The Assyrian Church of the East, sometimes called Church of the East, officially the Apostolic Catholic Assyrian Church of the East, is an Eastern Christian church that follows the traditional Christology and ecclesiology of the historical Church of the East. It belongs to the eastern branch of Syriac Christianity, and employs the Divine Liturgy of Saints Addai and Mari belonging to the East Syriac Rite. Its main liturgical language is Classical Syriac, a dialect of Eastern Aramaic, and the majority of its adherents are ethnic Assyrians.
Mar Shimun XIX Benyamin served as the 117th Catholicos-Patriarch of the Church of the East.
Qudshanis or Kochanes, is a small village in Hakkâri Province, Turkey. The village is situated about 20 km (12 mi) northeast of the provincial capital Hakkâri in the southeastern corner of Turkey, near the borders of Iran and Iraq, in the Upper Barwari region. In 2018, the population was 19.
Mar Dinkha IV, born Dinkha Khanania was an Eastern Christian prelate who served as the 120th Catholicos-Patriarch of the Assyrian Church of the East. He was born in the village of Darbandokeh (Derbendoki), Iraq and led the Church in exile in Chicago for most of his life.
The Ancient Church of the East is an Eastern Christian denomination, of the East Syriac Rite. It branched from the Assyrian Church of the East in 1964, under the leadership of mar Thoma Darmo. It is one of several Assyrian churches that claim continuity with the historical Church of the East. The Ancient Church of the East is headquartered in Baghdad, Iraq. Since 1972, it is headed by Catholicos-Patriarch Addai II.
Petros Elia of Baz, better known as Agha Petros, was an Assyrian military leader during World War I.
The Nochiya are an Assyrian tribe that were based in and around the district of Şemdinli, in the province of Hakkari, Turkey.
Hakkari, was a historical mountainous region lying to the south of Lake Van, encompassing parts of the modern provinces of Hakkâri, Şırnak, Van in Turkey and Dohuk in Iraq. During the late Ottoman Empire it was a sanjak within the old Vilayet of Van.
Lady Surma D'Bait Mar Shimun was the sister of the Catholics Patriarch of the Assyrian Church of the East and leader of the Assyrians, Mar Shimun XIX Benyamin.
Simko Shikak was a Kurdish chieftain of the Shekak tribe. He was born into a prominent Kurdish feudal family based in Chihriq castle located near the Baranduz river in the Urmia region of northwestern Iran. By 1920, parts of Iranian Azerbaijan located west of Lake Urmia were under his control. He led Kurdish farmers into battle and defeated the Iranian army on several occasions. The Iranian government had him assassinated in 1930. Simko took part in the massacre of the Assyrians of Khoy and instigated the massacre of 1,000 Assyrians in Salmas.
Dağlıca is a village in Hakkâri Province in southeastern Turkey. It is located by the river Oramar, a tributary of the Great Zab, in the district of Yüksekova and the historical region of Hakkari.
Mar Shimun XX Paulos served as the 118th Catholicos-Patriarch of the Assyrian Church of the East.
The Assyrian independence movement is a political movement and ethno-nationalist desire of the Assyrian people to live in their traditional Assyrian homeland under the self-governance of an Assyrian State.
Prior to World War I, the Tkhuma were one of five principal and semi-independent Assyrian Tribes subject to the spiritual and temporal jurisdiction of the Assyrian Patriarch with the title Mar Shimun. The Assyrians claimed the status of a firman of protection from the Arab Caliphate and of an Ottoman millet to preserve their customs and traditions along with the tribes of Jelu, Baz, Tyari, and Deez/Diz, "forming the highest authority under His Holiness Mar Shimun, the patriarch." The Tkhuma Tribe is a tribe of Assyrians that lived in upper Mesopotamia until 1915, when they were dispersed into Persia, Iraq, and Syria during the Assyrian genocide. In 1915, the representative of the Assyrian Patriarch Mar Shimun XX Paulos wrote that the Tkhuma of "many Christian villages" had "been entirely destroyed." A journalist of Ottoman Turkey wrote that: "The people of Tkhuma put up a great defense on September 27th and 28th [1915]. But while they were building trenches for themselves the Kurds were destroying them with guns. The Turks destroyed ... Inner Tkhuma and many other places.". In 1933, Malik Loco, the chief of the Tkhuma Tribe, went with the chief of the Tiyari tribe and 700 armed Assyrians into Syria, at the outset of the Simele massacre. The League of Nations took responsibility for the resettlement of the Tkhuma Assyrians, reporting in 1937 that 2,350 Tkhuma had been settled in three villages in Syria.
Tyari is an Assyrian tribe and a historical district within Hakkari, Turkey. The area was traditionally divided into Upper and Lower Tyari –each consisting of several Assyrian villages. Both Upper and Lower Tyari are located on the western bank of the Zab river. Today, the district mostly sits in around the town of Çukurca. Historically, the largest village of the region was known as Ashitha. According to Hannibal Travis the Tyari Assyrians were known for their skills in weaving and knitting.
William Ainger Wigram was an English Church of England priest and author, notable for his work with and writings on the Assyrian Church of the East.
Yahballaha I was bishop of Seleucia-Ctesiphon, grand metropolitan and primate of the Church of the East from 415 to 420. He is included in the traditional list of patriarchs of the Church of the East.
Mar Eshai Shimun XXIII, sometimes known as Mar Eshai Shimun XXI, Mar Shimun XXIII Ishaya, Mar Shimun Ishai, or Simon Jesse, served as the 119th Catholicos-Patriarch of the Assyrian Church of the East from 1920, when he was a youth, until his murder on 6 November 1975.
The Assyrian Tragedy is a book documenting the national struggle of the Assyrian nation prior, during and after World War I. Originally published anonymously, the author of the book was posthumously attributed to Mar Eshai Shimun XXIII, a Cambridge University graduate and Patriarch of the Assyrian Church of the East.
The Assyrian volunteers was an ethnic Assyrian military force during WW1, led mainly by General Agha Petros Elia of Baz and several tribal leaders known as Maliks under the spiritual leadership of the Catholicos-Patriarch Mar Shimun Benyamin allied with the Entente Powers described by the English pastor and author William A. Wigram as Our Smallest Ally.
