Nordisk familjebok is a Swedish encyclopedia that was published in print form between 1876 and 1957, and that is now fully available in digital form via Project Runeberg at Linköping University. Despite their considerable age and relative obsolescence, the public domain editions of the encyclopedia remain important reference works in Finland, especially on Finnish Wikipedia.
Finnicization is the changing of one's personal names from other languages into Finnish. During the era of National Romanticism in Finland, many people, especially Fennomans, finnicized their previously Swedish family names.
Svenskt biografiskt handlexikon is a compact Swedish dictionary of biography first published in 1873–1876 by the physician and antiquarian Herman Hofberg (1823–1883). The second, updated edition was published in 1906, under the editorship of Frithiof Heurlin, Viktor Millqvist, and Olof Rubenson. The second edition, two volumes of all together 1,445 pages, contains 4,419 articles on families and individuals, "renowned Swedish men and women from the reformation until the present times", and more than 3,000 miniature portraits.
The tursaansydän or tursan sydän, also called mursunsydän, is an ancient symbol used in Northern Europe. The symbol originates from prehistoric times. The tursaansydän was believed to bring good luck and protect from curses, and was used as a decorative motif on wooden furniture and buildings in Finland. During the 18th century the simple swastika became more popular in Finnish wood decoration than the more complex tursaansydän.
The Tietosanakirja, published in 11 volumes from 1909 to 1922, was the first Finnish language encyclopedia. It was published by Tietosanakirja-Osakeyhtiö, a joint effort between Otava and WSOY. The name of the series was adopted into the Finnish language to mean all encyclopedias, so to differentiate, the series became colloquially known as Iso musta tietosanakirja.
Gummerus Oy is a Finnish media group that was founded in Jyväskylä in 1872 by Kaarle Jaakko Gummerus. In 1985, it moved its headquarters from Jyväskylä to Helsinki. In 2008, it had an annual turnover of EUR 26,9 million. Annually, it publishes approximately 200 new titles, which are sold in bookstores, department stores and book clubs.
The history of rail transport in Finland began on January 31, 1862, with the opening of the railway line between Helsinki and Hämeenlinna. By 1900 most of the future main lines had been constructed, including the line to St. Petersburg. By the time of the birth of the new Finnish Republic in 1917 lines connected all major cities, major ports, and reached as far as the Swedish border, and inner Finland as far north as Kontiomäki in Paltamo region, as well as eastwards into Karelia.
Otto Manninen was a Finnish writer, poet, and a celebrated translator of world classics into Finnish language. Along with Eino Leino in the early 20th century, he is considered as a pioneer of Finnish poetry. Manninen translated the works of Homer, Sophocles, Euripides, Heine, Ibsen, Petőfi and Runeberg into Finnish.
Elin Kallio was a celebrated pioneering Finnish gymnast. She is considered the founder of the women’s gymnastic movement in Finland.
Svensk uppslagsbok is a Swedish encyclopedia published between 1929 and 1955, in two editions.
Salmonsens Konversationsleksikon is a Danish encyclopedia that has been published in several editions.
Christian Blangstrup was a Danish encyclopedist. Born in Nykjobing, he was editor-in-chief of the Danish newspaper Berlingske Tidende from 1902 to 1912. He later edited the volumes 1–21 of the second edition of the Danish encyclopedia Salmonsens Konversationsleksikon.
Facta is an encyclopedia in Finnish. It was published as a series of 11 volumes with more than 150,000 entries between 1969 and 1974. It describes subjects from a Finnish point of view. It was run by editors in chief Veli Valpola and Maija Numminen and published by Tietosanakirja Oy.
The International Anticommunist Entente was an international anti-communist organisation based in Geneva, Switzerland. Prior to 1938, it was known as the International Entente Against the Third International.
Uusi tietosanakirja is an encyclopedia in Finnish. It was published as a series of 26 volumes in 1960 and 1972. It describes subjects from a Finnish point of view. Chief editor was Veli Valpola and publisher, Tietosanakirja Oy. The total number of articles is over 130,000. It was sold 30,000 series.
Eino Wälikangas was a Finnish diplomat.
Tyyni Maria Tuulio, was a Finnish writer and translator.
Sofia Theodolinda Hahnsson was a prominent Finnish writer and translator. She was the first known female author to write in Finnish. She was a significant figure in the literary society of Hämeenlinna. She had published several popular short stories, novels, and social plays, some of which appeared in newspapers. She also published under her second married name of Theodolinda Yrjö-Koskinen. Theodolinda's writing represented a romantic idealism tinted with Christianity and patriotism. Her writings also raised social issues such as poverty, and the power of the father in deciding the marriage of the daughter. She was most active during the 1870s and 1880s with her writing. After her second marriage, she used to do translations.
