Operation Tekbir '95 | |||||||
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Part of the Siege of Sarajevo during the Bosnian War | |||||||
ARBiH Offensive Operations in the Sarajevo Region, 15–22 June 1995 | |||||||
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Belligerents | |||||||
Republika Srpska | Bosnia and Herzegovina | ||||||
Commanders and leaders | |||||||
Ratko Mladić | Rasim Delić | ||||||
Strength | |||||||
ARBiH claim: [1] 17,500 soldiers 41 guns 132 mortars 24 tanks | ARBIH claim: [2] 46,163 soldiers 43 guns 406 mortars 19 tanks | ||||||
Casualties and losses | |||||||
200 killed and 600 wounded [3] | 1,200 killed and 3,000 wounded [4] |
The Bosnian offensive on Sarajevo in 1995 (codenamed Operation Tekbir '95) was a military offensive executed by Bosnian Muslim forces (ARBiH) against Serb forces (VRS) in an attempt to break the Siege of Sarajevo during the Bosnian War. The Bosnian Muslim forces were superior in manpower, but not in heavy weapons, key items for Trench Warfare. This lack of weapons eventually led to commander Rasim Delić to stop the offensive due to heavy losses. [5]
As fighting in Sarajevo gradually widened in 1995, Bosnian Muslim forces launched a large-scale offensive in the area. In response to the attack, the Bosnian Serbs seized heavy weapons from UN-guarded depots, and began shelling their targets. [6] As a response fo these actions, the UN commander, Lt. General Rupert Smith, requested NATO air strikes. NATO honored the request on 25 May and on 26 May 1995 and bombed a Serb ammunition dump near Pale. [7] The mission was carried out by USAF F-16s and Spanish Air Force EF-18A Hornets armed with laser-guided bombs.Ripley, Tim (2001). Conflict in the Balkans, 1991–2000. London: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 1-84176-290-3. During this attack, the Serbs then took 377 UNPROFOR member as hostages and used them as human shields for a variety of targets in Pale, forcing NATO to end its strikes. [8]
The Bosnian Muslim forces initially had many successes: the 1st Corps attacked and captured Debelo Brdo, Cemerska and Route Viper, pushing the Serbs back. However, in a counterattack led by Colonel general Ratko Mladić the Serbs managed to recapture most of the land, including Cemerska, Trnovo and Stup. [9] The ARBiH attacks were stopped because of the huge losses: 1,200 men killed and over 3,000 wounded. [10]
Operation Shield 94 refers to the offensive in Western Bosnia from the 4 November to 20 November 1994, the key goal was to fully destroy the 5th Corps, and to recapture lands lost during Operation Grmeć 94. It resulted in a decisive Serbian victory.
The Attack on Teslić was an attempt by the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (ARBiH) to take Teslić and the surrounding settlements from the Army of Republika Srpska (VRS) in October 1994 during the Bosnian War. All attacks on the city were successfully defended by the VRS. After the signing of the Washington Agreement in late march 1994, which ended the Croat-Bosniak War in the Tešanj-Maglaj enclave, the ARBiH saved significant forces that were on the front lines against the 111th Croatian Defence Council (HVO) brigade from Žepče and transferred them to the Serb front line towards Teslić.
Operation Star 94 is the code name for the operation of the Army of Republika Srpska (VRS) in the spring of 1994, in Gornje Podrinje. The goal of the operation was to force the political leadership of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina to negotiate the signing of an armistice by capturing Goražde.
The Battle of Azići was one of the battles in the Siege of Sarajevo in 1993. The VRS made its first step in the operation in the suburbs in early December 1992, breaking through the suburb of Otes, some 15 kilometers west of central Sarajevo. In the middle of February, the Sarajevo-Romanijan Corps started the second part of the campaign, attacked Aziće, the troops of the 1st Ilidžan Infantry Brigade attacked with support tanks and armored personnel carriers of the 1st Sarajevo Mechanized Brigade.
The incident in Sarajevo took place after the shelling of the market on February 5 and the establishment of a heavy weapons exclusion zone of 20 kilometers. It was an Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina attack on the Army of Republika Srpska.
Operation Brana 94 was the name of the operation of the joint forces of the 3rd Corps of the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (ARBiH), which began on June 1, 1994, from the direction of Zavidović and with shorter interruptions that lasted until 5 July 1994. In the end, the Serbs, with far fewer soldiers, managed to defend Vozuća.
The Brčko offensive was a response by the Army of Republika Srpska (VRS) to expand the Corridor near Brčko due to many Croatian Defence Council (HVO) attacks. The HVO forces from the settlement south of Brčko and Orašje aimed to cut off the corridor. At the end of 1992, the focus of the fighting in the Posavina Corridor shifted to its narrowest sector near Brčko. The Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (ARBiH) and HVO forces, including units from Orašje, launched several attacks that temporarily cut off the corridor northwest of Brčko. The Army of Republika Srpska retaliated with an attack to widen the corridor, succeeding in doing so.
The Kalesija and Kamenica offensive was an offensive during the Bosnian war from 30th July – 30th October 1992. The offensive was launched by the ARBiH to connect Kamenica enclave with Bosnian government territory, and was also ARBiH from Kamenica attack to split the road from Zvornik to Šekovići. The Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina would fail to achieve this goal.
The siege of Slunj was an armed conflict in the territory of the municipality of Slunj in 1991 during the Croatian War of Independence. It was fought between the Croatian Army (HV) on one side, and the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA) on the other. It was the largest Croatian enclave that was separated from the rest of Croatia during the conflict. After the JNA took over Slunj, over 16,000 Croats were expelled from the enclave and hundreds were murdered in war crimes during the occupation until the end of the war.
The Offensive on Teslić (1994) was the initial assault by the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (ARBiH) on the town of Teslić during the Bosnian War.
The Treskavica Front was a crucial zone for the Siege of Sarajevo during the Bosnian War. In mid-July 1995, the Army of Republika Srpska (VRS) started a series of offensives on the Treskavica mountain range, causing heavy fighting. The Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (ARBiH) initially had success in pushing back Bosnian Serb troops at various times, but it always resulted in counter-offensives by the Army of Republika Srpska.
The attack on Stolice was an attempt by the ARBiH to control the positions of the VRS on Mountain Majevica. At first, the ARBiH suppressed the VRS, and a week later, the ARBiH attacked the VRS positions again, with which the VRS retaliated with a counterattack up to the top of Velika Jelica and returned part of the southern territory. The defense of Stolica and Banj brdo was carried out by the East Bosnian Corps of the Army of Republika Srpska.
The offensive in Podrinje was the response of the Army of Republika Srpska to the attack on Višegrad by the ARBiH. The position of Višegrad was inconvenient due to the artillery attack of the ARBiH. The VRS decided to carry out the last offensive for the security of Višegrad, the Army of Republika Srpska would push the ARBiH away from the vicinity of Višegrad and all the way to the vicinity of Goražde.
Battle of Grbavica was one of the many battles fought between the VRS and the ARBiH in the siege of Sarajevo. The year 1993 was the most difficult year for Grbavica, she was constantly attacked. and until the end of the war, Grbavica remained part of Republika Srpska, but was later given to the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina by the Dayton Agreement.
Operation Majevica was the code name of the operation and an attempt by the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (ARBiH) to control the peaks of Stolica, Banj brdo and occupy Lopare. This battle took place in the most difficult year of the Army of Republika Srpska (VRS), 1995, but despite all the attacks of the ARBiH, the VRS defended the villages of Priboj, Piperi, Vakuf, Brusnica, the peaks on Majevica and the repeater.
The Attacks on Vrnograč also known as Operation Vrnograč 95, was a series of skirmishes and clashes in the area of Vrnograč, Bosnia and Herzegovina during the Bosnian War and Inter-Bosnian Muslim War.
The Mala Kladušan offensive were series of fighting between the NOZB and ARBiH to recapture villages east of Velika Kladuša. This offensive was after the successful Operation Spider, in which the Autonomous Province of Western Bosnia was re-established. The goal was to eliminate the 5th Corps from the Mala Kladuša-Podzvizd region.
The Operation Sword 1 was first phase of a bigger operation called "Sword 95" during the 1995 Bosnian War and Inter-Bosnian Muslim War. The goal of Sword 1 was to make APZB double in size and to return its largest village Šturlić. And after that to be declared a republic. The goal of Sword 2 was to occupy Cazin because it was in the middle of the Bihać enclave, and that would put a lot of pressure on 5th Corps. But due to operation Storm, this phase did not start.
The Battle of Jasenovac occurred during the Croatian War of Independence. In September 1991, Serb forces had taken the village of Jasenovac on 7 October, but on 8 October, the HV tried an unsuccesful counter-offensive.
The Battle of Velika Kladuša was one of the first battles in the Inter-Bosnian Muslim War. The goal of the 5th Corps was the abolition of Western Bosnia, which had been established a few weeks before the battle of Velika Kladuša. The attack did not succeed and Western Bosnia was a thorn in the eye of the 5th Corps until Operation Storm.