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Abortion is a divisive issue in the United States. The issue of abortion is prevalent in American politics and culture wars, though a majority of Americans support continued access to abortion. There are widely different abortion laws depending on state.
The Unborn Victims of Violence Act of 2004 is a United States law that recognizes an embryo or fetus in utero as a legal victim, if they are injured or killed during the commission of any of over 60 listed federal crimes of violence. The law defines "child in utero" as "a member of the species Homo sapiens, at any stage of development, who is carried in the womb."
George Richard Tiller was an American physician and abortionist from Wichita, Kansas. He gained national attention as the medical director of Women's Health Care Services, which, at the time, was one of only three abortion clinics nationwide that provided late-term abortions.
Foeticide, or feticide, is the act of killing a fetus, or causing a miscarriage. Definitions differ between legal and medical applications, whereas in law, feticide frequently refers to a criminal offense, in medicine the term generally refers to a part of an abortion procedure in which a provider intentionally induces fetal demise to avoid the chance of an unintended live birth, or as a standalone procedure in the case of selective reduction.
Alan Thomas Seabaugh is an American attorney from Shreveport, Louisiana, who is a Republican member of the Louisiana Senate from District 31. He previously served as a member of the Louisiana House of Representatives from District 5 in Caddo Parish.
Anthony Joseph Bacala, Jr., known as Tony Bacala, is a law enforcement officer and a Republican member of the Louisiana House of Representatives.
The Reproductive Health Act is a New York statute enacted on January 22, 2019, that expanded abortion rights, decriminalized abortion, and eliminated several restrictions on abortion in the state. The RHA repealed §4164 of the state Public Health Law. The law has received national media attention.
Abortion in Georgia is legal up to the detection of an embryonic heartbeat, which typically begins in the 5th or 6th week after the onset of the last menstrual period (LMP) or in two to three weeks after implantation. This law came into force on July 20, 2022, almost a month after the U.S. Supreme Court's Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization, No. 19-1392, 597 U.S. ___ (2022) ruling. In 2007, mandatory ultrasound requirements were passed by state legislators. Georgia has continually sought to legislate against abortion at a state level since 2011. The most recent example, 2019's HB 481, sought to make abortion illegal as soon as an embryonic heartbeat can be detected; in most cases that is around the six-week mark of a pregnancy. Many women are not aware they are pregnant at this time. An injunction was issued against this bill by a federal judge, who ruled that it contravened the Supreme Court's 1973 ruling. A poll conducted by the Pew Research Center in 2014 found that 49% of Georgians believed abortions should be illegal in all or most cases vs 48% legal in all or most cases.
Abortion in Louisiana is mostly illegal as of August 1, 2022.
Abortion in Missouri is illegal, with abortions only being legal in cases of medical emergency and several additional laws making access to abortion services difficult. In 2014, a poll by the Pew Research Center found that 52% of Missouri adults said that abortion should be legal vs. 46% that believe it should be illegal in all or most cases. According to a 2014 Public Religion Research Institute (PRRI) study, 51% of white women in the state believed that abortion is legal in all or most cases.
Abortion in Delaware is legal up to the point of fetal viability. 55% of adults said in a poll by the Pew Research Center that abortion should be legal and 38% stated it should be illegal in all or most cases. There was a therapeutic exceptions in the state's legislative ban on abortions by 1900. Informed consent laws were on the books by 2007. In 2017, Senator Bryan Townsend, D-Newark introduced legislation to try to make clear that abortion would remain legal in the state in case 1973's Roe v. Wade ruling was overturned. The legislation was subsequently updated. Attempts have been made to introduce mandatory ultrasound laws, but they failed to get out of committee. State legislators tried to move ahead the week at which a woman could get a legal abortion in 2019.
Abortion in Kansas is legal. Kansas law allows for an abortion up to 20 weeks postfertilization. After that point, only in cases of life or severely compromised physical health may an abortion be performed, with this limit set on the belief that a fetus can feel pain after that point in the pregnancy. The state also had detailed abortion-specific informed consent requirement by 2007. Targeted Regulation of Abortion Providers (TRAP) law applied to medication-induced abortions and private doctor offices in addition to abortion clinics were in place by 2013. In 2015, Kansas became the first state to ban the dilation and evacuation procedure, a common second-trimester abortion procedure. State laws about abortion have been challenged at the Kansas Supreme Court and US Supreme Court level. On August 2, 2022, Kansas voters rejected a constitutional amendment that would have allowed the Republican-controlled legislature to restrict or ban abortion in Kansas, following the overturning of Roe v. Wade.
Abortion in Massachusetts is legal at all stages of pregnancy, although terminations after the 24th week can only be performed if a physician determines it to be medically necessary. Modern Massachusetts is considered to be one of the most pro-choice states in the country: a Pew Research poll finding that 74% of residents supported the right to an abortion in all or most cases, a higher percentage than any other state. Marches supporting abortion rights took place as part of the #StoptheBans movement in May 2019.
Abortion in Mississippi is illegal. The new law took effect on July 7, 2022, after Mississippi State Attorney General Lynn Fitch certified on June 27, the Supreme Court decision on Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization on June 24 of that year.
Abortion in South Carolina is legal up to when an embryonic heartbeat can be detected, usually around 6 weeks gestation. On May 25, 2023, Governor Henry McMaster signed a 6-week ban, and it took effect immediately. The ban was indefinitely blocked in court on May 26, and reinstated by the South Carolina Supreme Court on August 23.
Tracy Richardson is an American politician who has served as a member of the Ohio House of Representatives representing the 86th district since 2019. A Republican, Richardson's district includes Union County and the majority of Marion County. A graduate of the United States Military Academy, Richardson served in Operation Desert Shield where she earned a Bronze Star. She currently serves in the Army National Guard. Prior to elected office, Richardson served as a human resources officer for a number of different companies. She also served on the Marysville City Council for nearly nine years.
Danny McCormick is an American politician and businessman serving as a member of the Louisiana House of Representatives from the 1st district. Elected in November 2019, he assumed office on January 13, 2020.
Bryan Fontenot is an American politician, former law enforcement officer, and businessman serving as a member of the Louisiana House of Representatives from the 55th district. He assumed office on January 13, 2020.
Jonathan I. Goudeau is an American politician serving as a member of the Louisiana House of Representatives from the 31st district. He assumed office on January 13, 2020.
Emily Callaway is an American politician who has served as a member of the Kentucky House of Representatives since January 9, 2023. She represents Kentucky's 37th House district.
References
- ↑ Bort, Ryan (2022-05-05). "Louisiana Moves to Charge Women Who Get Abortions With Murder". Rolling Stone. Retrieved 2022-05-05.
- ↑ "Bill to make abortion a homicide advances in Louisiana". WRIC ABC 8News. 2022-05-05. Retrieved 2022-05-05.
- ↑ McGill, Kevin (2022-05-04). "Lawyer: Louisiana abortion bill could subject women to homicide charge". WPMI. The Associated Press. Retrieved 2022-05-05.
- ↑ LaRose, Greg (2022-05-05). "Abortion would be punishable as murder under new Louisiana proposal". Louisiana Illuminator. Retrieved 2022-05-05.
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