Sadejstvo 93' | |||||||
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Part of the Bosnian War | |||||||
Operation Sadejstvo 93 | |||||||
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Belligerents | |||||||
Republika Srpska | Bosnia and Herzegovina | ||||||
Commanders and leaders | |||||||
Momir Talić Novica Simić | Unknown | ||||||
Units involved | |||||||
Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina | |||||||
Strength | |||||||
10,000 [2] | 12,000 [2] | ||||||
Casualties and losses | |||||||
Unknown | Unknown |
Operation Sadejstvo 93 is the code name for the operation of the Army of Republika Srpska in the summer of 1993, in Bosanska Posavina. The operation is also known as the battle for the "Strujni Corridor". [3]
Since the stable and adequate electricity supply of Bosnian Krajina was threatened due to the state of war, the VRS decided to expand the corridor near Brčko in order to include and repair the electric line that passed through the villages of Brod, Donja Brka, Kolonija, Lipovac, Đukići and Bajići. [4]
In the operation, the VRS engaged units of the 1st Krajina Corps and the East Bosnian Corps, divided into two tactical groups. The first tactical group (TG-1) relied on the Garda Panteri, the special detachment "Peša" of the 1st Posavina Brigade, the 4th Battalion of the 43rd Prijedor Mtbr, as well as parts of the elite 1st Battalion of the Military Police; [2] TG-1 advanced in the direction of s. Brod and s. Mustache. The second tactical group (TG-2) was led by the 16th Krajina Motorized Brigade and the 5th Kozar brigade [4] in the direction of s. Bajići, s. Lipovac and s. Djukići. An armored battalion of the First Armored Brigade also participated in the operation; artillery support was provided by the 1st and 3rd mixed artillery regiments.
The ARBiH relied on the following brigades during the operation: 21st Srebrenik Brigade, 108th Motorized Brigade and 108th HVO Brigade; all together 12,000 soldiers. [4] The advantage of the defense was reflected in the terrain impassable by tanks (intertwined with canals) and flat area (easy control of enemy infantry attacks). This meant that the armor and maneuverability of the elite infantry units, one of the main strengths of the VRS —was of little or no use from the start. [5] In addition, the VRS could not use the great superiority in artillery due to the density of the enemy's defense (the length of the front was about 15 kilometers, which means that the ARBiH had almost one man per meter in defense); high density allowed defense in depth, that is, more lines. On the other hand, the basic handicap of the ARBiH was the lack of heavy weapons (about 6,000 soldiers only possessed infantry weapons), which condemned the ARBiH to leave the initiative to the attacker in the plains.
The operation lasted seven days, from July 20 to 27, and ended successfully. During the first few days of the operation, the advance of VRS forces was weak. The turning point occurred on July 24, when special units of the VRS broke through the Muslim positions and occupied the villages of Brod and Lipovac. By July 27 and the end of the operation, the VRS had conquered the following places: Dizdaruša, Brod, Kolonija, Lipovac, Omerbegovača and some parts of Brka. Thus, the corridor was secured. [6]
The Croatian Defence Council was the official military formation of the Croatian Republic of Herzeg-Bosnia, an unrecognized state that existed in the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina between 1991 and 1996. The HVO was the main military force of the Croats of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Operation Sana was the final military offensive of the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina in western Bosnia and Herzegovina and the last major battle of the Bosnian War. It was launched from the area of Bihać on 13 September 1995, against the Army of Republika Srpska, and involved advances towards Bosanski Petrovac, Sanski Most and Bosanska Krupa. At the same time, the Croatian Army and the Croatian Defence Council were engaging the VRS in Operation Maestral 2 further to the southeast. After an initial 70-kilometre (43 mi) advance, VRS reinforcements managed to stop the ARBiH short of Sanski Most and Bosanski Novi, and reversed some of the ARBiH's territorial gains in a counterattack. After a part of the ARBiH 5th Corps was threatened with defeat around the town of Ključ, the ARBiH requested assistance from the HV.
Operation Mistral 2, officially codenamed Operation Maestral 2, was a Croatian Army (HV) and Croatian Defence Council (HVO) offensive in western Bosnia and Herzegovina on 8–15 September 1995 as part of the Bosnian War. Its objective was to create a security buffer between Croatia and positions held by the Bosnian Serb Army of Republika Srpska (VRS). The operation also spearheaded a Herzeg-Croat led move to compromise the occupation of the largest Bosnian Serb-held city, Banja Luka, by capturing the towns of Jajce, Šipovo and Drvar. Thus jeopardizing the operations capacity of Banja Luka and ultimately leading to its recapture. The combined HV and HVO forces were under the overall command of HV Major General Ante Gotovina.
The 5th Corps was one of seven corps and smallest one of the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The formation was around the Bihać pocket to protect it against the surrounding Serb forces. The Fifth Corps also fought secessional Bosniak forces loyal to Fikret Abdić, who was cooperating with Serb forces. In the last military action of the ARBiH, Operation Sana, the 5th Corps defeated Abdić's supporters and started all out offensive connecting to the rest of the Bosnian territory while bringing a number of previously lost and occupied regions of Bosnia and Herzegovina under government control, defeating 1st and 2nd Krajiški corps, strengthened with units that escaped Kninska krajina and multiple serb paramilitary forces coming to aid from different forntlines. During Sana 95 and Downfall of Second autonomy 5th Corps also liberated towns and communes in border section of Croatia. Connecting with Croat forces in Grabovac-Rakovica area, Korenica-Frkašić area, Bogovolja-Cetingrad area. The solemny meet up was done on the border bridge in Tražačka Raštela. During the Operation Sana 95 5th Corps captured biggest war loot the ARBiH ever had. Inventory of ARBiH weaponry grew exponentially after Operation Sana 95 which equipped the unit for further Operation Prijedor 95. In April 2018, police detained Atif Dudaković and 12 others on suspicion of committing crimes against humanity during the Bosnian war. The court process is still ongoing without established evidence.
Operation Corridor 92 was the largest operation conducted during the Bosnian War by the Army of Republika Srpska (VRS) against the forces of the Croatian Defence Council (HVO) and the Croatian Army (HV) in the Bosanska Posavina region of northern Bosnia and Herzegovina between 24 June and 6 October 1992. The objective of the offensive was to re-establish a road link between the city of Banja Luka in the west of the country and the eastern parts of the territory controlled by the Bosnian Serbs. The offensive was prompted by the capture of Derventa by the HV and the HVO – a move that blocked the single overland road between the VRS-controlled territories.
Operation Vrbas '92 was a military offensive undertaken by the Army of Republika Srpska in June–October 1992, during the Bosnian War. The goal of the operation was the destruction of a salient around the central Bosnian town of Jajce, which was held by the Croatian Defence Council and the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The intensity of fighting varied considerably and involved several major VRS offensive efforts interspersed by relative lulls in fighting. Jajce fell to the VRS on 29 October 1992, and the town's capture was followed by the destruction of all its mosques and Roman Catholic churches.
Operation Winter '94 was a joint military offensive of the Croatian Army (HV) and the Croatian Defence Council (HVO) fought in southwestern Bosnia and Herzegovina between 29 November and 24 December 1994. The operation formed part of the Croatian War of Independence and the Bosnian War fought between Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia and two unrecognized para-states proclaimed by Croatian Serbs and Bosnian Serbs. Both para-states were supported by the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA) and Serbia. The JNA pulled out in 1992, but transferred much of its equipment to the Bosnian Serb and Croatian Serb forces as it withdrew.
The Battle of Kupres was a battle of the Bosnian War, fought between the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (ARBiH) and the Croatian Defence Council (HVO) on one side and the Army of Republika Srpska (VRS) on the other from 20 October to 3 November 1994. It marks the first tangible evidence of the Bosniak–Croat alliance set out in the Washington Agreement of March 1994, brokered by the United States to end the Croat–Bosniak War fought between the ARBiH and the HVO in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The ARBiH and the HVO were not coordinated at first, rather they launched separate operations aimed at capture of Kupres.
Operation Tiger was a Croatian Army (HV) offensive conducted in areas of Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina near Dubrovnik between 1 and 13 July 1992. It was designed to push the Army of Republika Srpska (VRS) away from the city towards Popovo field and secure a supply route via Rijeka Dubrovačka, which was gained in early June as the siege of Dubrovnik by the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA) was lifted. The operation's success was facilitated by the establishment of the HV's Southern Front command and the successful conclusion of the May–June 1992 operations against the VRS in the Neretva River valley, which concluded with Operation Jackal.
Operation Una was a military offensive conducted by the Croatian Army against the Army of Republika Srpska in western Bosnia and Herzegovina on 18–19 September 1995, during the Bosnian War. The operation entailed a crossing of the Una and Sava rivers to establish bridgeheads at Novi Grad, Bosanska Dubica, Bosanska Kostajnica and opposite Jasenovac to allow for a subsequent advance towards Prijedor and Banja Luka.
The Battle of Orašje was fought during the Bosnian War, from 5 May to 10 June 1995, between the Bosnian Serb Army of Republika Srpska and the Bosnian Croat Croatian Defence Council for control of the town of Orašje and its surrounding area on the south bank of the Sava River. The offensive codenamed Operation Flame-95 and referred to by Croatian sources as Operation Revenge was actually fought with varying intensity, with periods of combat interspersed by lulls lasting two to seven days. The heaviest fighting was reported on 15 May, when the VRS managed to break through a portion of the HVO defences near the village of Vidovice, but the breach was successfully contained and the lost ground was recovered by the HVO.
Operation Southern Move was the final Croatian Army (HV) and Croatian Defence Council (HVO) offensive of the Bosnian War. It took place in western Bosnia and Herzegovina on 8–11 October 1995. Its goal was to help the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (ARBiH) whose positions around the town of Ključ, captured by them during Operation Sana, were endangered by a counteroffensive by the Army of Republika Srpska (VRS). The objectives of Operation Southern Move included the capture of the town of Mrkonjić Grad and positions on the Manjača Mountain which would allow the HV and the HVO to directly threaten Banja Luka, the largest city controlled by Bosnian Serbs. Finally, the offensive was also aimed at capturing the Bočac Hydroelectric Power Station, the last significant source of electricity under VRS control in western Bosnia and Herzegovina. The combined HV and HVO forces were under the overall command of HV Major General Ante Gotovina.
2nd Krajina Brigade was infantry brigade of the Army of Republika Srpska and Yugoslav People's Army founded on 1991 in Rakovačke bare settlement, Banja Luka.
The 16th Krajina Motorized Brigade was a motorized unit based in Banja Luka part of the 1st Krajina Corps of the Army of Republika Srpska.
Operation Bura was a joint offensive conducted by the Croatian Defence Council and the Croatian Army on the territories held by the Nevesinje and Bileća brigades of the Army of Republika Srpska during the Bosnian War.
1st Krajina Corps was one of the seven corps of the Army of Republika Srpska (VRS). Before implementation into the Army of Republika Srpska, the corps was known as 5th Corps of Yugoslav People's Army or Banja Luka Corps. It was because of this fact that it was successor of the infrastructure, organization and most of the equipment. The main task of the corps was to defend western parts of the Republika Srpska, today however these areas are mostly part of Banja Luka region. It was the most numbered corps of VRS with between 51,000 and 60,000 soldiers. During the War in Bosnia and Herzegovina 6,997 died, 27,176 wounded and 1,031 soldiers have been missing.
Operation "Breza 94" was the official codename for the military offensive conducted by the 1st Krajina Corps of the VRS in September 1994 in Bosanska Krajina. The objective of the offensive was the breaking of the 5th Corps and the conquest of Bosanska Krajina. The offensive ended in VRS defeat with the ARBiH capturing 20 square kilometers previously held by Serbs.
Operation Brana 94 was the name of the operation of the joint forces of the 3rd Corps of the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (ARBiH), which began on June 1, 1994, from the direction of Zavidović and with shorter interruptions that lasted until 5 July 1994. In the end, the Serbs, with far fewer soldiers, managed to defend Vozuća.
The Offensive on Teslić (1994) was the initial assault by the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (ARBiH) on the town of Teslić during the Bosnian War.
In March and April 1995 during the last year of the Bosnian War, the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (ARBiH) attacked several heights around Mount Stolice – the highest peak within the Majevica mountain range in northeastern Bosnia and Herzegovina – in an attempt to encircle and then capture it from the Army of Republika Srpska (VRS) defenders. Despite ARBiH success in surrounding the summit of Mount Stolice and its important radio and television transmitter after heavy casualties were suffered on both sides, VRS reserves counterattacked and lifted the blockade. The ARBiH made no further attempts to capture the summit for the remainder of the war.