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The Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) is a non-profit scientific organization. [1] The mission of OARSI is to promote and advance research for the prevention and treatment of osteoarthritis.
OARSI publishes an international fully peer-reviewed multidisciplinary journal, Osteoarthritis and Cartilage . Many specialists, practitioners and researchers use this journal as a forum for idea dissemination related to diseases of cartilage and joints.
Each year OARSI hosts a world congress on osteoarthritis.
| Year | Congress | Location |
|---|---|---|
| 2019 | 24th World Congress on Osteoarthritis | Toronto, Canada |
| 2018 | 23rd World Congress on Osteoarthritis | Liverpool, United Kingdom |
| 2017 | 22nd World Congress on Osteoarthritis | Las Vegas, United States |
| 2016 | 21st World Congress on Osteoarthritis | Amsterdam, Netherlands |
| 2015 | 20th World Congress on Osteoarthritis | Seattle, United States |
| 2014 | 19th World Congress on Osteoarthritis | Paris, France |
| 2013 | 18th World Congress on Osteoarthritis | Philadelphia, United States |
| 2012 | 17th World Congress on Osteoarthritis | Barcelona, Spain |
| 2011 | 16th World Congress on Osteoarthritis | San Diego, United States |
| 2010 | 15th World Congress on Osteoarthritis | Brussels, Belgium |
| 2009 | 14th World Congress on Osteoarthritis | Montreal, Canada |
| 2008 | 13th World Congress on Osteoarthritis | Rome, Italy |
| 2007 | 12th World Congress on Osteoarthritis | Fort Lauderdale, United States |
| 2006 | 11th World Congress on Osteoarthritis | Prague, Czech Republic |
| 2005 | 10th World Congress on Osteoarthritis | Boston, United States |
| 2004 | 9th World Congress on Osteoarthritis | Chicago, United States |
| 2003 | 8th World Congress on Osteoarthritis | Berlin, Germany |
| 2002 | 7th World Congress on Osteoarthritis | Sydney, Australia |
| 2001 | 6th World Congress on Osteoarthritis | Washington, DC, United States |
| 2000 | 5th World Congress on Osteoarthritis | Barcelona, Spain |
| 1999 | 4th World Congress on Osteoarthritis | Vienna, Austria |
| 1997 | 3rd International Osteoarthritis Research Society Congress | Singapore, Singapore |
| 1994 | 2nd International Osteoarthritis Research Society Congress | Orlando, United States |
| 1992 | 1st International Congress of the Osteoarthritis Research Society | Paris, France |
Cartilage is a resilient and smooth elastic tissue, rubber-like padding that covers and protects the ends of long bones at the joints and nerves, and is a structural component of the rib cage, the ear, the nose, the bronchial tubes, the intervertebral discs, and many other body components. It is not as hard and rigid as bone, but it is much stiffer and much less flexible than muscle. The matrix of cartilage is made up of glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans, collagen fibers and, sometimes, elastin.
Chondroitin sulfate is a sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG) composed of a chain of alternating sugars. It is usually found attached to proteins as part of a proteoglycan. A chondroitin chain can have over 100 individual sugars, each of which can be sulfated in variable positions and quantities. Chondroitin sulfate is an important structural component of cartilage, and provides much of its resistance to compression. Along with glucosamine, chondroitin sulfate has become a widely used dietary supplement for treatment of osteoarthritis, although large clinical trials failed to demonstrate any symptomatic benefit of chondroitin.
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a type of degenerative joint disease that results from breakdown of joint cartilage and underlying bone. The most common symptoms are joint pain and stiffness. Usually the symptoms progress slowly over years. Initially they may occur only after exercise but can become constant over time. Other symptoms may include joint swelling, decreased range of motion, and, when the back is affected, weakness or numbness of the arms and legs. The most commonly involved joints are the two near the ends of the fingers and the joint at the base of the thumbs; the knee and hip joints; and the joints of the neck and lower back. Joints on one side of the body are often more affected than those on the other. The symptoms can interfere with work and normal daily activities. Unlike some other types of arthritis, only the joints, not internal organs, are affected.
An osteotomy is a surgical operation whereby a bone is cut to shorten or lengthen it or to change its alignment. It is sometimes performed to correct a hallux valgus, or to straighten a bone that has healed crookedly following a fracture. It is also used to correct a coxa vara, genu valgum, and genu varum. The operation is done under a general anaesthetic.
Glucosamine (C6H13NO5) is an amino sugar and a prominent precursor in the biochemical synthesis of glycosylated proteins and lipids. Glucosamine is part of the structure of two polysaccharides, chitosan and chitin. Glucosamine is one of the most abundant monosaccharides. Produced commercially by the hydrolysis of shellfish exoskeletons or, less commonly, by fermentation of a grain such as corn or wheat, glucosamine has many names depending on country.
A chondroitin is a chondrin derivative.
Hyaline cartilage is the glass-like (hyaline) but translucent cartilage found on many joint surfaces. It is also most commonly found in the ribs, nose, larynx, and trachea. Hyaline cartilage is pearl-grey in color, with a firm consistency and has a considerable amount of collagen. It contains no nerves or blood vessels, and its structure is relatively simple.
In medicine, a joint injection is a procedure used in the treatment of inflammatory joint conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, gout, tendinitis, bursitis, Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, and occasionally osteoarthritis. A hypodermic needle is injected into the affected joint where it delivers a dose of any one of many anti-inflammatory agents, the most common of which are corticosteroids. Hyaluronic acid, because of its high viscosity, is sometimes used to replace bursa fluids. The technique may be used to also withdraw excess fluid from the joint.
Chondropathy refers to a disease of the cartilage. It is frequently divided into 5 grades, with 0-2 defined as normal and 3-4 defined as diseased.
Articular cartilage, most notably that which is found in the knee joint, is generally characterized by very low friction, high wear resistance, and poor regenerative qualities. It is responsible for much of the compressive resistance and load bearing qualities of the knee joint and, without it, walking is painful to impossible. Osteoarthritis is a common condition of cartilage failure that can lead to limited range of motion, bone damage and invariably, pain. Due to a combination of acute stress and chronic fatigue, osteoarthritis directly manifests itself in a wearing away of the articular surface and, in extreme cases, bone can be exposed in the joint. Some additional examples of cartilage failure mechanisms include cellular matrix linkage rupture, chondrocyte protein synthesis inhibition, and chondrocyte apoptosis. There are several different repair options available for cartilage damage or failure.
Proteoglycan 4 or lubricin is a proteoglycan that in humans is encoded by the PRG4 gene. It acts as a joint/boundary lubricant.
Cartilage structures and functions can be damaged. Such damage can result from a variety of causes, such as a bad fall or traumatic sport-accident, previous knee injuries or wear and tear over time. Immobilization for long periods can also result in cartilage damage.
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage is monthly peer-reviewed medical journal covering research in orthopedics and rheumatology. It is an official journal of the Osteoarthritis Research Society International, published on their behalf by Elsevier.
Gene therapy is being studied as a treatment for osteoarthritis (OA). Unlike pharmacological treatments which are administered systemically, gene therapy aims to establish sustained, synthesis of gene products and tissue rehabilitation within the joint.
Sprifermin (INN), also known as recombinant human fibroblast growth factor 18 (rhFGF18), is a recombinant form of human fibroblast growth factor 18 (FGF18) which is under development by Merck and Nordic Bioscience for the treatment of osteoarthritis. As a recombinant form of FGF18, sprifermin is a potent agonist of the FGFR2 and FGFR3.
There is a history of clinical research done on glycosaminoglycans, especially glucosamine and chondroitin, for the treatment of arthritis. Since glucosamine is a precursor for glycosaminoglycans, and glycosaminoglycans are major components of cartilage, ingesting glucosamine might nourish joints, and thereby alleviate arthritis symptoms.
Amanda Jane Fosang is a biomedical researcher who has pioneered arthritis research in Australia.
Post-traumatic arthritis (PTA) is a form of osteoarthritis following an injury to a joint.
Raju Vaishya is an Indian researcher with contributions in the field of orthopaedics. He is former President and founder member of Indian Cartilage Society (2018–19) and Founder President of Arthritis Care Foundation. He has established a center for Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation (ACI) at Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, New Delhi, India. Instrumental (PSI) in starting the first cartilage club in Delhi, to enhance the awareness about the cartilage science and regenerative treatments used in Orthopaedics. He has the credit of doing the first preplan patient specific instruments (PSI) total knee arthroplasty, in Northern India in May 2013.
A disease-modifying osteoarthritis drug (DMOAD) is a drug that would inhibit or even reverse the progression of osteoarthritis. Since the main hallmark of osteoarthritis is cartilage loss, a typical DMOAD would prevent the loss of cartilage and potentially regenerate it. Other DMOADs may attempt to help repair adjacent tissues by reducing inflammation. A successful DMOAD would be expected to show an improvement in patient pain and function with an improvement of the health of the joint tissues.
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