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A microphone, colloquially called a mic or mike, is a device – a transducer – that converts sound into an electrical signal. Microphones are used in many applications such as telephones, hearing aids, public address systems for concert halls and public events, motion picture production, live and recorded audio engineering, sound recording, two-way radios, megaphones, radio and television broadcasting. They are also used in computers for recording voice, speech recognition, VoIP, and for non-acoustic purposes such as ultrasonic sensors or knock sensors.
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Denis Le Bihan is a medical doctor, physicist, member of the Institut de France, member of the French Academy of Technologies and director since 2007 of NeuroSpin, an institution of the Atomic Energy and Alternative Energy Commission (CEA) in Saclay, dedicated to the study of the brain by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with a very high magnetic field. Denis Le Bihan has received international recognition for his outstanding work, introducing new imaging methods, particularly for the study of the human brain, as evidenced by the many international awards he has received, such as the Gold Medal of the International Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (2001), the coveted Lounsbery Prize, the Louis D. Prize from the Institut de France and the prestigious Honda Prize (2012). His work has focused on the introduction, development and application of highly innovative methods, notably diffusion MRI.
References
- ↑ Optoacoustics Web Site
- ↑ Paritsky, Alexander; Kots, A. (1997). Shladov, Itzhak; Rotman, Stanley R (eds.). "Fiber optic microphone as a realization of fiber optic positioning sensors". Proc. Of International Society for Optical Engineering (SPIE). 10th Meeting on Optical Engineering in Israel. 3110: 408–409. Bibcode:1997SPIE.3110..408P. doi:10.1117/12.281371. S2CID 110338054.
- ↑ USpatent 6462808,Alexander Paritsky and Alexander Kots,"Small optical microphone/sensor",issued 2002-10-08
- ↑ "Case Study: Can You Hear Me Now?". rt image . Valley Forge Publishing. pp. 30–31. Archived from the original on 2011-07-15. Retrieved 2009-08-23.
- ↑ NessAiver (Dept. of Diagnostic Radiology, Univ. of Maryland Medical School, Maryland, USA), M.; Stone, M; Parthasarathy, V; Kahana, Y; Paritsky, A (2006). "Recording High Quality Speech During Tagged Cine-MRI Studies Using a Fiber Optic Microphone". Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging. January (1): 92–7. doi: 10.1002/jmri.20463 . PMID 16331589. S2CID 34266115.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
- ↑ M. Papoutsi (Centre for Speech, Language, and the Brain, Univ. of Cambridge, England), M.; De Zwart, JA; Jansma, JM; Pickering, MJ; Bednar, JA; Horwitz, B (2009). "From Phonemes to Articulatory Codes: An fMRI Study of the Role of Broca's Area in Speech Production". Cerebral Cortex. 19 (9): 2156–2165. doi:10.1093/cercor/bhn239. PMC 2722428 . PMID 19181696.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)