| Phryne | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Artist | Artur Grottger |
| Year | 1867 |
| Medium | Oil-on-canvas |
| Dimensions | 97 cm× 62 cm(38.1 in× 24.4 in) |
| Location | Czartoryski Museum, Kraków |
Phryne (Polish : Fryne) is an 1867 oil on canvas painting by Artur Grottger, now in the Czartoryski Museum in Krakow, Poland. [1]
The painting portrays the ancient Greek courtesan Phryne, who according to legend revealed her breasts before her judges to save herself from a death sentence for sacrilege. [2] [3] It depicts a naked woman standing in the middle of the painting and a bush in the background. Her left hand is raised in order to cover her face. Her right hand holds a red robe lying at her feet. It was painted during the artist's stay in Paris a few months before his death.
Jan Amor Tarnowski was a Polish nobleman, knight, military commander, military theoretician, and statesman of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland. He was Grand Crown Hetman from 1527, and was the founder of the city of Tarnopol, where he built the Ternopil Castle and the Ternopil Pond. The first Count of the Holy Roman Empire in the Tarnowski family (1547).
Polish heraldry is the study of the coats of arms that have historically been used in Poland and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. It treats of specifically Polish heraldic traits and of the Polish heraldic system, contrasted with heraldic systems used elsewhere, notably in Western Europe. Due to the distinctive ways in which feudal societies evolved, Poland's heraldic traditions differ substantially from those of the modern-day German lands and France.
Prokop Sieniawski was a Polish noble.
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Marek Sobieski was a Polish nobleman, starosta of Krasnystaw and Jaworów, and the older brother of King John III Sobieski of Poland. He graduated from Nowodworek College in Kraków and Kraków Academy, then traveled and studied in Western Europe. After returning to Poland in 1648 he fought against the Cossacks and Tatars at the Siege of Zbaraż and at the Battle of Beresteczko. He was taken captive by Tatars in 1652 and then killed by Cossacks.
Ferdynand Antoni Ossendowski was a Polish writer, explorer, university professor, and anticommunist political activist. He is known for his books about Lenin and the Russian Civil War in which he participated.
Maria Ossowska was a Polish sociologist and social philosopher.
Artur Grottger was a Polish Romantic painter and graphic artist, one of the most prominent artists of the mid 19th century under the partitions of Poland, despite a life cut short by incurable illness.
Władysław Orkan was a Polish Goral writer and poet from the Young Poland period. He is known as one of the greatest Goral writers. The most famous of his works portray the common people from the region and Goral history.
Życie was an illustrated weekly established in 1897 and published in Kraków and Lwów in the Austrian partition of Poland. Founded by Ludwik Szczepański, with time it became one of the most popular Polish literary and artistic journals. Although short-lasting, it shaped an entire generation of Polish artists and art critics, notably those associated with the so-called Young Poland.
Wacław Iwaniuk. Educated in Warsaw and Cambridge, England, a poet, literary critic and essayist for various Polish émigré newspapers in Canada and abroad. He served in the Polish Diplomatic Corps and as an officer in the Polish Armed Forces during World War II. Iwaniuk immigrated to Canada in 1948 (Toronto) where he continued to write and published in Polish. He was a member of several international literary societies (PEN) and writers unions. During his career as a postwar émigré poet and writer, he had published numerous articles and publications including in popular Polish Kultura paryska.
Adam Redzik is a Polish lawyer and historian, a professor at the Warsaw University. He specializes in the history of law and science.
Michał Weinzieher was a Polish art historian and art critic, museologist, and separately also a writer on constitutional law. He also published several pieces of travel reportage from France, England, and the Soviet Union.
Alfred Altenberg was a Polish bookseller and publisher.
Altenberg Publishing was a Polish publishing house active from 1880 until 1934; first, in the partitioned and later in sovereign Poland. It specialized in publishing high-quality book prints and illustrated albums.
Leon Tochowicz was a Polish internist and cardiologist.
Franciszek Ksawery Liske was a Polish historian, a founder of the Lwów's historical school, a founder and first chairman of the Polish Historical Society, director of the Archiwum Krajowe Aktów Grodzkich i Ziemskich we Lwowie. In 1879-1880 he was Rector of the Lviv University.
Maria Dorota Leopoldyna Czapska was a Polish writer, essayist and historian. She was born in Prague to Count Jerzy Hutten-Czapski (1861–1930), and Jozefina Thun-Hohenstein (1867–1903), and grew up in Przyłuki, the family estate near Minsk. Her younger brother was Józef Czapski, and her relatives included Counts Emeryk Hutten-Czapski, Emeryk August Hutten-Czapski, and Karol Hutten-Czapski.
Stanisław Tarnowski , known as Stanisław Tarnowski "Biały", was a Polish painter. He was known for landscapes and better as friend of Artur Grottger and model to his paintings.
Parys Filippi was a Polish sculptor. His father was an Italian sculptor and stuccoist named Paolo Filippi.
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