Pawan Diwan | |
---|---|
Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha | |
In office 1991–1998 | |
Preceded by | Vidya Charan Shukla |
Succeeded by | Chandra Shekhar Sahu |
Constituency | Mahasamund |
Member of Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly | |
In office 1977 –1980 | |
Preceded by | Shyama Charan Shukla |
Succeeded by | Jiwanlal Sahu |
Constituency | Rajim |
Personal details | |
Born | 1 January 1945 |
Political party | Indian National Congress |
Source: |
Pawan Diwan is an Indian politician. He was elected to the Lok Sabha as a member of the Indian National Congress. [1] [2] [3]
Indira Priyadarshini Gandhi was an Indian politician and stateswoman who served as the third prime minister of India from 1966 to 1977 and from 1980 until her assassination in 1984. She was India's first and,to date,only female prime minister and a central figure of the Indian National Congress. Gandhi was the daughter of Jawaharlal Nehru,the first prime minister of India,and the mother of Rajiv Gandhi,who succeeded her in office as the country's sixth prime minister. Furthermore,Gandhi's cumulative tenure of 15 years and 350 days makes her the second-longest-serving Indian prime minister after her father.
Jawaharlal Nehru was an Indian anti-colonial nationalist,secular humanist,social democrat,statesman and author who was a central figure in India during the middle of the 20th century. Nehru was a principal leader of the Indian nationalist movement in the 1930s and 1940s. Upon India's independence in 1947,he became the first Prime Minister of India,serving for 16 years. Nehru promoted parliamentary democracy,secularism,and science and technology during the 1950s,powerfully influencing India's arc as a modern nation. In international affairs,he successfully maintained India's neutrality throughout the Cold War. A well-regarded author,his books written in prison,such as Letters from a Father to His Daughter (1929),Glimpses of World History (1934),An Autobiography (1936),and The Discovery of India (1946),have been read around the world. The honorific Pandit has been commonly applied before his name.
Shiv Sena is a right-wing Marathi regionalist and Hindu nationalist political party in India founded in 1966 by Bal Thackeray. Shiv Sena's election symbol is the Bow and Arrow. It uses the saffron colour in its flag and a image of a roaring tiger.
The Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh is a Hindu nationalist paramilitary volunteer organisation in India. The RSS is the progenitor and leader of a large body of organisations called the Sangh Parivar,which have presence in all facets of the Indian society,including the Bharatiya Janata Party,the ruling political party in India under Narendra Modi,the incumbent Indian prime minister. The present Sarsanghchalak of the RSS is Mohan Bhagwat.
Lal Bahadur Shastri was an Indian politician and statesman who served as the 2nd Prime Minister of India from 1964 to 1966 and 6th Home Minister of India from 1961 to 1963. He promoted the White Revolution –a national campaign to increase the production and supply of milk –by supporting the Amul milk co-operative of Anand,Gujarat and creating the National Dairy Development Board. Underlining the need to boost India's food production,Shastri also promoted the Green Revolution in India in 1965. This led to an increase in food grain production,especially in the states of Punjab,Haryana and Uttar Pradesh.
The Bharatiya Janata Party is a political party in India,and one of the two major Indian political parties alongside the Indian National Congress. Since 2014,it has been the ruling political party in India under Narendra Modi,the incumbent Indian prime minister. The BJP is aligned with right-wing politics,and its policies adhere to Hindutva,a Hindu nationalist ideology. it has close ideological and organisational links to the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS). As of March 2023,it is the country's largest political party in terms of representation in the Parliament of India as well as state legislatures.
The Indian National Congress (INC),colloquially the Congress Party but often simply the Congress,is a political party in India with widespread roots. Founded in 1885,it was the first modern nationalist movement to emerge in the British Empire in Asia and Africa. From the late 19th century,and especially after 1920,under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi,the Congress became the principal leader of the Indian independence movement. The Congress led India to independence from the United Kingdom,and significantly influenced other anti-colonial nationalist movements in the British Empire.
The Khalistan movement is a separatist movement seeking to create a homeland for Sikhs by establishing a sovereign state called Khalistan in the Punjab region. The proposed boundaries of Khalistan vary between different groups;some suggest the entirety of Indian Punjab,while larger claims include Pakistani Punjab and other parts of North India such as Chandigarh,Haryana,and Himachal Pradesh. Shimla and Lahore have been proposed as capital of Khalistan.
Sonia Gandhi is an Indian politician of Italian origin. She is the longest serving president of the Indian National Congress,a social democratic political party,which has governed India for most of its post-independence history. She took over as the party leader in 1998,seven years after the assassination of Rajiv Gandhi,her husband and a former Prime Minister of India,and remained in office until 2017 after serving for twenty-two years. She returned to the post in 2019 and remained the President for another three years.
Rahul Gandhi is an Indian politician and a former member of the Indian Parliament,who represented the constituencies of Amethi,Uttar Pradesh and Wayanad,Kerala in the Lok Sabha. He is a member of the main opposition party,the Indian National Congress and was the party president from December 2017 to July 2019. He is the chairperson of the Indian Youth Congress,the National Students Union of India and a trustee of the Rajiv Gandhi Foundation and Rajiv Gandhi Charitable Trust. On 23 March 2023,he was convicted and sentenced to two years imprisonment by a court in Gujarat for a 2019 speech made against the Prime Minister Narendra Modi on defamation allegations related to his surname;the conviction resulted in his disqualification from the Parliament.
Vishwanath Pratap Singh,shortened to V. P. Singh,was an Indian politician who was the 7th Prime Minister of India from 1989 to 1990 and the 41st Raja Bahadur of Manda. He is India's only prime minister to have been former royalty.
Narendra Damodardas Modi is an Indian politician serving as the 14th and current prime minister of India since May 2014. Modi was the chief minister of Gujarat from 2001 to 2014 and is the Member of Parliament from Varanasi. He is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS),a right-wing Hindu nationalist paramilitary volunteer organisation. He is the longest serving prime minister from outside the Indian National Congress.
The Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 was a military confrontation between India and Pakistan that occurred during the Bangladesh Liberation War in East Pakistan from 3 December 1971 until the Pakistani capitulation in Dhaka on 16 December 1971. The war began with Pakistan's Operation Chengiz Khan,consisting of preemptive aerial strikes on 11 Indian air stations. The strikes led to India declaring war on Pakistan,marking their entry into the war for East Pakistan's independence,on the side of Bengali nationalist forces. India's entry expanded the existing conflict with Indian and Pakistani forces engaging on both the eastern and western fronts. Thirteen days after the war started,India achieved a clear upper hand,and the Eastern Command of the Pakistan military signed the instrument of surrender on 16 December 1971 in Dhaka,marking the formation of East Pakistan as the new nation of Bangladesh. Approximately 93,000 Pakistani servicemen were taken prisoner by the Indian Army,which included 79,676 to 81,000 uniformed personnel of the Pakistan Armed Forces,including some Bengali soldiers who had remained loyal to Pakistan. The remaining 10,324 to 12,500 prisoners were civilians,either family members of the military personnel or collaborators (Razakars).
Pranab MukherjeeBR was an Indian politician and statesman who served as the 13th president of India from 2012 until 2017. In a political career spanning five decades,Mukherjee was a senior leader in the Indian National Congress and occupied several ministerial portfolios in the Government of India. Prior to his election as President,Mukherjee was Union Finance Minister from 2009 to 2012. He was awarded India's highest civilian honour,the Bharat Ratna,in 2019,by his successor as president,Ram Nath Kovind.
Dalit,also previously known as untouchable,is the lowest stratum of the castes in India. Dalits were excluded from the four-fold varna system of Hinduism and were seen as forming a fifth varna,also known by the name of Panchama. Dalits now profess various religious beliefs,including Hinduism,Buddhism,Sikhism,Christianity,and Islam. Scheduled Castes is the official term for Dalits as per the Constitution of India.
Yogi Adityanath is an Indian Hindu monk and politician who is serving as the 21st and current Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh since 19 March 2017. A member of the Bharatiya Janata Party,Adityanath is known for being on the far right of Indian politics.
Rajnath Singh is an Indian politician and lecturer who is serving as the 29th Defence Minister of India since 2019. He is currently the Deputy Leader of the House,Lok Sabha since 2014. He is the 8th President of Bharatiya Janata Party from 2013 to 2014 and from 2005 to 2009. He has previously served as the 19th Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh from 2000 to 2002 and a Cabinet Minister for Road Transport and Highways in the Vajpayee Government from 1999 to 2000 and the minister of Agriculture from 2003 to 2004. He was the 30th Home Minister in the First Modi Ministry from 2014 to 2019. He is a veteran leader of the BJP who started his career as a RSS Swayamsevak. He is an advocate of the party's Hindutva ideology. He has also served the party in the Uttar Pradesh state from where he started his political career.He was the President of Bharatiya Janata Yuva Morcha from 1988 to 1990.He was a member of Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly from Haidergarh twice,being Chief minister.He was a member of Lok Sabha from Lucknow since 2014 and Ghaziabad from 2009 to 2014.He was also a member of Rajya Sabha from 2002 to 2008 and from 1994 to 2001.
Pamulaparthi Venkata Narasimha Rao,popularly known as P. V. Narasimha Rao,was an Indian lawyer,statesman and politician who served as the 9th prime minister of India from 1991 to 1996. He is known for introducing various liberal reforms to India's economy. His ascendancy to the prime ministership was politically significant because he was the second holder of this office from a non-Hindi-speaking region and the first from South India. He led an important administration,overseeing a major economic transformation and several home incidents affecting national security of India. Rao,who held the Industries portfolio,was personally responsible for the dismantling of the Licence Raj,as this came under the purview of the Ministry of Commerce and Industry,reversing the economic policies of Rajiv Gandhi's government.
The Citizenship (Amendment) Act,2019 (CAA) was passed by the Parliament of India on 11 December 2019. It amended the Citizenship Act,1955 by providing a pathway to Indian citizenship for religious minorities from Afghanistan,Bangladesh and Pakistan who are Hindus,Sikhs,Buddhists,Jains,Parsis or Christians,and arrived in India before the end of December 2014. The law does not grant such eligibility to Muslims from these countries. The act was the first time that religion had been overtly used as a criterion for citizenship under Indian law,and it attracted global criticism.