North Putussibau | |
|---|---|
| Country |  Indonesia |
| Province |  West Kalimantan |
| Regency |  Kapuas Hulu |
North Putussibau (Indonesian: Putussibau Utara) is a district (kecamatan) located in Kapuas Hulu Regency, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. [1]
North Putussibau | |
|---|---|
| Country | Indonesia |
| Province | West Kalimantan |
| Regency | Kapuas Hulu |
North Putussibau (Indonesian: Putussibau Utara) is a district (kecamatan) located in Kapuas Hulu Regency, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. [1]
North Putussibau is located in the northern part of Kapuas Hulu Regency and borders Malaysia to the north. [2] North Putussibau is characterized by its tropical rainforest climate, typical of the Borneo region. This district has a topography dominated by hills and lowlands, with rivers flowing throughout its territory, including the Kapuas River, which is the longest river in Indonesia and functions as an important transportation route.
Betung Kerihun National Park (Taman Nasional Betung Kerihun; abbreviated as TNBK) is the largest conservation area in West Kalimantan Province located in Kapuas Hulu Regency. Administratively, it is included in four districts, namely North Putussibau District, South Putussibau District, Embaloh Hulu District, and Batang Lupar District. Geographically, TNBK is located between coordinates 112010' 47” BT – 1036' 35” N and 114012' 49 BT” – 0036' 26” N. The TNBK area has a total area of 816,693.40 hectares or around 27.37% of the total area of Kapuas Hulu Regency. The total border line of TNBK is 784 km long, divided into 368 km bordering Malaysia, 138 km with the East Kalimantan provincial border, and 278 km bordering protected forests (TNBK 2014). Established in 1992, the park covers an area of about 8,000 square kilometers and is part of the larger Heart of Borneo initiative, aimed at conserving the region's unique biodiversity. The park features diverse ecosystems, including lowland and montane rainforests, and is home to a variety of wildlife such as orangutans, proboscis monkeys (Bekantan), numerous bird species and endemic flora. Betung Kerihun National Park also plays an important role in protecting water resources and preventing soil erosion. [3]
Betung Kerihun also includes the Kerihun mountain range, which adds to the park's ecological significance by providing critical watershed areas. The park is vital for local communities and indigenous groups who rely on its resources, but it faces challenges such as deforestation and habitat fragmentation due to logging and agricultural expansion. Conservation efforts are ongoing to preserve its rich biodiversity and natural landscapes. [4]
The population of North Putussibau consists of various ethnic groups, with the majority of the population coming from the Dayak tribe. In addition, there are also other tribes such as Malay and Javanese who live in this area. The daily languages used are Dayak and Indonesian.
The economy of the Putussibau Utara community generally relies on the agricultural sector, with main commodities such as rice, corn, and various vegetables. In addition to agriculture, the community is also involved in fisheries and forestry activities. [5]
Transportation in North Putussibau is facilitated by a network of roads and river routes. The district is accessible via land and water transport, with connections to other parts of Kapuas Hulu and West Kalimantan. Infrastructure in this district is still under development. Some roads in this district are still dirt roads which are difficult to pass, especially during the rainy season. The main transportation is via river with motorboats and klotok, as well as land roads connecting this district with the government center in Putussibau, the capital of Kapuas Hulu Regency. [6]
The culture in North Putussibau is heavily influenced by the customs and traditions of the Dayak tribe. Several cultural festivals and traditional ceremonies are held periodically, attracting local and foreign tourists. Natural attractions such as tropical forests, rivers, and waterfalls are also attractions for visitors.
West Kalimantan is a province of Indonesia. It is one of five Indonesian provinces comprising Kalimantan, the Indonesian part of the island of Borneo. Its capital and largest city is Pontianak. It is bordered by East Kalimantan and Central Kalimantan to the east, the Malaysian state of Sarawak to the north, and the Bangka Belitung Islands to the west and the Java Sea to the south. The province has an area of 147,037 km2, and had a population of 4,395,983 at the 2010 Census and 5,414,390 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2023 was 5,623,328, and was projected to rise to 5,695,500 at mid 2024. Ethnic groups include the Dayak, Malay, Chinese, Javanese, Bugis, and Madurese. The borders of West Kalimantan roughly trace the mountain ranges surrounding the vast watershed of the Kapuas River, which drains most of the province. The province shares land borders with Central Kalimantan to the southeast, East Kalimantan to the east, and the Malaysian territory of Sarawak to the north.
South Kalimantan is a province of Indonesia. It is the second most populous province on the island of Kalimantan, the Indonesian territory of the island of Borneo after West Kalimantan. The provincial capital was Banjarmasin until 15 February 2022 when it was legally moved 35 kms southeast to Banjarbaru. The population of South Kalimantan was recorded at just over 3.625 million people at the 2010 Census, and at 4.07 million at the 2020 Census. The official estimate as at mid 2023 was 4,221,929. One of the five Indonesian provinces in Kalimantan, it is bordered by the Makassar Strait in the east, Central Kalimantan in the west and north, the Java Sea in the south, and East Kalimantan in the northeast. The province also includes the island of Pulau Laut, located off the eastern coast of Kalimantan, as well as other smaller offshore islands. The province is divided into 11 regencies and 2 cities. South Kalimantan is the traditional homeland of the Banjar people, although some parts of East Kalimantan and Central Kalimantan are also included in this criterion. Nevertheless, South Kalimantan, especially the former capital city Banjarmasin has always been the cultural capital of Banjarese culture. Many Banjarese have migrated to other parts of Indonesia, as well as neighbouring countries such as Singapore and Malaysia. In addition, other ethnic groups also inhabit the province, such as several groups of the Dayaks, who mostly live in the interior part of the province, as well as the Javanese, who mostly migrated from Java due to the Transmigration program which dated from the Dutch colonial era. It is one of the provinces in Indonesia that has a larger population than Mongolia.
Central Kalimantan is a province of Indonesia. It is one of five provinces in Kalimantan, the Indonesian part of Borneo. It is bordered by West Kalimantan to the west, South Kalimantan and East Kalimantan to the east, Java Sea to the south and is separated narrowly from North Kalimantan and Malaysia by East Kalimantan's Mahakam Ulu Regency. Its provincial capital is Palangka Raya and in 2010 its population was over 2.2 million, while the 2020 Census showed a total of almost 2.67 million; the official estimate as at mid 2023 was 2,774,747, and was projected to rise to 2,809,700 at mid 2024.
Pontianak, also known as Khuntien in Hakka, is the capital of the Indonesian province of West Kalimantan, founded first as a trading port on the island of Borneo, occupying an area of 118.21 km2 in the delta of the Kapuas River, at a point where it is joined by its major tributary, the Landak River. The city is on the equator, hence it is widely known as Kota Khatulistiwa. The city center is less than 3 kilometres (2 mi) south of the equator. Pontianak is the 23rd most populous city in Indonesia, and the fourth most populous city on the island of Borneo (Kalimantan) after Samarinda, Balikpapan and (Malaysia's) Kuching; it is now slightly ahead of Banjarmasin. It had a population of 658,685 at the 2020 Census within the city limits, with significant suburbs outside those limits. The official estimate as of mid-2023 was 675,468.
The Kapuas River is a river in the Indonesian part of Borneo island, at the geographic center of Maritime Southeast Asia. At 1,143 kilometers (710 mi) in length, it is the longest river in the island of Borneo and the longest river in Indonesia and one of the world's longest island rivers. It originates in the Müller mountain range at the center of the island and flows west into the South China Sea creating an extended marshy delta. The delta is located west-southwest of Pontianak, the capital of the West Kalimantan province. This Kapuas River should be distinguished from another Kapuas River, which starts on the other side of the same mountain range in central Borneo but flows to the south, merging with the Barito River and discharging into the Java Sea.
Punan Bah or Punan is an ethnic group found in Sarawak, Malaysia and Kalimantan, Indonesia. The Punan Bah people are distinct and unrelated to the semi-nomadic Penan people. Their name stems from two rivers along the banks of which they have been living since time immemorial. They have other names including Mikuang Bungulan or Mikuang and Aveang Buan but those are used only ritually nowadays.
Kapuas Hulu Regency is a regency in West Kalimantan province of Indonesia. Located around the upper drainage area of the Kapuas River, it has a total land area of 31,318.25 square kilometres or around 21.3% of West Kalimantan province's area. The regency seat is located in town of Putussibau, where most of its economic and government activities take place. Kapuas Hulu Regency is one of the few Indonesian regencies having a land border with another country. It is also the largest regency in the province by land area. Due to its relatively large area, it is sparsely populated compared to neighbouring regencies around it. The regency had a population of 222,160 at the 2010 Census and 252,609 according to the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2023 was 262,404.
Nunukan Regency is a regency of North Kalimantan Province in Indonesia. It was created on 4 October 1999 from the northern districts of Bulungan Regency. Nunukan Regency shares international borders with the Malaysian states of Sabah to the north and Sarawak to the west, and inter-regency borders with Tana Tidung Regency and Malinau Regency to the south, as well as the coastal city of Tarakan in the east. The regency covers an area of 14,247.50 km2 and it had a population of 140,841 at the 2010 census and 199,090 at the 2020 census; the official estimate as at mid 2023 was 217,923.
Pangsuma Airport is an airport in Putussibau, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. The distance between the Airport and Putussibau is 3.7 km via Jl. Lintas Kalimantan Poros Utara. Putussibau is the capital of Kapuas Hulu within approximately 400 km from Pontianak. The town is the gateway to the two major eco-tourism destinations in the heart of Borneo, Danau Sentarum National Park and Betung Kerihun National Park.
Betung Kerihun National Park is a national park located in the Indonesian province of West Kalimantan, on the island of Borneo. The park was established in 1995, and has a total area of 8,000 km2 (3,100 sq mi) or about 5.5 percent of West Kalimantan Province area. Together with the 2,000 km2 (800 sq mi) Lanjak Entimau Wildlife Sanctuary in Malaysia, it has been proposed to form a World Heritage Site named the "Transborder Rainforest Heritage of Borneo".
Ketapang or Tau-pang in Teochew is the administrative capital of Ketapang Regency, one of the regencies of West Kalimantan province on the island of Borneo in Indonesia. Ketapang town is located at 1°51′S109°59′E and is a town on the delta of the Pawan River. Ketapang is served by the Rahadi Oesman Airport.
The Lake Sentarum National Park is a national park protecting one of the world's most biodiverse lake systems, located in the heart of Borneo Island, Kapuas Hulu Regency, West Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. It lies in the upper Kapuas River tectonic basin some 700 kilometres upstream from the delta. The basin is a vast floodplain, consisting of about 20 seasonal lakes, freshwater swamp forest and peat swamp forest. Local people call it as Lebak lebung (floodplain). The National Park is located in the western part of this basin, where three-quarters of the seasonal lakes occur. Approximately half of the park consists of lakes, while the other half consists of freshwater swamp forest.
Bakumpai or Baraki are indigenous people of Borneo and are considered as a sub-ethnic group of the Dayak Ngaju people group with Islamic background. The Bakumpai people first occupy along the Barito riverbanks in South Kalimantan and Central Kalimantan, from Marabahan to Puruk Cahu, Murung Raya Regency. The Bakumpai people first appeared as a newly recognized people group in census 2000 and were made up of 7.51% of Central Kalimantan population, which before this the Bakumpai people were considered as part of the Dayak people in a 1930 census.
Kapuas Regency is one of the thirteen regencies which divide Central Kalimantan Province, on the island of Kalimantan, Indonesia. It formerly covered a wider area, but on 10 April 2002 two further regencies were cut out of its western districts, and the residual area is now 17,070.39 km.2 Its population was 329,646 at the 2010 Census and 410,446 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2023 was 425,186. The administrative centre is the town of Kuala Kapuas near the coast, but the largest town is Selat, which includes 8 of the regency's 15 urban kelurahan, and had 72,382 inhabitants in mid 2023.
Sintang Regency is a regency of West Kalimantan province of Indonesia. It covers an area of 21,638.2 km2, and had a population of 364,759 at the 2010 Census and 421,306 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2023 was 438,022.
Bahau people is a sub-ethnic group of the Dayak people who inhabit West Kutai Regency (9.3%), East Kalimantan, Indonesia.
Putussibau is an Indonesian town in Kapuas Hulu Regency, West Kalimantan. It sits on the river Kapuas, with the main part of the town located on the right banks, or north, of the river. Officially an administrative village within North Putussibau District, the urban settlement sprawls outside of the primary boundaries to the opposite bank of the river. Official estimates from Statistics Indonesia places the population of the town proper at 12,459 in 2015.
South Putussibau is a district (kecamatan) located in Kapuas Hulu Regency, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. It is situated in the northeastern part of the regency and is part of the larger West Kalimantan province.
Badau is a district (kecamatan) located in Kapuas Hulu Regency, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Geographically, Badau is located in the northwest of Kapuas Hulu Regency, which borders the neighboring country, Malaysia.
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