| RNAS Capel RAF Folkestone | |
|---|---|
| Located Near Folkestone, Kent, England | |
  RNAS Capel RAF Folkestone | |
| Coordinates | 51°06′21″N1°13′37″E / 51.10583°N 1.22694°E Coordinates: 51°06′21″N1°13′37″E / 51.10583°N 1.22694°E |
| Type | Airship station |
| Site information | |
| Condition | Closed |
| Site history | |
| Built | 1915 |
| Battles/wars | First World War |
| Garrison information | |
| Occupants | Royal Naval Air Service Royal Air Force |
RNAS Capel (later RAF Folkestone) was a First World War airship station near Folkestone, Kent. [1]
When Germany declared in February 1915 that it would commence unrestricted submarine warfare, the Royal Navy responded with the building of airship stations around the coast. [1] Being close to the Dover Straits the open fields east of Capel-le-Ferne were seen as ideal location for a base and work began in April 1915. [1] Although not entirely completed, the base was officially opened on 8 May 1915, under the command of Lt. A.D. Cunningham. [1] The first airship for Capel was to have been SS-1 the first of a new sea scout class of non-rigid airships, on delivery to Capel from RNAS Kingsnorth on 7 May it hit telegraph wires and was destroyed. Despite the accident, more sea scouts were soon delivered to Capel.
Following the successful repair to SS-10 at Capel production of the airships moved from Kingsnorth to Capel, although by 1916 production had moved again to Vickers at Barrow and RNAS Wormwood Scrubs. [1] The engineering section at Capel went on to design an improved variant of the SS airship, which would be known as the SSZ. [1] The SSZ had an improved aluminium covered ash-framed car and was fitted with a 75 hp Rolls-Royce Hawk aero-engine, it was fitted with a 70,000 cu ft (2,000 m3) envelope and test flown in August 1916. [1] When the Admiralty were informed about the new airship they censured the air station for carrying out unauthorised modifications, but on the other hand ordered the type into production. [1]
The airships carried out patrols along the English coast, and escorted shipping across the channel as a lookout for submarines. [1] In April 1918, the Royal Air Force was formed and Capel became RAF Folkestone. By then it had three large airship sheds and a grass landing area. [1] On 16 September 1918, while under the command of a United States Navy officer, SSZ.1 depth-charged and sank submarine UB-103. [1]
Two sub-stations were used: at Godmersham Park north of Wye, and Wittersham south of Tenterden. The sites were used as mooring-out bases where airships could be secured in a sheltered area. [1]
Following the end of the First World War, the station closed during the summer of 1919. In the Second World War the site was used as a radio monitoring station. [1]
A blimp, or non-rigid airship, is an airship (dirigible) without an internal structural framework or a keel. Unlike semi-rigid and rigid airships, blimps rely on the pressure of the lifting gas inside the envelope and the strength of the envelope itself to maintain their shape.
The Royal Naval Air Service (RNAS) was the air arm of the Royal Navy, under the direction of the Admiralty's Air Department, and existed formally from 1 July 1914 to 1 April 1918, when it was merged with the British Army's Royal Flying Corps to form the Royal Air Force (RAF), the world's first independent air force.
The Air Department of the British Admiralty was established prior to World War I by Winston Churchill to administer the Royal Naval Air Service.
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Capel may refer to:
Capel-le-Ferne is a village situated near Folkestone, Kent. Its name derives from the phrase "Chapel in the Ferns". It had a population in 2011 of 1,884. It is perched on top of the White Cliffs of Dover.
The SSZ non-rigid airships or "blimps" were developed in United Kingdom during World War I from the earlier SS class. The main role of these craft was to escort convoys and scout or search for German U-boats. A secondary purpose was to detect and destroy mines.
During the First World War, the United States Navy trained crews at British bases, and operated British designed and built blimps on combat patrols. The Navy purchased three types of British blimps. Operations were flown in a US SSZ and airships operated by the Royal Navy.
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