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The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) was a voluntary government work relief program that ran from 1933 to 1942 in the United States for unemployed, unmarried men ages 18–25 and eventually expanded to ages 17–28. Robert Fechner was the first director of this agency, succeeded by James McEntee following Fechner's death. The CCC was a major part of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal that supplied manual labor jobs related to the conservation and development of natural resources in rural lands owned by federal, state, and local governments. The CCC was designed to supply jobs for young men and to relieve families who had difficulty finding jobs during the Great Depression in the United States. The largest enrollment at any one time was 300,000. Through the course of its nine years in operation, three million young men took part in the CCC, which provided them with shelter, clothing, and food, together with a wage of $30 per month.
The National Science Foundation Network (NSFNET) was a program of coordinated, evolving projects sponsored by the National Science Foundation (NSF) from 1985 to 1995 to promote advanced research and education networking in the United States. The program created several nationwide backbone computer networks in support of these initiatives. Initially created to link researchers to the NSF-funded supercomputing centers, through further public funding and private industry partnerships it developed into a major part of the Internet backbone.
In the United States, federal grants are economic aid issued by the United States government out of the general federal revenue. A federal grant is an award of financial assistance from a federal agency to a recipient to carry out a public purpose of support or stimulation authorized by a law of the United States.
In the United States, a political action committee (PAC) is a 527 organization, that pools campaign contributions from members and donates those funds to campaigns for or against candidates, ballot initiatives, or legislation. The legal term PAC has been created in pursuit of campaign finance reform in the United States. This term is quite specific to all activities of campaign finance in the United States. Democracies of other countries use different terms for the units of campaign spending or spending on political competition. At the U.S. federal level, an organization becomes a PAC when it receives or spends more than $1,000 for the purpose of influencing a federal election, and registers with the Federal Election Commission (FEC), according to the Federal Election Campaign Act as amended by the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002. At the state level, an organization becomes a PAC according to the state's election laws.
Fundraising or fund-raising is the process of seeking and gathering voluntary financial contributions by engaging individuals, businesses, charitable foundations, or governmental agencies. Although fundraising typically refers to efforts to gather money for non-profit organizations, it is sometimes used to refer to the identification and solicitation of investors or other sources of capital for for-profit enterprises.
A charitable organization or charity is an organization whose primary objectives are philanthropy and social well-being.
The Combined Federal Campaign (CFC) is the workplace giving program of the federal government of the United States. The program is authorized by executive order 12353 of March 23, 1982, and is overseen by the United States Office of Personnel Management (OPM). Issued by President Reagan, the order states that a CFC objective is "to lessen the burdens of government and of local communities in meeting needs of human health and welfare ..." According to OPM's website, the mission of the CFC "is to promote and support philanthropy through a program that is employee focused, cost-efficient, and effective in providing all federal employees the opportunity to improve the quality of life for all".
The Foundation for a Better Life is a non-profit 501(c)(3) organization which was founded in 2000 to "promote good values". The foundation creates public service campaigns to share with others its interpretation of values, including honesty, caring, and optimism in order to create better social paradigms. The foundation communicates its message through television, outdoor advertising, theatre, radio, and the internet; it is best known for the "Pass It On" campaign in which viewers are encouraged to live by and pass on certain values, with the rationale that examples of individuals living values-based lives may not change the world but collectively they make a difference. While it officially declares itself a non-partisan and non-sectarian organization, it is funded solely by The Anschutz Family Foundation, which primarily receives its funding from conservative businessman Phillip Anschutz.
The American Society for the Defense of Tradition, Family and Property, also known as The American TFP, and legally incorporated as The Foundation for a Christian Civilization, Inc. is a Catholic national advocacy group. It an autonomous organization which forms part of the larger anticommunist international Tradition, Family and Property (TFP) movement founded by Brazilian intellectual, politician and activist Plinio Corrêa de Oliveira.
An international non-governmental organization (INGO) is an organization which is independent of government involvement and extends the concept of a non-governmental organization (NGO) to an international scope.
The Washington Legal Foundation (WLF) is a non-profit legal organisation located at 2007-2009 Massachusetts Avenue NW, on Embassy Row in Washington, D.C. Founded in 1977, the Foundation's stated goal is "to defend and promote the principles of freedom and justice." The organisation promotes pro-business and free-market positions and is widely perceived as conservative. WLF addresses a range of legal matters, including commercial free speech, corporate criminal liability, environmental regulation, food and drug law, health care, and intellectual property.
The National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) is an American foundation that was chartered by Congress in 1984 to increase the resources available for the conservation of the nation's fish, wildlife, plants and habitats.
The Rex Foundation was created by "members of the Grateful Dead and Friends" in 1983 as a charitable non-profit organization to "proactively provide extensive community support to creative endeavors in the arts, sciences, and education." The organization is named after Rex Jackson, a Grateful Dead roadie and later road manager until his death in 1976.
The Commission on Private Philanthropy and Public Needs, better known as the Filer Commission, was formed in 1973 to study philanthropy, the role of the private sector in American society, and then to recommend measures to increase voluntary giving. Organized as a privately supported citizen's board, the Commission came into being through the efforts of John D. Rockefeller III, Wilbur D. Mills, George P. Shultz, and William E. Simon. The selection of participants on the Commission reflected a desire for diversity of experience and opinions and included heads of religious and labor groups, former cabinet secretaries, corporate and fd Foreign Securities Corporation and President of Metropolitan Museum of Art.
- Edwin D. Etherington, Former President of Wesleyan University and Trustee of Alfred P. Sloan Foundation.
- Bayard Ewing, Tillinghast, Collins and Graham and Vice Chairman of United Way of America.
- Frances Tarlton Farenthold, Past Chairperson of National Women's Political Caucus.
- Max M. Fisher, Chairman of United Brands Company and Honorary Chairman of United Foundations.
- Reverend Raymond J. Gallagher, Bishop of Lafayette-in-Indiana.
- Earl G. Graves, Publisher of Black Enterprise and Commissioner of Boy Scouts of America.
- Paul R. Haas, President and Chairman of Corpus Christi Oil and Gas Company and Trustee of Paul and Mary Haas Foundation.
- Walter A. Haas Jr., Chairman of Levi Strauss and Company and Trustee of the Ford Foundation.
- Philip M. Klutznick, Klutznick Investments and Chairman of Research and Policy Committee and Trustee of Committee for Economic Development.
- Ralph Lazarus, Chairman of Federated Department Stores, Inc. and Former National Chairman of United Way of America.
- Herbert E. Longenecker, President Emeritus of Tulane University and Director of United Student Aid Funds.
- Elizabeth J. McCormack, Special Assistant to the President of Rockefeller Brothers Fund, Inc.
- Walter J. McNerney, President of Blue Cross Association.
- William H. Morton, Trustee of Dartmouth College.
- John M. Musser, President and Director of General Service Foundation.
- Jon O. Newman, Judge, U.S. District Court and Chairman of Hartford Institute of Criminal and Social Justice.
- Graciela Olivarez, State Planning Officer and Director of Council on Foundations, Inc.
- Alan Pifer, President of Carnegie Corporation of New York.
- George Romney, Chairman of the National Center for Voluntary Action.
- William Matson Roth, Regent of University of California and Chairman of San Francisco Museum of Art.
- Althea T. L. Simmons, Director for Education Programs of the NAACP Special Contribution Fund.
- Reverend Leon H. Sullivan, Pastor of Zion Baptist Church, Philadelphia.
- David B. Truman, President of Mount Holyoke College.
The Conservation Fund is a U.S. nonprofit organization with a dual charter to pursue environmental preservation and economic development. From 2008–2018, it has placed more than 500,000 acres under conservation management through a program whose goal is to purchase and permanently protect working forests. Since its founding in 1985, the organization has protected land and water in all 50 states, including parks, historic battlefields, and wild areas. The Fund works with community and government leaders, businesses, landowners, conservation nonprofits and other partners to integrate economic and environmental objectives.
Pico Bonito National Park is a national park in Honduras. It was established on January 1, 1987 and covers an area of 564.30 km2 (217.88 sq mi). It has an altitude ranging between 60 and 2,480 meters.
Founded in 1980, the Alaska Conservation Foundation (ACF) is a nonprofit organization located in Anchorage, Alaska. Its focus is in finding ways to sustain Alaska's wildlife, coastlines, and mountains from the effects of climate change. ACF's largest contributions come from the funding that they provide for organizations around Alaska that follow a similar pursuit of environmental conservation. As of 2020, it is the only public foundation dedicated to conservation in Alaska. Through the support of individuals and foundations for nearly 40 years, ACF has awarded more than $52 million in grants to over 200 grassroots organizations and individuals working to protect and manage Alaska's natural resources.
The Investigative Project on Terrorism (IPT) is a non-profit research group founded by Steven Emerson in 1995. IPT has been called a prominent part of the "Islamophobia network" within the United States and a "leading source of anti-Muslim racism" and noted for its record of selective reporting and poor scholarship.
EduCap is an American private non-profit education finance company that was established in 1987. The Catherine B. Reynolds Foundation is the philanthropic affiliate of EduCap Inc.
The U.S. Russia Foundation (USRF) is an American non-profit organization founded in 2008 that aims to strengthen relations between the United States and Russia and to promote the development of the private sector in the Russian Federation. While initially established with its headquarters in Moscow, the organization attracted negative attention from the Russian government and relocated to Washington, D.C. in 2015.
References
- ↑ "National Forest Foundation". www.nationalforests.org. Retrieved 2020-02-27.
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- John F. Mongillo, Linda Zierdt-Warshaw, Encyclopedia of Environmental Science, p. 159. Boydell & Brewer, 2000, ISBN 1573561479.
