Operation Keystone Cardinal

Last updated

Operation Keystone Cardinal was the withdrawal of the 3rd Marine Division from South Vietnam, taking place from 30 September to 27 November 1969.

Contents

Background

Following the withdrawal of the 9th Marine Regiment from South Vietnam in Operation Keystone Eagle, planning began for the withdrawal of the remaining units of 3rd Marine Division in line with the plans prepared by MACV. [1]

Operation

The Keystone Cardinal redeployments took place as follows: [1] :167–8

Departure DateUnitStrengthDestination
30 September 1969Detachment, Headquarters, III Marine Amphibious Force 70 Camp Pendleton
30 September 1969OOCNE724Camp Pendleton
2 October 1969Company B, 3rd Engineer Battalion 159Camp Pendleton
2 October 1969Company C, 3rd Medical Battalion24Camp Pendleton
2 October 1969 1st Battalion, 12th Marines 662Camp Pendleton
2 October 1969Company B, 3rd Shore Party Battalion 82Camp Pendleton
2 October 1969Company B, 9th Motor Transport Battalion 91Camp Pendleton
4 October 19693rd Bridge Company102Camp Pendleton
4 October 1969Detachment, 11th Engineer Battalion 622Camp Pendleton
4 October 1969Company B, 3rd Motor Transport Battalion 68Camp Pendleton
4 October 1969Company A, 3rd Reconnaissance Battalion 143Camp Pendleton
6 October 1969 1st Battalion, 3rd Marines 1166Camp Pendleton
6 October 1969 2nd Battalion, 3rd Marines 1166Camp Pendleton
6 October 1969Detachment, 3rd Battalion, 12th Marines 91Camp Pendleton
6 October 1969Detachment, Headquarters Battery, 12th Marine Regiment 61Camp Pendleton
6 October 1969Detachment, Headquarters, 3rd Marine Division436Camp Pendleton
6 October 1969Detachment, 4th Battalion, 12th Marines 150Camp Pendleton
6 October 1969Detachment, Headquarters Company, 3rd Marine Regiment 24Camp Pendleton
6 October 1969Detachment, Force Logistics Command (FLC)400Camp Pendleton
6 October 1969Detachment, 7th Communication Battalion 193Camp Pendleton
6 October 1969Detachment, 2nd Battalion, 4th Marines 118Camp Pendleton
6 October 1969Detachment, 3rd Battalion, 4th Marines 118Camp Pendleton
6 October 1969Detachment, Headquarters Company, 4th Marine Regiment 100Camp Pendleton
6 October 1969Detachment, 1st Special Security Communications Team (SSCT)4Camp Pendleton
6 October 1969OOCNE14Camp Pendleton
6 October 1969OOCNE123Camp Pendleton
6 October 1969Detachment, VMO-6 8Camp Pendleton
6 October 1969Detachment, HMM-164 8Camp Pendleton
6 October 1969Detachment, Marine Air Base Squadron 36 (MABS-36)89Camp Pendleton
6 October 1969Detachment, Headquarters & Maintenance Squadron 36 (H&MS-36)164Camp Pendleton
6 October 1969Detachment, Marine Air Base Squadron 11 (MABS-11)20Camp Pendleton
6 October 1969Detachment, Marine Air Base Squadron 12 (MABS-12)20Camp Pendleton
6 October 1969Detachment, Marine Air Base Squadron 13 (MABS-13)20Camp Pendleton
6 October 1969Detachment, Marine Air Base Squadron 16 (MABS-16)22Camp Pendleton
7 October 1969Headquarters Company, 3rd Marine Regiment230Camp Pendleton
7 October 1969 3rd Battalion, 3rd Marines 1166Camp Pendleton
7 October 1969Detachment, 1st Battalion, 4th Marines 118Camp Pendleton
7 October 1969 HMM-265 249Camp Pendleton
7 October 1969 VMA-533 304Camp Pendleton
7 October 1969Detachment, Headquarters & Maintenance Squadron 12 (H&MS-12)69Japan
20 October 19697th Communication Battalion190 Okinawa
20 October 19693rd Motor Transport Battalion20Okinawa
20 October 1969Platoon, 3rd Bridge Company21Okinawa
20 October 1969Headquarters Battery, 12th Marine Regiment100Okinawa
20 October 1969HMM-164258Okinawa
20 October 1969 HMH-462 233Okinawa
22 October 19691st Battalion, 4th Marines1048Okinawa
22 October 1969Detachment, Headquarters Battalion, 3rd Marine Division200Okinawa
22 October 1969VMO-6234Okinawa
22 October 1969Detachment, VMO-632Okinawa
23 October 1969Battery G, 3rd Battalion, 12th Marines133Okinawa
23 October 19693rd Engineer Battalion341Okinawa
23 October 1969 3rd Tank Battalion 345Okinawa
3 November 196915th CIT16Okinawa
3 November 1969Detachment, H&HS-18 18Japan
4 November 19699th Motor Transport Battalion88Okinawa
5 November 19693rd Battalion, 12th Marines328Okinawa
5 November 196917th Interrogator Translator Team (ITT)11Okinawa
5 November 196911th ITT6Okinawa
5 November 19699th ITT6Okinawa
6 November 1969Headquarters Company, 4th Marine Regiment130Okinawa
6 November 1969Company B, 3rd Tank Battalion140Okinawa
7 November 1969H&MS-36324Okinawa
8 November 19691st SSCT6Okinawa
8 November 1969Detachment, MASS-2 39Okinawa
9 November 19692nd Battalion, 4th Marines1048Okinawa
9 November 1969Headquarters Battalion, 3rd Marine Division308Okinawa
9 November 1969Detachment, Headquarters Battery, 12th Marine Regiment83Okinawa
10 November 1969Battery K, 4th Battalion, 12th Marines100Okinawa
10 November 19693rd Shore Party Battalion228Okinawa
19 November 19694th Battalion, 12th Marines152Okinawa
20 November 19693rd Battalion, 4th Marines1048Okinawa
21 November 196911th Engineer Battalion103Okinawa
22 November 1969Company C, 9th Motor Transport Battalion83Okinawa
23 November 1969MABS-36318Okinawa
23 November 1969MASS-2123Japan
24 November 1969Detachment, MABS-3687Japan
24 November 1969Detachment, Headquarters Battalion, 3rd Marine Division200Okinawa
24 November 1969 3rd Medical Battalion 86Okinawa
24 November 19693rd Dental Company3Okinawa
24 November 19697th ITT11Okinawa
27 November 1969Battery H, 3rd Battalion, 12th Marines110Okinawa

Aftermath

Operation Keystone Cardinal concluded on 27 November 1969. [1] :168

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">HMH-462</span> Military unit

Marine Heavy Helicopter Squadron 462 (HMH-462) is a United States Marine Corps helicopter squadron operating CH-53E Super Stallion heavy transport helicopters. The squadron, known as the "Heavy Haulers", is based at Marine Corps Air Station Miramar, California and falls under the command of Marine Aircraft Group 16 (MAG-16) and the 3rd Marine Aircraft Wing.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">3rd Reconnaissance Battalion</span> Military unit

The 3rd Reconnaissance Battalion conducts amphibious and ground reconnaissance in support of the 3rd Marine Division and Marine Forces Pacific (MarForPac), operating in the commander's areas of influence. The battalion is based out of Camp Schwab, a satellite base of Marine Corps Base Camp Smedley D. Butler. It is geographically located on the Okinawa Prefecture in Japan.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Da Nang Air Base</span> Military base in Vietnam

Da Nang Air Base (1930s–1975) was a French Air Force and later Republic of Vietnam Air Force (RVNAF) facility located in the city of Da Nang, Vietnam. During the Vietnam War (1959–1975), it was a major base with United States Army, United States Air Force (USAF), and United States Marine Corps (USMC) units stationed there. Air Vietnam also used the facility from 1951 to 1975 for civilian domestic and international flights within Southeast Asia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">26th Marine Regiment (United States)</span> Military unit

The 26th Marine Regiment is an inactivated infantry regiment of the United States Marine Corps. The 26th Marines were activated in 1944 and fought in the Battle of Iwo Jima during World War II and were activated again on 1 March 1966, and fought in the Battle of Khe Sanh during the Vietnam War.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">I Corps (South Vietnam)</span> Corps of the South Vietnamese Army

I Corps was a corps of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN), the army of the nation state of South Vietnam that existed from 1955 to 1975. It was one of four corps of the ARVN. This was the northernmost region of South Vietnam, bordering North Vietnam at the Vietnamese Demilitarized Zone (DMZ). These five provinces are Quảng Trị Province,, Thừa Thiên-Huế Province,, Quảng Nam Province,, Quảng Tín Province, and Quảng Ngãi Province,.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1969 in the Vietnam War</span>

The inauguration of Richard Nixon in January led to a reevaluation of the U.S. role in the war. U.S. forces peaked at 543,000 in April. U.S. military strategy remained relatively unchanged from the offensive strategy of 1968 until the Battle of Hamburger Hill in May which led to a change a more reactive approach. The U.S. and South Vietnam agreed on a policy of Vietnamization with South Vietnamese forces being expanded and equipped to take over more of the ground combat from the departing Americans which began to withdraw in late June without any reciprocal commitment by the North Vietnamese. The morale of U.S. ground forces began to fray with increasing racial tensions and the first instances of fragging and combat refusal. The antiwar movement in the U.S. continued to grow and public opinion turned increasingly antiwar when the Mỹ Lai massacre was revealed in November.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Leo J. Dulacki</span> United States Marine Corps general

Leo John Dulacki was a highly decorated lieutenant general in the United States Marine Corps. During his 32 years of active service Dulacki held several important intelligence assignments including service in Moscow and Helsinki. He finished his career as director of personnel/deputy chief of staff for manpower at Headquarters Marine Corps.

Đông Hà Combat Base is a former U.S. Marine Corps and U.S. Army base northwest of Quảng Trị in central Vietnam. The base was first used by the 4th Marines in late April 1966. In mid-July Đông Hà was used by the Marines as a helicopter base and logistics area. Numerous US marine and army units rotated through the base, and several artillery units were based there.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cam Lộ Combat Base</span>

Cam Lộ Combat Base is a former U.S. Marine Corps, U.S. Army and Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) base northwest of Quảng Trị in central Vietnam.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Firebase Gio Linh</span>

Firebase Gio Linh is a former U.S. Marine Corps, U.S. Army and Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) firebase north of Đông Hà in Quang Tri Province, central Vietnam.

Quảng Trị Combat Base is a former United States Marine Corps, United States Army and Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) base northwest of Quảng Trị in central Vietnam.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cửa Việt Base</span>

Cửa Việt Base is a former U.S. Marine Corps, U.S. Navy, U.S. Army and Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) base north of Quảng Trị in central Vietnam.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Landing Zone Baldy</span> Airport

Landing Zone Baldy was a U.S. Marine Corps, Army and Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) base located northwest of Chu Lai, Quảng Nam Province in central Vietnam.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hill 950</span>

Hill 950 was a U.S. Marine Corps and MACV-SOG base located north of Khe Sanh, in Quảng Trị Province.

Firebase Fuller is a former U.S. Marine Corps, Army and Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) firebase in central Vietnam.

Firebase Khe Gio is a former U.S. Marines and Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) firebase west of Cam Lộ in central Vietnam.

The 1st Battalion, 26th Marines (1/26) is an inactive infantry battalion of the United States Marine Corps. They were part of the 26th Marine Regiment and 5th Marine Division and fought during the Battle of Iwo Jima in World War II. They were activated again for the Vietnam War but were deactivated after the war and remain inactive today.

The 3rd Battalion, 26th Marines (3/26) is an inactive infantry battalion of the United States Marine Corps. They were part of the 26th Marine Regiment and 5th Marine Division and fought during the Battle of Iwo Jima in World War II. They were activated again for the Vietnam War but were deactivated after the war and remain inactive today.

Operation Keystone Eagle was the withdrawal of the initial units of the 3rd Marine Division from South Vietnam and their redeployment to Okinawa, taking place from 29 June to 30 August 1969.

Operation Fulton Square was a joint U.S. Army and Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) military operation during the Vietnam War to engage People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) units in the lowlands of Quảng Trị Province.

References

PD-icon.svg This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Marine Corps .

  1. 1 2 3 Smith, Charles (1988). U.S. Marines in Vietnam: High Mobility and Standdown 1969. History and Museums Division, Headquarters, U.S. Marine Corps. pp.  166-9. ISBN   978-1494287627.