National patrimony

Last updated

National patrimony is the store of wealth or accumulated reserves of a national economy. In addition to monetary reserves and other financial holdings, national patrimony also encompasses a nation's non-monetary wealth or reserves, such as its national monuments, cuisine, and artistic heritage. [1]

Contents

National patrimony is related to—but not synonymous with—the concepts of national essence and national heritage. National patrimony more strongly reflects a nation's assets (physical, intellectual, monetary, etc.) than a spirit of cultural unity, although the assets themselves may indeed embody or contribute to such a unifying spirit.

China

In Chinese, the term "national essence" is translated as guocui 國粹, and the journal Guocui xuebao 國粹學報 (Journal of National Essence) [2] was established in 1905 with the aim of preserving and protecting China's artistic national patrimony. This journal originally was divided into seven sections, four of which are topical in nature and represent specific aspects of what might be considered China's "national essence" and, by extension, national patrimony:

Two years after the journal's initial publication, two additional topical sections were added:

Japan [3]

In Japanese, the term "national essence" is translated as kokusui, and the term kokusui hozon 國粹保存 is translated as "preserving the national essence."

In response to increasing Western influence in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, a growing sense of Japanese nationalism led in 1889 to the establishment of three institutions aimed at protecting and preserving artistic aspects of the country's national patrimony:

Notes

  1. For example, see Sophie Maisonneuve, ‘Between History and Commodity: The Production of A Musical Patrimony through the Record in the 1920-1930’, Poetics, 29 (2001), pp. 89-108; esp. 89-90, 95, 103. For an example from Ireland, see also
  2. "º~¬Ã¼Æ¦ì¹Ï®Ñ". Archived from the original on 2012-03-03. Retrieved 2010-02-16.
  3. Kenneth Pyle, The New Generation in Meiji Japan, 1885-1895 (Stanford, 1969), pp. 4, 52-71.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">China Academy of Art</span>

China Academy of Art, also translated as China National Academy of Fine Arts, was founded in Hangzhou in 1928 by the government of the Republic of China and the renowned educator Cai Yuanpei. It was the first art university and first graduate school in Chinese history. In 2016, the Academy has been approved to be jointly-administrated by Zhejiang Provincial Government, the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Culture. It is a Chinese state Double First Class University Plan university.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Liu Yizheng</span>

Liu Yizheng was a Chinese historian, calligrapher, librarian, cultural scholar, educator, and academic leader. He is known for his personal charisma, spirit and eruditeness. In modern Chinese academic field, it is said that the number of famous experts in various fields including in literature, history, geography, philosophy and even natural science he educated and enlighted was the most. Liu Yizheng and Wang Bohang were honorifically called Nanyong Double Pillars during early period of Republic of China.

Kokugaku was an academic movement, a school of Japanese philology and philosophy originating during the Tokugawa period. Kokugaku scholars worked to refocus Japanese scholarship away from the then-dominant study of Chinese, Confucian, and Buddhist texts in favor of research into the early Japanese classics.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">National Sun Yat-sen University</span> University in Taiwan

National Sun Yat-sen University is a public research-intensive university renowned as an official think tank scholars' community, located in Sizihwan, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. NSYSU is listed as one of six national research universities, and one of four universities that make up the Taiwan Comprehensive University System, a research-led university alliance in Taiwan. With AACSB and CFA accredited and the No.1 maritime management program in Asia, the NSYSU College of Management is among the best in East Asia, and the College of Marine Sciences is the oldest and highest ranked in Taiwan.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tunghai University</span> University in Taichung, Taiwan

Tunghai University is the oldest private university in Taiwan, established in 1955. It was founded by the United Board for Christian Higher Education in Asia (UBCHEA). It is located in Xitun District, Taichung, Taiwan. According to Times Higher Education's Impact Rankings 2020, the university is rated as the most impactful private university in Taiwan and third in the country.

Japan was introduced to the idea of Western-style museums as early as the Bakumatsu period through Dutch studies.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Affiliated Senior High School of National Taiwan Normal University</span> High school in Taipei, Taiwan

The Affiliated Senior High School of National Taiwan Normal University is a Taiwanese senior high school. It is ranked top 2 among all the senior high schools in Taiwan, usually with a requirement of PR98 and above on the National Senior High School Entrance Exams. The campus is located in Da-an District in Taipei, Taiwan.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">C. N. Liew</span>

C.N. Liew, a pioneer of contemporary ink from South East Asia, was born in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Liew is the first artist whose contemporary calligraphy works have been collected by the National Palace of Malaysia. In 2016, Asia Week named C.N. Liew as the “World Outstanding Young Leaders Award” winner for his contribution in art.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ichimatsu Tanaka</span>

Ichimatsu Tanaka was a prominent Japanese academic, an art historian, curator, editor, and sometime public servant who specialized in the history of Japanese art. He was born in Tsuruoka City, Yamagata Prefecture (山形県鶴岡市).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hatakeyama Memorial Museum of Fine Art</span> Art museum in Shirokanedai Minato-ku Tokyo Japan

The Hatakeyama Memorial Museum of Fine Art is a private museum established in October 1964 in Tokyo, Japan.

Museum is an academic journal covering research on Oriental art, museology, and conservation science, with a particular focus on Japanese art. It is published bimonthly in Japanese by the Tokyo National Museum, with some summaries in English.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nuribotoke</span>

The Nuribotoke (塗仏) is a yōkai found in Japanese yōkai emaki such as the Hyakkai Zukan by Sawaki Suushi. They are also depicted in the Gazu Hyakki Yagyō by Toriyama Sekien.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nihon Bijutsu Token Hozon Kyokai</span>

The Nihon Bijutsu Tōken Hozon Kyōkai is a public interest incorporated foundation established in February 1948 to preserve and promote Japanese swords that have artistic value. They run a Japanese Sword Museum in Tokyo and have a secretariat in the building.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hara school of painters</span>

The Hara School was a Kyoto-based Japanese painting atelier established in the late Edo era, which continued as a family-controlled enterprise through the early 20th century. The Hara artists were imperial court painters and exerted great influence within Kyoto art circles. They contributed paintings to various temples and shrines, as well as to the Kyoto Imperial Palace.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Liu Shipei</span> Chinese scholar

Liu Shipei was a philologist, Chinese anarchist, and revolutionary activist. While he and his wife, He Zhen were in exile in Japan he became a fervent nationalist. He then saw the doctrines of anarchism as offering a path to social revolution while remaining intent on preserving China's cultural essence, especially Taoism and the records of China's pre-imperial history. In 1909 he unexpectedly returned to China to work for the Manchu Qing government and after 1911 supported Yuan Shikai's attempt to become emperor. After Yuan's death in 1916 he joined the faculty at Peking University. He died of tuberculosis in 1919.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kaohsiung Japanese School</span>

The Kaohsiung Japanese School is a Japanese international school on the campus of Kaohsiung Municipal Lingya District Jhong-Jheng Elementary School in Lingya District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan in the Republic of China.

Season Lao is a contemporary artist and photographer. He was born in Macau and is currently based in Hokkaido, Japan.

Shimamono is a generic term for Japanese tea utensils produced outside Japan, Korea and China, mainly from Southeast Asia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hokkien architecture</span>

Hokkien architecture, also called Hoklo architecture or Minnan architecture, refers to the architectural style of the Hoklo people, the Han Chinese group who have historically been the dominant demographic of the Southern Chinese province of Fujian, Taiwan, and Singapore. This style shares many similarities with those of surrounding Han Chinese groups. There are, however, several features that are unique or mostly unique to Hoklo-made buildings, making many traditional buildings in Hokkien and Taiwan visually distinctive from those outside the region.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Philosophy in Taiwan</span> Philosophy in Taiwan

Philosophy in Taiwan is the set of philosophical traditions in Taiwan, while Taiwanese philosophy is taken to mean philosophical work from the country. Philosophical thought in Taiwan is diverse, drawing influence from Chinese philosophy during Qing rule from the 17th and 18th century, and Western philosophy through the Kyoto School during Japanese rule in the 19th and early 20th century. Taiwanese philosophy took a more endogenous turn during the modern era, with burgeoning philosophical debate regarding Taiwanese Gemeinschaft.