PC1 cipher

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The PC1 cipher, also called the Kindle cipher or Pukall cipher 1, is a block cipher introduced in 1991. It is most prominently used by Amazon, Inc., for their Kindle e-book reader's DRM system. [1]

Contents

History

The PC1 cipher was designed by Alexander Pukall in 1991. [2] [3]

Successors

Caracachs Cipher formerly known as PC3 Cipher was released in 2000. [4] This algorithm was used by the North Korean hacker group Lazarus Group. [5]

PC4 was released in 2015. It's a block cipher specifically designed for DMR radio communication systems. It uses 253 rounds and the key size can vary from 8 bits to 2112 bits. The block size is 49 bits, the exact size of an AMBE+ DMR voiceframe. [6]

References

  1. ↑ Gregor Leander. "Lightweight Block Cipher Design. 2014.
  2. ↑ Alex Biryukov, Gaëtan Leurent, Arnab Roy. 'Cryptanalysis of the “Kindle” Cipher'. [ permanent dead link ] 2012.
  3. ↑ Lars R. Knudsen, Huapeng Wu. "Selected Areas in Cryptography" 2012. p. 86.
  4. ↑ "PC3 encryption cipher". Alexander Pukall Web Page. 2000.
  5. ↑ "Operation Blockbuster (page 28)" (PDF). United States Naval Academy. 2018.
  6. ↑ "PC4 DMR encryption cipher". Alexander Pukall Web Page. 2015.
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