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Politics of Bangladesh takes place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic republic, whereby the Prime Minister of Bangladesh is the head of government, and of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and parliament. The Constitution of Bangladesh was written in 1972 and has undergone seventeen amendments.
The prime minister of Bangladesh, officially prime minister of the People's Republic of Bangladesh is the chief executive of the government of Bangladesh. The prime minister and the cabinet are collectively accountable for their policies and actions to the Parliament, to their political party and ultimately to the electorate. The prime minister is ceremonially appointed by the president of Bangladesh.
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Bangladesh elects on national level a legislature with one house or chamber. The unicameral Jatiyo Sangshad, meaning national parliament, has 350 members of which 300 members are directly elected through a national election for a five-year term in single-seat constituencies while 50 memberships are reserved for the women who are selected by the ruling party or coalition. The Prime Minister is the head of the government. The president who is the head of the state is elected by the National Parliament. The president of Bangladesh is a ceremonial post and does not exercise any control over the running of the state.
The Jatiya Party is a centre-right, conservative, nationalist political party in Bangladesh and is currently the main opposition in the Jatiya Sangsad, against the Awami League. The current chairman of the party is Ghulam Muhammed Quader. On 3 January 2019, the party announced its decision to join the Bangladesh Awami League-led Grand Alliance after having been in opposition for the previous parliamentary term. However, the party backtracked the next day and announced that it intended to remain part of the opposition. Currently, it holds Rangpur out of Bangladesh's 12 city corporations. The current chairperson of the party is Ghulam Muhammed Quader MP.
General elections were held in Bangladesh on 27 February 1991. The Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) emerged as the largest party in parliament, winning 140 of the 300 directly elected seats. The BNP formed a government with the support of the Islamic party Jamaat-e-Islami, and on 20 March Khaleda Zia was sworn in for her first term as Prime Minister.
General elections were held in Bangladesh on 12 June 1996. The result was a victory for the Bangladesh Awami League, which won 146 of the 300 directly elected seats, beginning Sheikh Hasina's first-term as Prime Minister. Voter turnout was 74.96%, the highest to date. This election was the second to be held in 1996, following controversial elections held in February a few months earlier.
The history of Bangladesh (1971–present) refers to the period after the independence of Bangladesh from Pakistan.
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Shirin Sharmin Chaudhury is a Bangladeshi politician who has served as the first female speaker of the Jatiya Sangsad since April 2013. At 46, she became the youngest to assume the office. She was also the chairperson of the executive committee of the Commonwealth Parliamentary Association between 2014 and 2017. She previously served as the state minister of the Ministry of Women and Children Affairs of Bangladesh.
General elections were held in Bangladesh on 30 December 2018 to elect 300 directly-elected members of the Jatiya Sangsad. The result was another landslide victory for the Awami League-led Grand Alliance led by Sheikh Hasina. The elections were marred by violence, and were widely considered by opposition politicians and the international community to be rigged.
Muhammad Hasan Mahmud is a Bangladesh Awami League (BAL) politician who is the incumbent Member of Parliament from Chittagong-7 constituency. In January 2019, he appointed as the Bangladesh Minister of Information. Currently he is the Minister of Foreign Affairs Bangladesh and a joint secretary of BAL.
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Nazmul Huda was a Bangladeshi barrister and politician. He served as the minister of information (1991–1996) and the minister of communications (2001–2006) of the government of Bangladesh. He was a four-term Jatiya Sangsad member representing the Dhaka-1 constituency. He was a member of Bangladesh Nationalist Party since its inception until 2012 when he left the party as its vice chairman.
Shah Moazzem Hossain was a Bangladesh Nationalist Party politician and the last Deputy Prime Minister of Bangladesh. He was elected as the Jatiya Sangsad member representing the Rangpur-6 constituency as a Jatiya Party candidate in a by-election in September 1991 and served until November 1995.
Bagerhat-1 is a constituency represented in the Jatiya Sangsad of Bangladesh since 2009 by Sheikh Helal Uddin of the Awami League.
Rangpur-6 is a constituency represented in the Jatiya Sangsad of Bangladesh since 2014 by Shirin Sharmin Chaudhury of the Awami League.
Narail-1 is a constituency represented in the Jatiya Sangsad of Bangladesh since 2008 by Kabirul Haque Mukti of the Awami League.
Anisul Islam Mondal is a Jatiya Party (Ershad) politician and a former Jatiya Sangsad member representing the Rangpur-2 constituency.
Mohammed Shahabuddin is a Bangladeshi jurist, civil servant, and politician who is the 16th and incumbent President of Bangladesh. He was elected unopposed in the 2023 presidential election in the nomination of the ruling Awami League. Prior to his presidency, he served as a district and sessions judge and a commissioner of the Anti-Corruption Commission from 2011 to 2016.
References
- ↑ "AL candidate loses in Hasina's citadel". bdnews24.com. Retrieved 6 February 2019.
- ↑ "Hasina files nominations for 2 seats". The Daily Star. 28 November 2018. Retrieved 6 February 2019.
- ↑ "Hasina, Sharmin file nomination forms for Rangpur-6". Hasina, Sharmin file nomination forms for Rangpur-6 | theindependentbd.com. Retrieved 6 February 2019.