Patrick D. Duddy | |
|---|---|
 | |
| United States Ambassador to Venezuela | |
| In office October 29, 2007 [1] –July 16, 2010 | |
| President | George W. Bush Barack Obama |
| Preceded by | William Brownfield |
| Succeeded by | Phil Laidlaw,Chargéd'Affaires a.i. |
| Personal details | |
| Nationality | American |
Patrick Dennis Duddy is an American diplomat,formerly United States Ambassador to Venezuela. [2]
He served from August 6,2007,to September 11,2008,during the Bush administration,was expelled by Venezuelan President Hugo Chávez,and eight months later was returned as ambassador by the Obama administration. He replaced William Brownfield,who also was the subject of repeated threats of expulsion from Chávez before leaving to become ambassador to Colombia. [3]
Duddy served for just over a year before being expelled by Chavez,who claimed to have uncovered an American-led plot to overthrow him. [4] The action took place after,and partially as a result of,a dispute between the United States and Bolivian president Evo Morales;Chávez expressed support for Morales. [4] The embassy was run by John Caulfield as Chargéd'Affaires in the interim. [5] In March 2008 Duddy had requested funding from the United States Agency for International Development and the United States Department of Defense "to influence the information environment within Venezuela". [6] [ better source needed ] [7]
He returned on July 1,2009,when the Obama administration restored diplomatic relations with Venezuela. [8] He finished his assignment on July 16,2010. President Obama nominated Larry Palmer as his replacement. However,the Senate did not confirm him and Hugo Chávez refused to accept him as ambassador,leaving the position vacant. [9] Duddy currently serves as a diplomat in residence at Duke University's Center for International Studies. Duddy attended undergraduate at Colby College,graduating in 1972.
The foreign relations of Venezuela had since the early twentieth century been particularly strong with the United States. However,since the election of Hugo Chávez as President of Venezuela in 1998,Venezuela's foreign policy differed substantially from that of previous Venezuelan governments. This change in foreign policy direction continues under the current president Nicolás Maduro.
United States–Venezuela relations have traditionally been characterized by an important trade and investment relationship as well as cooperation in combating the production and transit of illegal drugs.
The foreign policy of the Hugo Chávez administration concerns the policy initiatives made by Venezuela under its former President,Hugo Chávez,towards other states. Chávez's foreign policy may be roughly divided into that concerned with United States-Venezuela relations and that concerned with Venezuela's relations with other states,particularly those in Latin America and developing countries on other continents. In many respects the policies of the Chávez government were substantially different from the previous administrations that governed Venezuela.
Larry Leon Palmer was an American former diplomat who served as the United States Ambassador to Barbados and the Eastern Caribbean from 2012 to 2015. He was the United States Ambassador to Honduras from 2002 to 2005. He also served as the President of the Inter-American Foundation from 2005 to June 2010.
Bernardo Álvarez Herrera was Venezuela's ambassador to the United States from 2003 to 2010 and Deputy Minister of Foreign Relations.
Israeli–Venezuelan relations refer to foreign relations between Israel and Venezuela. Both countries have no formal relations since 2009. Canada serves as Israel's protecting power in Venezuela through its embassy in Caracas,while Spain serves as Venezuela's protecting power in Israel through its embassy in Tel Aviv.
Colombia–Venezuela relations refers to the diplomatic relations between the South American neighboring countries of Colombia and Venezuela. The relationship has developed since the early 16th century,when Spanish colonizers created the Province of Santa Marta and the Province of New Andalucia. The countries have a share history of achieving their independence under Simón Bolívar and becoming one nation—the Gran Colombia—which dissolved in the 19th century. Since then,the overall relationship between the two countries has oscillated between cooperation and bilateral struggle.
Bolivia–United States relations were established in 1837 with the first ambassadorial visit from the United States to Peru–Bolivian Confederation. The Confederation dissolved in 1839,and bilateral relations did not occur until 1848 when the United States recognized Bolivia as a sovereign state and appointed John Appleton as the Chargéd'Affaires.
The 2008 Andean diplomatic crisis was a diplomatic stand-off involving the South American countries of Ecuador,Colombia and Venezuela. It began with an incursion into Ecuadorian territory across the Putumayo River by the Colombian military on March 1,2008,leading to the deaths of over twenty militants,including Raúl Reyes and sixteen other members of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC). This incursion led to increased tension between Colombia and Ecuador and the movement of Venezuelan and Ecuadorian troops to their borders with Colombia.
The 2008 Bolivian political crisis saw protests against President Evo Morales and calls for greater autonomy for the country's eastern departments. Demonstrators escalated the protests by seizing natural gas infrastructure and government buildings. In response,supporters of the national government and its reform of the constitution,mobilized across these regions.
The foreign policy of the Evo Morales administration concerns the policy initiatives made towards other states by the former President of Bolivia,in difference to past,or future,Bolivian foreign policy. Morales' foreign policy can be roughly divided between that of the Americas and the rest of the world.
The foreign policy of the Rafael Correa administration (2007-2017) was the policy initiatives towards other states by the former President of Ecuador,as differed to past,or future,Ecuadorian foreign policy. Correa's foreign policy was somewhat similar to that of the other leaders of the Bolivarian Alternative for the Americas (ALBA) such as Hugo Chavez and Evo Morales. This entailed a rough division between relations with other states of the Americas and the rest of the world.
The 2010 Colombia–Venezuela diplomatic crisis was a diplomatic stand-off between Colombia and Venezuela over allegations in July by Colombian President Álvaro Uribe that the Venezuelan government was actively permitting the FARC and ELN guerrillas to seek safe haven in its territory. The Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC),founded in 1964,is the largest of Colombia's left-wing guerilla groups,and the National Liberation Army (ELN),also founded in 1964,is another left-wing guerilla group inspired by the Cuban revolution and Marxist ideology. Uribe presented evidence to the Organization of American States (OAS) and in response,Venezuela broke off diplomatic relations with Colombia amid speculation of a possible war. Both countries eventually reconciled,with the help of the Union of South American nations (UNASUR) and agreed to re-establish diplomatic relations by mid-August.
Under the rule of President Hugo Chávez who was elected President of Venezuela in 1998,relations between Israel and Venezuela rapidly deteriorated as Venezuela strongly supported the rights of the Palestinians and condemned Israeli actions,twice expelling the Israeli ambassador from Venezuela. Venezuela officially recognized the State of Palestine and established diplomatic relations with the Palestinian Authority on 27 April 2009.
Contents of the United States diplomatic cables leak depict subjects in the Americas extensively. The leaks,which began on 28 November 2010,occurred when the website of WikiLeaks—an international new media non-profit organisation that publishes submissions of otherwise unavailable documents from anonymous news sources and news leaks—started to publish classified documents of detailed correspondence —diplomatic cables —between the United States Department of State and its diplomatic missions around the world. Since the initial release date,WikiLeaks released further documents every day.
Antisemitism in Venezuela has occurred throughout the history of the Jews in Venezuela. However,under the presidencies of both Hugo Chávez and Nicolás Maduro,allegations of antisemitism grew following actions and statements by the Venezuelan government,while also occurring in public incidents. The Bolivarian government would also use the words of "Jewish" and "Zionist" interchangeably in order to avoid accusations of antisemitism.
The Embassy of the United States in Caracas is a United States embassy that represents the United States in Caracas,Venezuela. The embassy provides assistance to American citizens and residents who live in Venezuela and issues visas to foreign nationals,who are Venezuelan and legal residents in Venezuela,who wish to visit or immigrate to the United States.
John Patrick Caulfield is the former Chief of the U.S. Interests Section in Cuba,a position he held from September 2011 to July 2014. Caulfield now works as an independent consultant and an advisor to the Innovadores Foundation.
Bolivia-Venezuela Relations are the existing bilateral relations between the Plurinational State of Bolivia and the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela. Both nations established their diplomatic relations on 14 September 1883,during the government of the President of Bolivia Narciso Campero Leyes and the government of the President of Venezuela Antonio Guzmán Blanco.