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The Zimbabwe Defence Forces (ZDF) are the military forces responsible for the defence of Zimbabwe against external threats from other countries,and also to suppress internal armed factions. It is composed of the Zimbabwe National Army (ZNA) and the Air Force of Zimbabwe (AFZ).. Since December 2017 the ZDF is headed by General Philip Valerio Sibanda.
The Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU) was a militant socialist organisation that fought against white-minority rule in Rhodesia,formed as a split from the Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU) in 1963. ZANU split in 1975 into wings loyal to Robert Mugabe and Ndabaningi Sithole,later respectively called ZANU–PF and ZANU–Ndonga. These two sub-divisions ran separately at the 1980 general election,where ZANU–PF has been in power ever since,and ZANU–Ndonga a minor opposition party.
Joshua Mqabuko Nyongolo Nkomo was a Zimbabwean revolutionary and politician who served as Vice-President of Zimbabwe from 1990 until his death in 1999. He founded and led the Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU) from 1961 until it merged in 1987 with Robert Mugabe's Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU) to form ZANU–PF after an internal military crackdown called Gukurahundi in western Zimbabwe,mostly on ethnic Ndebele ZAPU supporters.
The Rhodesian Bush War,also known as the Second Chimurenga as well as the Zimbabwean War of Independence,was a civil conflict from July 1964 to December 1979 in the unrecognised country of Rhodesia.
Squadron Leader Christopher John Taylor Dixon D.C.D.,also known by his callsign of Green Leader,was a Rhodesian military pilot for the Rhodesian Air Force and was born in Shabani,Southern Rhodesia. He was best known for leading the Rhodesian Operation Gatling bombing raid over Zambia,which later became known as the "Green Leader Raid".
The Zimbabwe National Army (ZNA) is the primary branch of the Zimbabwe Defence Forces responsible for land-oriented military operations. It is the largest service branch under the Zimbabwean Joint Operations Command (JOC). The modern army has its roots in the Rhodesian Army,which was raised between 1963 and 1964 after the breakup of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland. A Joint High Command created in March 1980 to oversee integration of the formerly belligerent Rhodesian Security Forces,Zimbabwe African National Liberation Army (ZANLA),and the Zimbabwe People's Revolutionary Army (ZIPRA) officially established the Zimbabwe National Army in late 1980,nearly a year after the end of the Rhodesian Bush War.
The Northern Ndebele people are a Nguni ethnic group native to Southern Africa. Significant populations of native speakers of the Northern Ndebele language (siNdebele) are found in Zimbabwe and as amaZulu in South Africa. They differ from Southern Ndebele people who speak isiNdebele of KwaNdebele.
Zimbabwe People's Revolutionary Army (ZIPRA) was the military wing of the Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU),a Marxist–Leninist political party in Rhodesia. It participated in the Rhodesian Bush War against white minority rule of Rhodesia. ZIPRA was formed during the 1960s by the nationalist leader Jason Moyo,the deputy of Joshua Nkomo.
Zimbabwe African National Liberation Army (ZANLA) was the military wing of the Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU),a militant African nationalist organisation that participated in the Rhodesian Bush War against white minority rule of Rhodesia.
Johannes "Joe" Modise was a South African political figure. He helped to found uMkhonto we Sizwe,the military wing of the African National Congress,and was its longest serving Commander in Chief,deputised at different points in time by Joe Slovo and Chris Hani. Modise headed MK for a 25-year period,from 1965 to 1990. He served as South Africa's first black Minister of Defence from 1994 to 1999 and led the formation of the post-independence defence force.
Marist Brothers Secondary School,Dete (MBSS),otherwise referred to as 'Marist Dete' is a co-educational (mixed) boarding secondary school Dete,in the Hwange district of Zimbabwe’s Matabeleland North Province. The school was established in 1972 and is part of the international family of Marist schools run by the Marist Brothers,a Catholic society founded in 1817 by Saint Marcellin Champagnat in France.
Lieutenant General George Peter Walls was a Rhodesian soldier. He served as the Head of the Armed Forces of Rhodesia during the Rhodesian Bush War from 1977 until his exile from the country in 1980.
Air Rhodesia Flight 825 was a scheduled passenger flight that was shot down by the Zimbabwe People's Revolutionary Army (ZIPRA) on 3 September 1978,during the Rhodesian Bush War. The aircraft involved,a Vickers Viscount named the Hunyani,was flying the last leg of Air Rhodesia's regular scheduled service from Victoria Falls to the capital Salisbury,via the resort town of Kariba.
The 1st Battalion,The Rhodesian Light Infantry,commonly the Rhodesian Light Infantry,was originally formed in 1961 as a regiment of the army of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland. Raised as a light infantry unit at Brady Barracks,Bulawayo in Southern Rhodesia,the Regiment served in the Rhodesian Bush War as part of the Rhodesian Security Forces between 1964 and 1979,from 1965 under the unrecognised governments of Rhodesia and latterly,during the second half of 1979,Zimbabwe Rhodesia. The RLI remained active during an interim period under British control and then,from April 1980,within the armed forces of Zimbabwe,before disbanding on 31 October 1980.
The 1st Battalion,The Rhodesian Light Infantry,commonly the Rhodesian Light Infantry,served in the Rhodesian Bush War as part of the Rhodesian Security Forces between 1964 and 1979,under the unrecognised government of Rhodesia following its 1965 Unilateral Declaration of Independence from Britain. During the second half of 1979 it fought for Zimbabwe Rhodesia,a black majority-ruled version of the same state which also failed to win international recognition. After an interim period under British control from December 1979 to April 1980,the RLI briefly remained active within the armed forces of Zimbabwe,but did not see action under this government. It disbanded on 31 October 1980.
The Geneva Conference took place in Geneva,Switzerland during the Rhodesian Bush War. Held under British mediation,its participants were the unrecognised government of Rhodesia,led by Ian Smith,and a number of rival Rhodesian black nationalist parties:the African National Council,led by Bishop Abel Muzorewa;the Front for the Liberation of Zimbabwe,led by James Chikerema;and a joint "Patriotic Front" made up of Robert Mugabe's Zimbabwe African National Union and the Zimbabwe African People's Union led by Joshua Nkomo. The purpose of the conference was to attempt to agree on a new constitution for Rhodesia and in doing so find a way to end the Bush War raging between the government and the guerrillas commanded by Mugabe and Nkomo respectively.
The Victoria Falls Conference took place on 26 August 1975 aboard a South African Railways train halfway across the Victoria Falls Bridge on the border between the unrecognised state of Rhodesia and Zambia. It was the culmination of the "détente" policy introduced and championed by B. J. Vorster,the Prime Minister of South Africa,which was then under apartheid and was attempting to improve its relations with the Frontline States to Rhodesia's north,west and east by helping to produce a settlement in Rhodesia. The participants in the conference were a delegation led by the Rhodesian Prime Minister Ian Smith on behalf of his government,and a nationalist delegation attending under the banner of Abel Muzorewa's African National Council (UANC),which for this conference also incorporated delegates from the Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU),the Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU) and the Front for the Liberation of Zimbabwe (FROLIZI). Vorster and the Zambian President Kenneth Kaunda acted as mediators in the conference,which was held on the border in an attempt to provide a venue both sides would accept as neutral.
Dunn Mabika Hove,also known as Paris Checherere was a Zimbabwean military intelligence officer who was one of the leaders of ZANLA,Robert Mugabe's guerrilla forces during the Rhodesian Bush War. A career soldier,in post-independence Zimbabwe,he went on to have a successful career in the Zimbabwe National Army,serving with distinction in UN and AU led peace keeping missions across Africa.
The 1981 Entumbane uprising,also known as the Battle of Bulawayo or Entumbane II,occurred between 8 and 12 February 1981 in and around Bulawayo,Zimbabwe amid political tensions in the newly independent state. Zimbabwe People's Revolutionary Army (ZIPRA) guerrillas,mainly in the city's western suburb of Entumbane,rebelled,creating a situation that threatened to develop into a fresh civil war,barely a year after the end of the Bush War. The Rhodesian African Rifles (RAR) and other white-commanded elements of the former Rhodesian Security Forces,fighting for the Zimbabwean government as part of the new Zimbabwe National Army,put down the uprising. Groups of Zimbabwe African National Liberation Army (ZANLA) fighters attacked both ZIPRA and the government forces during the revolt,which followed a smaller outbreak of fighting between guerrillas in November 1980.
Brigadier-General Shylet Moyo is an officer of the Zimbabwe National Army.
References
- 1 2 "Philip Valerio Sibanda". Pindula. 26 August 2021. Archived from the original on 4 February 2022.
- ↑ "The Zimbabwe National Army". Archived from the original on 7 February 2012.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ↑ Rasmussen, R. K.; Rubert, S. C. (1990). A Historical Dictionary of Zimbabwe (second ed.). Metuchen, New Jersey: Scarecrow Press. p. 449. ISBN 978-0-8108-2337-2.
- ↑ "Marist Brothers Secondary School: A Brief History". Dete, Rhodesia: Marist Old Students Association (MOSA). 25 January 2012. Retrieved 28 January 2012.
- ↑ "Zimbabwe's Hopes of a Better Future Hinges on the Last Professional Commander in the Army". PaZimbabwe News. December 2017.
- ↑ Razemba, Freeman (12 October 2018). "Angola hails General Sibanda". The Herald . Harare, Zimbabwe. Archived from the original on 12 October 2018.