Oak Hill Cemetery | |
Location | 1000 Blk. N. Main Street, Lewistown, Illinois, US |
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Coordinates | 40°24′08″N90°09′24″W / 40.40222°N 90.15667°W Coordinates: 40°24′08″N90°09′24″W / 40.40222°N 90.15667°W |
Area | Approximately 30 acres |
NRHP reference No. | 95001240 |
Added to NRHP | November 13, 1995 |
Oak Hill Cemetery is located in the city of Lewistown, Illinois. It lies along Illinois Route 97 and 100 in the 1000 block of North Main Street. [1] The south part of the cemetery is on the National Register of Historic Places.
The first cemetery in Lewistown, Illinois, was located on city lot 16, on land donated for this purpose by Ossian M. Ross, the founder of Lewistown. [2] This cemetery was abandoned after a few years due to pressures from commercial development, and many of the bodies were reinterred in what is now Oak Hill Cemetery. The first tract of land in Oak Hill Cemetery was located in what is now the southeast corner and was approximately one acre in size. [3] The second tract of land, north and west of the original section, was deeded to the Lewistown Cemetery Association in 1865 by Reuben R. and Ruth McDowell. [3] Subsequent additions have brought the total size to approximately 30 acres. Only the south portion of the cemetery, an area of approximately 13 acres, is included in the National Register of Historic Places. [3]
The first interment in Oak Hill Cemetery was Maria (Ross) Coulter, [4] sister of Lewistown's founder, Ossian Ross. However, the dates of her death and interment are unknown. The earliest date of death on a headstone in Oak Hill Cemetery is 1829, but it is unclear whether that date refers to a new burial or to a body being reinterred from the first cemetery. [2]
Oak Hill Cemetery is still in active use. As of 2015, there are more than 5,000 individuals interred there. Among them are some of the early settlers of the Lewistown area, including members of the Beadles, Davidson, Phelps, Ross, and Walker families. [3] [5]
Oak Hill Cemetery provided the inspiration for Edgar Lee Masters' Spoon River Anthology, and many of the characters in this work have been linked to individuals interred in the cemetery. [6] Oak Hill Cemetery is often referred to as "The Hill," in reference to the first section of Masters' Anthology.
A walking tour brochure is available from the City of Lewistown that lists the characters in the verse and their counterparts in the cemetery. [7] This brochure also includes a map of the cemetery layout and the location of the gravesites of individuals linked to the Anthology. The gravesites of these individuals are indicated by numbered markers that are located beside the corresponding gravestones and are shaped in the silhouette of Edgar Lee Masters. There are 40 such markers, representing 52 characters from the Anthology (some of the individuals interred in the cemetery correspond to more than one character in the Anthology). However, there is still some uncertainty as to the exact relationship between the individuals interred in the cemetery and the characters in the Spoon River Anthology. According to Masters, 66 of the anthology characters correspond to persons buried in the cemetery. [3]
Located at the south entry of the cemetery is a memorial to Edgar Lee Masters, highlighting his close relationship to the cemetery. Nearby is a "Looking for Lincoln" exhibit that is devoted to Masters. In a central part of the cemetery there is a Civil War memorial that includes a pair of sandstone columns (the so-called "Lincoln pillars" [2] ) that were quarried from the Spoon River bottom. These columns were salvaged from the old Fulton County courthouse (actually, the third courthouse in Lewistown), which was burned by a fire of uncertain origin on December 13, 1894. [8] On separate occasions, Abraham Lincoln and Stephen A. Douglas each gave speeches from between the columns when the columns were in their original location in front of the courthouse. [9] Lincoln's famous "Back to the Declaration of Independence" speech was given there on August 17, 1858. [10]
Perhaps the tallest monument in the cemetery is the memorial for William Cullen Bryant. This was not the poet William Cullen Bryant, but a distant relative who was the inspiration for the character "Percy Bysshe Shelley" in the Spoon River Anthology. [6] The memorial consists of a marble shaft that is topped by a statue of a woman.
Fulton County is a county in the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2010 census, it had a population of 37,069. Its county seat is Lewistown, and the largest city is Canton. Fulton County comprises the Canton, IL Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is part of the Peoria-Canton, IL Combined Statistical Area.
Lewistown is a city in Fulton County, Illinois, United States. It was named by its founder, Ossian M. Ross, after his oldest son, Lewis W. Ross. The population was 2,384 at the 2010 census, down from 2,522 at the 2000 census. It is the county seat of Fulton County. Located in central Illinois, it is southwest of Peoria. It is the source of Spoon River Anthology by Edgar Lee Masters, who lived there. Native American burial mounds are nearby at Dickson Mounds off Illinois Route 97.
Petersburg is a city in and the county seat of Menard County, Illinois, United States, on the bluffs and part of the floodplain overlooking the Sangamon River. It is part of the Springfield, Illinois Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 2,258 at the 2020 census, nearly unchanged from 2010. Petersburg is located approximately 2 miles (3 km) north of New Salem, the original location where Abraham Lincoln first settled, as he started his career.
Edgar Lee Masters was an American attorney, poet, biographer, and dramatist. He is the author of Spoon River Anthology, The New Star Chamber and Other Essays, Songs and Satires, The Great Valley, The Serpent in the Wilderness, An Obscure Tale, The Spleen, Mark Twain: A Portrait, Lincoln: The Man, and Illinois Poems. In all, Masters published twelve plays, twenty-one books of poetry, six novels and six biographies, including those of Abraham Lincoln, Mark Twain, Vachel Lindsay, and Walt Whitman.
The Spoon River is a 147-mile-long (237 km) tributary of the Illinois River in west-central Illinois in the United States. The river drains largely agricultural prairie country between Peoria and Galesburg. The river is noted for giving its name to the fictional Illinois town in the 1915 poetry work Spoon River Anthology by Edgar Lee Masters, who was from Lewistown, which is near the river.
Spoon River Anthology (1915), by Edgar Lee Masters, is a collection of short free verse poems that collectively narrates the epitaphs of the residents of Spoon River, a fictional small town named after the Spoon River, which ran near Masters' home town of Lewistown, Illinois. The aim of the poems is to demystify rural and small town American life. The collection includes 212 separate characters, in all providing 244 accounts of their lives, losses, and manner of death. Many of the poems contain cross-references that create an unabashedly candid tapestry of the community. The poems originally were published in 1914 in the St. Louis, Missouri, literary journal Reedy's Mirror, under the pseudonym Webster Ford.
The Illinois Historic Preservation Division, formerly Illinois Historic Preservation Agency, is a governmental agency of the U.S. state of Illinois, and is a division of the Illinois Department of Natural Resources. It is tasked with the duty of maintaining State-owned historic sites, and maximizing their educational and recreational value to visitors or on-line users. In addition, it manages the process for applications within the state for additions to the National Register of Historic Places.
Lewistown Township is one of twenty-six townships in Fulton County, Illinois, USA. As of the 2010 census, its population was 3,039 and it contained 1,444 housing units.
Lewis Winans Ross was an Illinois attorney, merchant, and U.S. Representative from Illinois's 9th congressional district. He was widely known as an antiwar Peace Democrat or Copperhead during the American Civil War.
William Edgar Hull was an American businessman and politician. He served as U.S. Representative from Illinois for five terms.
William Kellogg was a U. S. Representative from Illinois and Chief Justice of the Territorial Supreme Court of the Nebraska Territory.
Oak Hill Cemetery may refer to:
Leonard Fulton Ross was an American lawyer, probate judge, and stock raiser who served as a first lieutenant in the Mexican-American War and as a brigadier general during the American Civil War.
The Prairieland Conference is a high school conference in western central Illinois. The conference participates in athletics and activities in the Illinois High School Association. The conference comprises small public high schools with enrollments between 50 and 400 students in portions of Fulton, Knox, Mason, McDonough, Peoria, Schuyler, and Warren counties.
Ossian M. Ross was a pioneer farmer, stock-raiser, and merchant in Illinois, who served as a major in the War of 1812 and subsequently founded the Illinois towns of Lewistown and Havana, and who also played a prominent role in establishing Fulton and Mason counties in that state.
John Wesley Ross was an American attorney who served as postmaster of Washington, D.C., as president of the D.C. Public Schools Board of Trustees, and as a member and president of the D.C. Board of Commissioners.
Isaac Newton Walker was a pioneer farmer and merchant in Illinois, designer of the third Fulton County courthouse, member of the Illinois House of Representatives, and a close personal friend of Abraham Lincoln.
The Harvey Lee Ross House is a two-story frame, side-gabled house built in approximately 1858 on the farm of Harvey Lee Ross near Vermont, Illinois. The house and several outbuildings were added to the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in 1996, based on the distinctive characteristics of the architecture and an association with the life of a significant individual from the past. The house features Greek Revival elements with some Italianate detailing. It was originally owned by Harvey Lee Ross, a railroad developer, banker, merchant, and agriculturist.
William Taylor Davidson was the owner and editor of the Fulton Democrat newspaper from 1858 to 1915. He was a staunch supporter of Stephen A. Douglas and a strong advocate for the views of the Peace Democrats or Copperheads during the American Civil War.