PCR or pcr may refer to:
The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a method widely used to make millions to billions of copies of a specific DNA sample rapidly, allowing scientists to amplify a very small sample of DNA sufficiently to enable detailed study. PCR was invented in 1983 by American biochemist Kary Mullis at Cetus Corporation. Mullis and biochemist Michael Smith, who had developed other essential ways of manipulating DNA, were jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1993.
PC or pc may refer to:
PCP may refer to:
PCS may refer to:
PCA may refer to:
PCB may refer to:
PCE may stand for:
PCC may refer to:
PCU can refer to:
RPA may refer to:
Revolutionary Communist Party is a communist political party in Spain. PCR was formed through a split in PCPE. PCR published La Forja until 2006. Since then the party has largely ceased its public activities. The PCR is an orthodox Maoist organization, being highly critical of the other communist parties of Spain, especially of the importance those parties give to Republicanist positions. The PCR has been linked with the Anti-imperialist Movement.
The Revolutionary Communist Party was a Chilean clandestine communist party of Maoist ideology founded in 1966 from a split in the Communist Party of Chile (PCCH). During the Popular Unity government, he adopted a critical stance towards the government of Salvador Allende. In 1972 the party faced an internal discussion over differences in revolutionary strategy, between those who defended the "people's war" (Maoists) and those who promoted the "mass insurrection" (Marxist-Leninists), causing the party to split into two factions, both disappearing in the early 1980s.
Revolutionary Communist Party – Red Trench was a communist party in Peru. PCR-TR was formed in 1977, through a split in the PCR. PCR-TR was led by Agustín Haya de la Torre and Jorge Nieto.
Revolutionary Communist Party was a communist party in Peru. PCR was formed in 1974, through a split in the Revolutionary Vanguard. PCR was founded by Manuel Danmert, Agustín Haya and Santiago Pedraglio.
LCR may refer to:
PCCC may refer to:
Partido Comunista Revolucionario may refer to:
The Revolutionary Communist Party is a Marxist–Leninist–Maoist political party in Argentina.
The Revolutionary Communist Party is an anti-revisionist Marxist-Leninist communist party in Brazil with strong Stalinist tendencies. Originally formed in 1966 after a split with the Communist Party of Brazil, it later merged with the October 8th Revolutionary Movement in 1981, from which it split in 1995. It is a member of the International Conference of Marxist-Leninist Parties and Organizations (ICMLPO), an organization of anti-revisionist and Hoxhaist parties. As the party is not registered in Brazil's Superior Electoral Court, its members cannot run for public office.
Hot start PCR is a modified form of conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) that reduces the presence of undesired products and primer dimers due to non-specific DNA amplification at room temperatures. Many variations and modifications of the PCR procedure have been developed in order to achieve higher yields; hot start PCR is one of them. Hot start PCR follows the same principles as the conventional PCR - in that it uses DNA polymerase to synthesise DNA from a single stranded template. However, it utilizes additional heating and separation methods, such as inactivating or inhibiting the binding of Taq polymerase and late addition of Taq polymerase, to increase product yield as well as provide a higher specificity and sensitivity. Non-specific binding and priming or formation of primer dimers are minimized by completing the reaction mix after denaturation. Some ways to complete reaction mixes at high temperatures involve modifications that block DNA polymerase activity in low temperatures, use of modified deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates (dNTPs), and the physical addition of one of the essential reagents after denaturation.