man found dead in Calgary the first to be identified using National Missing Persons DNA Program". Global News. Retrieved 2019-11-27.

See also

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.