Patterns of Evidence

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Patterns of Evidence
Patterns of Evidence Exodus poster.jpg
Patterns of Evidence: Exodus theatrical release poster
Directed byTim Mahoney
Written byTim Mahoney
Steve Law
Produced byKevin O'Neill
Narrated by Kevin Sorbo
Cinematography Ramy Romany
Production
company
Thinking Man Films
Distributed byThinking Man Films
Fathom Events [1]
Release dates
Patterns of Evidence: Exodus, 2015
Patterns of Evidence: The Moses Controversy, 2019
Patterns of Evidence: The Red Sea Miracle, 2020
CountryUnited States
LanguageEnglish
Box officePatterns of Evidence: Exodus, $925,576 [2]

Patterns of Evidence is a film series directed by Tim Mahoney and part of the independent Christian film industry. The films advocate for Mahoney's views on biblical chronology, which he contrasts with mainstream scholarly opinion.

Contents

Patterns of Evidence: Exodus

Patterns of Evidence: Exodus is a 2014 documentary film directed by Tim Mahoney. [3] The film presents the view that the biblical story of the Exodus of the Hebrew slaves from Egypt was an historical event that took place during the Middle Kingdom of Egypt. To the extent that other scholars consider the Exodus a historical event, it is usually placed later, during the New Kingdom of Egypt. It was released at the Pan Pacific Film Festival in July 2014, and in theaters by Thinking Man Film on January 19, 2015.

The film describes various findings Mahoney presents as supporting his case. These include possible archaeological findings of evidence of Hebrew habitation in ancient Egypt, findings as to the timeline of the events of Exodus, and contemporary events in ancient Egypt. It also describes existing artifacts and documents from Ancient Egypt which experts have long debated. [4] [5] [6]

The film is somewhat—but not entirely—based on David Rohl's New Chronology which contradicts mainstream Egyptology. [7]

The film features interviews with archaeologists, historians, and biblical scholars. [8]

Patterns of Evidence: The Moses Controversy

Patterns of Evidence: The Moses Controversy is a 2019 documentary film directed by Tim Mahoney and sequel to Patterns of Evidence: Exodus. It examines whether Moses directly wrote the events of the Exodus as an eye-witness account, and largely advocates for the traditional Mosaic authorship view that the "Five Books of Moses" (Pentateuch) were directly written by Moses himself, with the exceptions of the parts that describe Moses's death. [9] This is contrasted with the evidence most biblical scholars use that shows that the Torah seems to appear in history in the 7th century BC at the earliest, centuries after the death of Moses, and other indications that the books were a compendium of stories from multiple authors (see documentary hypothesis and supplementary hypothesis). Patterns of Evidence: The Moses Controversy was released in theaters on March 14, 2019, and has grossed $765,361 in the US as of March 24. [10]

Mahoney’s method of film-making is pretty straight forward. Gather together an ensemble cast of legitimate scholars, then lionize some fringe loon on the outskirts of the academic radar. [11]

David A. Falk, The Moses Controversy: More So-called Patterns of “Evidence”

Patterns of Evidence: The Red Sea Miracle

Patterns of Evidence: The Red Sea Miracle is a 2020 documentary film in two parts, directed by Tim Mahoney and sequel to Patterns of Evidence: The Moses Controversy. It explores the viewpoints of modern-day scholarship regarding the parting of the Red Sea in the Book of Exodus. [12] Based on his interviews with numerous scholars and religious thinkers (including Barry J. Beitzel, Manfred Bietak, Hershel Shanks, Manis Friedman, and Glen Fritz), [13] Mahoney presents two models of thought for the event: the "Egyptian model" (smaller scale) and the "Hebrew model" (larger scale). [12] [14] [15] Patterns Of Evidence: The Red Sea Miracle was released in theaters on February 18, 2020, and has grossed $696,191 in the US as of May 11. [16]

Filmography

See also

Related Research Articles

The Book of Exodus is the second book of the Bible. It is a narrative of the Exodus, the origin myth of the Israelites leaving slavery in Biblical Egypt through the strength of their deity named Yahweh, who according to the story chose them as his people. The Israelites then journey with the legendary prophet Moses to Mount Sinai, where Yahweh gives the 10 commandments and they enter into a covenant with Yahweh, who promises to make them a "holy nation, and a kingdom of priests" on condition of their faithfulness. He gives them their laws and instructions to build the Tabernacle, the means by which he will come from heaven and dwell with them and lead them in a holy war to conquer Canaan, which has earlier, according to the myth of Genesis, been promised to the "seed" of Abraham, the legendary patriarch of the Israelites.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Moses</span> Abrahamic prophet

Moses was a Hebrew prophet, teacher and leader, according to Abrahamic tradition. He is considered the most important prophet in Judaism and Samaritanism, and one of the most important prophets in Christianity, Islam, the Baháʼí Faith, and other Abrahamic religions. According to both the Bible and the Quran, Moses was the leader of the Israelites and lawgiver to whom the prophetic authorship of the Torah is attributed.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Crossing the Red Sea</span> Part of the biblical narrative of the Exodus

The Crossing of the Red Sea or Parting of the Red Sea is an episode in the origin myth of The Exodus in the Hebrew Bible.

<i>The Ten Commandments</i> (1956 film) Film by Cecil B. DeMille

The Ten Commandments is a 1956 American epic religious drama film produced, directed, and narrated by Cecil B. DeMille, shot in VistaVision, and released by Paramount Pictures. The film is based on the 1949 novel Prince of Egypt by Dorothy Clarke Wilson, the 1859 novel Pillar of Fire by J. H. Ingraham, the 1937 novel On Eagle's Wings by A. E. Southon, and the Book of Exodus, found in the Bible. The Ten Commandments dramatizes the biblical story of the life of Moses, an adopted Egyptian prince who becomes the deliverer of his real brethren, the enslaved Hebrews, and thereafter leads the Exodus to Mount Sinai, where he receives, from God, the Ten Commandments. The film stars Charlton Heston in the lead role, Yul Brynner as Rameses, Anne Baxter as Nefretiri, Edward G. Robinson as Dathan, Yvonne De Carlo as Zipporah, Debra Paget as Lilia, and John Derek as Joshua; and features Sir Cedric Hardwicke as Seti I, Nina Foch as Bithiah, Martha Scott as Yochabel, Judith Anderson as Memnet, and Vincent Price as Baka, among others.

The historicity of the Bible is the question of the Bible's relationship to history—covering not just the Bible's acceptability as history but also the ability to understand the literary forms of biblical narrative. One can extend biblical historicity to the evaluation of whether or not the Christian New Testament is an accurate record of the historical Jesus and of the Apostolic Age. This tends to vary depending upon the opinion of the scholar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jochebed</span> Mother of Aaron, Miriam, and Moses in the Bible

According to the Bible, Jochebed was a daughter of Levi and mother of Miriam, Aaron and Moses. She was the wife of Amram, as well as his aunt. No details are given concerning her life. According to Jewish legend, she is buried in the Tomb of the Matriarchs, in Tiberias. In the New Testament, she is praised for her faith in God.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Burning bush</span> Supernatural phenomenon described by Exodus 3:1–4:17

The burning bush refers to an event recorded in the Jewish Torah. It is described in the third chapter of the Book of Exodus as having occurred on Mount Horeb. According to the biblical account, the bush was on fire but was not consumed by the flames, hence the name. In the biblical narrative, the burning bush is the location at which Moses was appointed by Yahweh to lead the Israelites out of Egypt and into Canaan.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Plagues of Egypt</span> Ten disasters inflicted by God on Egypt in the story of the Exodus

The Plagues of Egypt, in the account of the Book of Exodus, are ten disasters inflicted on biblical Egypt by the God of Israel (Yahweh) in order to convince the Pharaoh to emancipate the enslaved Israelites, each of them confronting Pharaoh and one of his Egyptian gods; they serve as "signs and marvels" given by God to answer Pharaoh's taunt that he does not know Yahweh: "The Egyptians shall know that I am the LORD". The Ten Plagues are recited during the Passover Seder.

"Simpsons Bible Stories" is the eighteenth episode of the tenth season of the American animated television series The Simpsons. It first aired on Fox in the United States on Easter Sunday, April 4, 1999. It is the first of The Simpsons' now annual trilogy episodes, and consists of four self-contained segments. In the episode, the Simpson family falls asleep during a sermon in church. Marge dreams that she and Homer are Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden, Lisa dreams that she and her fellow Springfield Elementary School students are Hebrew slaves in Ancient Egypt and guides Moses to lead them to freedom, Homer dreams that he is King Solomon called to resolve a dispute between Lenny and Carl over the ownership of a pie, and Bart dreams he is King David, who has to fight Goliath's son, Goliath II.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The Exodus</span> Founding myth of the Jewish people

The Exodus is the founding myth of the Israelites whose narrative is spread over four of the five books of the Pentateuch.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Song of the Sea</span> Poem in the Book of Exodus

The Song of the Sea is a poem that appears in the Book of Exodus of the Hebrew Bible, at Exodus 15:1–18. It is followed in verses 20 and 21 by a much shorter song sung by Miriam and the other women. The Song of the Sea was reputedly sung by the Israelites after their crossing the Red Sea in safety, and celebrates their freedom after generations of slavery and oppression by the Egyptians.

<i>Moses and Monotheism</i> 1939 book by Sigmund Freud

Moses and Monotheism is a 1939 book about the origins of monotheism written by Sigmund Freud, the founder of psychoanalysis. It is Freud's final original work and it was completed in the summer of 1939 when Freud was, effectively speaking, already "writing from his death-bed." It appeared in English translation the same year.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mount Sinai (Bible)</span> Mountain at which the Ten Commandments were given to Moses by God

Mount Sinai is the mountain at which the Ten Commandments were given to Moses by God, according to the Book of Exodus in the Hebrew Bible. In the Book of Deuteronomy, these events are described as having transpired at Mount Horeb. "Sinai" and "Horeb" are generally considered by scholars to refer to the same place.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mosaic covenant</span> Biblical covenant between God and the ancient Israelites

Abrahamic religions believe in the Mosaic covenant, also known as the Sinaitic covenant, which refers to a covenant between the Israelite tribes and their God, including their proselytes, not limited to the ten commandments, nor the event when they were given, but including the entirety of laws that their patriarch Moses delivered from God in the five books of Torah.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pharaoh's daughter (Exodus)</span> Adoptive mother of the prophet Moses

The Pharaoh's daughter in the story of the finding of Moses in the biblical Book of Exodus is an important, albeit minor, figure in Abrahamic religions. Though some variations of her story exist, the general consensus among Jews, Christians, and Muslims is that she is the adoptive mother of the prophet Moses. Muslims identify her with Asiya, the Great Royal Wife of the pharaoh. In either version, she saved Moses from certain death from both the Nile river and from the Pharaoh. As she ensured the well-being of Moses throughout his early life, she played an essential role in lifting the Hebrew slaves out of bondage in Egypt, their journey to the Promised Land, and the establishment of the Ten Commandments.

<i>The Ten Commandments</i> (2007 film) 2007 animated film

The Ten Commandments is a 2007 animated biblical fantasy film directed by John Stronach and Bill Boyce, and written by Ed Naha. The film follows Moses from his childhood, as the adopted grandson of Pharaoh, to his adulthood, as the chosen one of Yahweh and liberator of his people.

"The Bible's Buried Secrets" is a Nova program that first aired on PBS, on November 18, 2008. According to the program's official website: "The film presents the latest archaeological scholarship from the Holy Land to explore the beginnings of modern religion and the origins of the Hebrew Bible, also known as the Old Testament. This archaeological detective story tackles some of the biggest questions in biblical studies: Where did the ancient Israelites come from? Who wrote the Bible, when, and why? How did the worship of one God—the foundation of modern Judaism, Christianity, and Islam—emerge?"

<i>Exodus: Gods and Kings</i> 2014 film by Ridley Scott

Exodus: Gods and Kings is a 2014 biblical epic film directed and produced by Ridley Scott, and written by Adam Cooper, Bill Collage, Jeffrey Caine, and Steven Zaillian. The film stars Christian Bale, Joel Edgerton, John Turturro, Aaron Paul, Ben Mendelsohn, Sigourney Weaver, and Ben Kingsley. It is inspired by the biblical episode of the Exodus of the Hebrews from Egypt led by Moses and related in the Book of Exodus. Development on the film was first announced by Scott in June 2012. Filming occurred primarily in Spain beginning in October 2013, with additional filming at Pinewood Studios in England.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gary A. Rendsburg</span> American professor (born 1954)

Gary A. Rendsburg is a professor of biblical studies, Hebrew language, and ancient Judaism at Rutgers University in New Brunswick, New Jersey. He holds the rank of Distinguished Professor and serves as the Blanche and Irving Laurie Chair of Jewish History at Rutgers University (2004–present), with positions in the Department of Jewish Studies and the Department of History.

The Exodus is the founding myth of the Israelites. The scholarly consensus is that the Exodus, as described in the Torah, is not historical, even though there may be a historical core behind the Biblical narrative.

References

  1. "Patterns of Evidence: The Exodus". Fathom Events. Retrieved 2019-05-09.
  2. "Patterns of Evidence: The Exodus (2015)". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved September 22, 2016.
  3. Patterns of Evidence: Exodus review: New analysis puts pressure on science for truth, theglobaldispatch.com, 1/19/15.
  4. 'Patterns of Evidence' Film Puts Scripture to the Test, . cbn TV video report.
  5. Documentary Has Convincing New Evidence Clearly Matching the Exodus Stories, PolitiChicks.com, 12/26/14.
  6. Film Review: Patterns of Evidence: Exodus, by Darris McNeely, January 20, 2015.
  7. Digging Into The Exodus Story, by Steve Lipman,. Interview with Galit Dayan, 3/31/15.
  8. Official Cast List, November 20, 2015
  9. "New documentary examines controversy regarding authorship of Bible". The Laconia Daily Sun, Jan. 18, 2019.
  10. Patterns of Evidence: The Moses Controversy (2019). Box Office Mojo. Retrieved March 25, 2019.
  11. Falk, David A. (15 January 2019). "The Moses Controversy: More So-called Patterns of "Evidence"". Egypt and the Bible. Retrieved 28 October 2020.
  12. 1 2 "Patterns of Evidence: The Red Sea Miracle Part I". The Movie Guide 18 February 2020.
  13. Patterns of Evidence: The Red Sea Miracle (2020). Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
  14. Patterns of Evidence: The Red Sea Miracle. Dove.org. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
  15. New ‘Patterns of Evidence’ film examines biblical miracle: Parting of the Red Sea. Jeannie Law, Christian Post. February 13, 2020.
  16. Patterns of Evidence: The Red Sea Miracle (2020). Box Office Mojo. Retrieved May 11, 2020.