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Nursing in the United Kingdom has a long history. The current form of nursing is often considered as beginning with Florence Nightingale who pioneered modern nursing. Nightingale initiated formal schools of nursing in the United Kingdom in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The role and perception of nursing has dramatically changed from that of a handmaiden to the doctor to professionals in their own right. There are over 700,000 nurses in the United Kingdom and they work in a variety of settings, such as hospitals, health centres, nursing homes, hospices, communities, and academia, with most working for the National Health Service (NHS). Nurses work across all demographics and requirements of the public: adults, children, mental health, and learning disability. Nurses work in a range of specialties from the broad areas of medicine, surgery, theatres, and investigative sciences such as imaging. Nurses also work in large areas of sub-specialities such as respiratory, diabetes, neurology, infectious diseases, liver, research, cardiac, and stoma. Nurses often work in multi-disciplinary teams but increasingly are found working independently.
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Veterinary nurses (VNs) in South Africa attend a two-year program at the Onderstepoort campus of the University of Pretoria culminating in a diploma in veterinary nursing [DipVetNurs or DVN ] and unlike lay staff are trained to do everything except clinical consultations and surgery subject to the Para-Veterinary Profession's Act. Qualified veterinary nurses, curiously of both genders, utilize the title of "Sister (Sr.)", similar to the practice of female charge nurses in the human medical field in many countries, representing their professional sisterhood. They can be recognised by the wearing of epaulettes bearing a lamb, representing the patients they care for; a lamp, representing knowledge; and an axe, symbolising strength. They are represented by the Veterinary Nurses Association of South Africa (VNASA) which was started in 1978 after South Africa's first class of qualified veterinary nurses graduated. Permission to offer a Bachelor of Veterinary Nursing through the University of Pretoria was recently applied for to the South African Qualifications Authority; under consideration is the addition of one year of study to the current DipVetNurs program, converting the diploma to a degree. Other veterinary para-professionals found in South Africa include animal health technicians, laboratory animal technologists, and veterinary technologists.
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The timeline of nursing history in Australia and New Zealand stretches from the 19th century to the present.
The history of nursing in the United Kingdom relates to the development of the profession since the 1850s. The history of nursing itself dates back to ancient history, when the sick were cared for in temples and places of worship. In the early Christian era, nursing in the United Kingdom was undertaken by certain women in the Christian Church, their services being extended to patients in their homes. These women had no real training by today's standards, but experience taught them valuable skills, especially in the use of herbs and folk drugs, and some gained fame as the physicians of their era. Remnants of the religious nature of nurses remains in Britain today, especially with the retention of the job title "Sister" for a senior female nurse.
References
- 1 2 "NZVNA was set up in 1992 to promote the profession of veterinary nursing in New Zealand". nzvna.org.nz. Retrieved 18 February 2016.
- ↑ "FarmChat Article – NZ Veterinary Nursing Association celebrates 15 years". farmchat.co.nz. Retrieved 23 February 2016.
- ↑ "Veterinary Nurse". careers.govt.nz. Retrieved 23 February 2016.
- ↑ "Salary Report 2015". nzvna.org.nz. Retrieved 23 February 2016.
- ↑ "NZVNA offers support and direction to Veterinary nurses". nzvna.org.nz. Retrieved 23 February 2016.
- ↑ "NZVNA | WSAVA". www.wsava.org. Retrieved 23 February 2016.
- ↑ "Permanent members – International Veterinary Nurses and Technicians Association". ivnta.org. Retrieved 6 March 2016.
- ↑ Harvey, Laura; Ladyman, Rebecca; Farnworth, Mark (2 November 2014). "International differences in the journey toward compulsory veterinary nurse registration". The Veterinary Nurse. 5 (9): 538–542. doi:10.12968/vetn.2014.5.9.538. hdl: 10652/3130 . ISSN 2044-0065.
- ↑ "Regulation". nzvna.org.nz. Retrieved 18 February 2016.
- ↑ "Animal Healthcare and Veterinary Nursing".
- ↑ "VETERINARY NURSES" (PDF).