Proust Questionnaire

Last updated

The Proust Questionnaire is a set of questions answered by the French writer Marcel Proust, and often used by modern interviewers. [1]

Contents

Proust answered the questionnaire in a confession album—a form of parlor game popular among Victorians. [2] The album belonged to his friend Antoinette, daughter of future French President Félix Faure, titled "An Album to Record Thoughts, Feelings, etc."

The album was found in 1924 by Faure's son, and published in the French literary journal Les Cahiers du Mois. It was auctioned on May 27, 2003, for the sum of €102,000 (US$113,609.46). [3]

Other historical figures who have answered confession albums are Oscar Wilde, Karl Marx, Arthur Conan Doyle, Stéphane Mallarmé, Paul Cézanne, Martin Boucher and Enzo Kehl. [4]

The French book talk show host Bernard Pivot used a similar questionnaire at the end of every episode of his show Apostrophes . Inspired by Bernard Pivot, James Lipton, the host of the TV program Inside the Actors Studio , used a similar questionnaire. Lipton had often incorrectly characterized the questionnaire itself as an invention of Pivot.

A similar questionnaire is regularly seen on the back page of Vanity Fair magazine, answered by various celebrities. In October 2009, Vanity Fair launched an interactive version of the questionnaire, that compares individual answers to those of various luminaries. [5]

Another version of the questionnaire, as answered by various Canadian authors, is a regular feature on the radio program The Next Chapter .

The questionnaire

There are two surviving sets of answers to the confession album questions by Proust: the first, from 1885 or 1886, is to an English confessions album, although his answers are in French. The second, from 1891 or 1892, is from a French album, Les confidences de salon ("Drawing room confessions"), which contains translations of the original questions, lacking some that were in the English version and adding others.

Confessions questionsConfidences questionsProust's answers 1886Proust's answers 1890
Your favourite virtueThe principal aspect of my personalityAll virtues that are not limited to a sect: the universal virtues.The need to be loved; more precisely, the need to be caressed and spoiled much more than the need to be admired.
Your favourite qualities in a manThe quality that I desire in a manIntelligence, moral sense.Feminine charm. [6]
Your favourite qualities in a womanThe quality that I desire in a womanGentleness, naturalness, intelligence.Manly virtues, and the union of friendship.
Your chief characteristic----[left blank]----
What you appreciate the most in your friendsWhat I appreciate most about my friendsTo have tenderness for me, if their personage is exquisite enough to render quite high the price of their tenderness.
Your main faultMy main faultNot knowing, not being able to "want".
Your favourite occupationMy favourite occupationReading, daydreaming, writing verse, history, theater.Loving.
Your idea of happinessMy dream of happinessTo live in contact with those I love, with the beauties of nature, with a quantity of books and music, and to have, within easy distance, a French theater.I am afraid it be not great enough, I dare not speak it, I am afraid of destroying it by speaking it.
Your idea of miseryWhat would be my greatest misfortune?To be separated from Mama.Not to have known my mother or my grandmother.
If not yourself, who would you be?What I should like to beSince the question does arise, I prefer not to answer it. All the same, I should very much have liked to be Pliny the Younger.Myself, as the people whom I admire would like me to be.
Where would you like to live?The country where I should like to liveIn the country of the ideal, or, rather, my ideal.A country where certain things that I should like would come true as though by magic, and where tenderness would always be reciprocated.
Your favourite colour and flowerMy favourite colourI like them all and, for the flowers, I do not know.The beauty is not in the colors, but in their harmony.
----The flower that I likeHers/His - and after, all of them. [7]
----My favourite birdThe swallow
Your favourite prose authorsMy favourite prose authors George Sand, Aug. Thierry Currently, Anatole France and Pierre Loti
Your favourite poetsMy favourite poets Musset Baudelaire and Alfred de Vigny
Your favourite heroes in fictionMy heroes in fictionThose of romance and poetry, those who are the expression of an ideal rather than an imitation of the real. Hamlet
Your favourite heroines in fictionMy favourite heroines in fictionA woman of genius leading an ordinary life. Bérénice
Your favourite painters and composersMy favourite composers Meissonier, Mozart, Gounod Beethoven, Wagner, Schumann

Notes

  1. Carter, William C., and Henry-Jean Servat. 2005. The Proust questionnaire. New York: Assouline.
  2. Evan, Kindley. "How the Proust Questionnaire Went from Literary Curio to Prestige Personality Quiz". The New Yorker. Retrieved 1 December 2019.
  3. "NaN EUR to USD - Euros to US Dollars Exchange Rate".
  4. Evan, Kindley. "How the Proust Questionnaire Went from Literary Curio to Prestige Personality Quiz". The New Yorker. Retrieved 1 December 2019.
  5. Carter, Graydon, and Robert Risko. 2009. Vanity Fair's Proust questionnaire: 101 luminaries ponder love, death, happiness, and the meaning of life. [Emmaus, Pa.]: Rodale.
  6. Grunspan, Cyril (2005). Marcel Proust: tout dire. Portaparole. p. 33. ISBN   9788889421048.
  7. In French the gender of the possessive is determined, not by the gender of the possessor, but the gender of the possessed object - in this case flower, 'fleur', is feminine, but the context gives no assurance of how to read 'la sienne' meaning 'his/hers'.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Marcel Proust</span> French novelist, literary critic, and essayist (1871–1922)

Valentin Louis Georges Eugène Marcel Proust was a French novelist, literary critic, and essayist who wrote the monumental novel À la recherche du temps perdu which was published in seven volumes between 1913 and 1927. He is considered by critics and writers to be one of the most influential authors of the 20th century.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Charades</span> Word guessing game

Charades is a parlor or party word guessing game. Originally, the game was a dramatic form of literary charades: a single person would act out each syllable of a word or phrase in order, followed by the whole phrase together, while the rest of the group guessed. A variant was to have teams who acted scenes out together while the others guessed. Today, it is common to require the actors to mime their hints without using any spoken words, which requires some conventional gestures. Puns and visual puns were and remain common.

<i>In Search of Lost Time</i> 1913–1927 novel in seven volumes by Marcel Proust

In Search of Lost Time, first translated into English as Remembrance of Things Past, and sometimes referred to in French as La Recherche, is a novel in seven volumes by French author Marcel Proust. This early 20th-century work is his most prominent, known both for its length and its theme of involuntary memory. The most famous example of this is the "episode of the madeleine", which occurs early in the first volume.

<i>Quiz Show</i> (film) 1994 film by Robert Redford

Quiz Show is a 1994 American historical mystery-drama film directed and produced by Robert Redford. Dramatizing the Twenty-One quiz show scandals of the 1950s, the screenplay by Paul Attanasio adapts the memoirs of Richard N. Goodwin, a U.S. Congressional lawyer who investigated the accusations of game-fixing by show producers. The film chronicles the rise and fall of popular contestant Charles Van Doren after the fixed loss of Herb Stempel and Goodwin's subsequent probe.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Edmund Wilson</span> American writer and literary critic (1895–1972)

Edmund Wilson Jr. was an American writer, literary critic and journalist. He is widely regarded as one of the most important literary critics of the 20th century. Wilson began his career as a journalist, writing for publications such as Vanity Fair and The New Yorker. He helped to edit The New Republic, served as chief book critic for The New Yorker, and was a frequent contributor to The New York Review of Books. Wilson was the author of more than twenty books, including Axel's Castle, Patriotic Gore, and a work of fiction, Memoirs of Hecate County. He was a friend of many notable figures of the time, including F. Scott Fitzgerald, Ernest Hemingway, and John Dos Passos. His scheme for a Library of America series of national classic works came to fruition through the efforts of Jason Epstein after Wilson's death. He was a two-time winner of the National Book Award and received the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1964.

Vanity Fair is a left-wing American monthly magazine of popular culture, fashion, and current affairs published by Condé Nast in the United States.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Prince Pierre, Duke of Valentinois</span> Duke of Valentinois

Prince Pierre of Monaco, Duke of Valentinois was the father of Rainier III of Monaco. He was a promoter of art, music, and literature in Monaco and served as the head of the country's delegation to the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and to the International Olympic Committee.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">James Lipton</span> American writer, actor, and host (1926–2020)

Louis James Lipton was an American writer, actor, talk show host, and dean emeritus of the Actors Studio Drama School at Pace University in New York City. He was the executive producer, writer, and host of the Bravo cable television series Inside the Actors Studio, which debuted in 1994. He retired from the show in 2018.

<i>Answered Prayers</i> 1986 novel by Truman Capote

Answered Prayers is an unfinished novel by American author Truman Capote, published posthumously in 1986 in England and 1987 in the United States.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bernard Pivot</span> French journalist (1935–2024)

Bernard Pivot was a French journalist, interviewer and host of cultural television programmes. He was chairman of the Académie Goncourt from 2014 to 2020.

Inside the Actors Studio is an American talk show that airs on Ovation. The series premiered in 1994 on Bravo where it aired for 22 seasons and was hosted by James Lipton from its premiere until 2018. It is taped at the Michael Schimmel Center for the Arts at Pace University's New York City campus.

<i>Spicks and Specks</i> (TV series) Australian TV series or program

Spicks and Specks is an Australian music-themed comedic television quiz show in which the host, Adam Hills, asks two teams, of three people each, varying music-themed questions in different games. Team leaders are Myf Warhurst and Alan Brough. Members of each team vary from episode to episode; one per team generally comes from the world of music and the other from comedy. Scores are kept, but the prize for the winners is simply personal satisfaction. Many games are named after, or otherwise reference, well known song titles.

Dialectology is the scientific study of linguistic dialect. In the 19th century a branch of historical linguistics, dialectology is today by some considered a sub-field of sociolinguistics. It studies variations in language based primarily on geographic distribution and their associated features. Dialectology deals with such topics as divergence of two local dialects from a common ancestor and synchronic variation.

<i>Where the Stress Falls</i> Collection of essays by Susan Sontag

Where the Stress Falls, published in 2001, is the last collection of essays published by Susan Sontag before her death in 2004. The essays vary between her experiences in the theater to book reviews.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Confession album</span> Book for recording the opinions of friends

The confession album, or confession book, was a kind of autograph book popular in late-nineteenth-century Britain. Instead of leaving free room for invented or remembered poetry, it provided a formulaic catechism. The genre died out towards the end of the century, with occasional brief revivals in the twentieth century. The same kind of form is now found in the Dutch vriendenboek, and German Freundschaftsbuch, used by small children; and the questions that the confession album contained live on in the Proust Questionnaire often used for celebrity interviews.

Apostrophes was a live, weekly, literary, prime-time, talk show on French television created and hosted by Bernard Pivot. It ran for fifteen years from January 10, 1975, to June 22, 1990, and was one of the most watched shows on French television. It was broadcast on Friday nights on the channel France 2.

Bouillon de culture was a weekly, cultural, prime-time, talk show on French television created and hosted by Bernard Pivot. The show ran from January 12, 1991 to June 29, 2001 ; it was broadcast on the channel France 2. The show originally aired on Sunday evenings, but it was quickly moved to Friday nights, taking the same time-slot as Pivot's previous literary talk show Apostrophes (1975–1990) which it had replaced. The show covered a wide range of cultural topics, especially literature.

<i>My Struggle</i> (Knausgård novels) Series of novels by Karl Knausgård

My Struggle is a series of six autobiographical novels written by Karl Ove Knausgård and published between 2009 and 2011. The books cover his private life and thoughts, and unleashed a media frenzy upon their release, with journalists attempting to track down the mentioned members of his family. The series has sold half a million copies in Norway alone and has been published in 35 languages.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gina Palerme</span> French actress and dancer

Gina Palerme was a French actress and dancer.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Robert Dreyfus</span> French writer and journalist

Robert Dreyfus was a French writer and journalist who wrote for Le Figaro. During World War I, between January 1916 and February 1919, he was employed in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, working in the ministry's "diplomatic information service" where he compiled a valuable body of documentation concerning the workings of the Austro-Hungarian empire. His contributions earned him a knighthood in 1920.